Vilgelm Rayh: isiqondiso psychoanalysis, izincwadi, aphorisms

Ukukhetha indlela usosayensi ucwaningo, indoda ngokuvamile dooms ngokwayo ukuze minyaka yokusebenza kanzima nokuba nesizungu. okutholakele Omkhulu zingumsebenzi ezingavamile futhi kanzima nsuku zonke kungaba ngokuvamile kwenza umuntu abuyele ekupheleni efile.

Ungathola ukuqashelwa international futhi eziningi imiklomelo ehlonishwayo. Kodwa sekwenzeka ukuthi bonke okwatholwa neyaziwayo mbumbulu pundits, esikhundleni azithele ngabandayo esizifanele uzoya nokuhlekwa usulu nokushushiswa.

Ngakho ososayensi kukaPythagoras waphenduka Vilgelm Rayh, ababengewona waqonda futhi baziswa abantu bangesikhathi sakhe. "Masibe nothando, umsebenzi kanye nolwazi - ukuthi ungumthombo wokuphila kwethu. Kufanele anqume inkambo yayo ", - uthe kwamaNazi futhi njalo abanamathela lo mthetho.

Wayenekhono kulowo, yena wawuhlutha ukuphikelela okuqinile umthamo emangalisayo emsebenzini, kodwa hhayi ukubhekana nobuhlungu bakhe nokwesaba, okuyinto wagijima for oMbusi kusukela ebuntwaneni.

ukuphila Early

Ngemva kokuzalwa Vilgelm Rayh kwaba isihloko Empire Austro-Hungarian. Authoritativeness futhi despotism uyise kuqhathaniswa umsungulo futhi pliability umama. Ukuze nomfowethu omncane Wilhelm wayengakaze baba nokuzwelana.

Siyaxolisa umama akazange ubeke umfana ukutshela uyise mayelana sokuqomisana afundise wakhe. A scandal kwagqashuka umphumela owawungumnyaka ukufa kukanina. Bibliographers uqaphele ukuthi kusukela kule ukuhlukumezeka kwamaNazi ayikwazanga ukuthola i-ukuphila.

Ubaba kafushane wazibonela unkosikazi. Ngezinye iminyaka eyishumi nesikhombisa ka emahlombe uWilliam wayelele konke mayelana ukunakekelwa njengomkhaya epulazini lakubo.

Impi usephumile empilweni yakho yakudala. Ngokusho Galicia lwakubo begijima ukwahlukana abakhwele amahhashi abangu ukucekela phansi yonke into endleleni yayo. Kube usongo kuthuthwa ophoqelelwe ensimini okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni Russian. KwamaNazi ikhetha ukushiya eBukovina. Ungalokothi futhi, yena ngeke abuyele emakhaya.

impi

Ngaleso sikhathi, uWilliam kwakubonakala entry lesifanele kakhulu empini Austria. Kwaphela iminyaka emine, wazehlukanisa ekulweni ngezihluthu isiNtaliyane, ukhushuliwe uLieutenant.

inkonzo yezempi akubi ubizo. Ukufa, igazi, ukuhlupheka, wayewaxinile Wilhelm. Akajabulanga ngekusasa ohlangothini wokulahlekelwa. -Austria-Hungary ukuthi bancishwa ezweni labo, kuhlanganise Bucovina. Le ngxenye umbuso wabizwa engaphansi yeRomania. Ekubuyeleni kwakhe e-ezweni lakubo kwakungafanele athethwe.

kweminyaka eminingi yocwaningo

Sala kahle impi, Vilgelm Rayh ethunyelwe Vienna. Elapho enquma ukungena faculty of imithi eyunivesithi yendawo. Ukuhlanganyela empini wamnika ithuba ukunciphisa Phakathi neminyaka emibili.

Ngemva abaqhuba ezibhedlela inyuvesi kwamaNazi lunqunywe lunye esizayo. Belingana ekutadisheni imithi yangaphakathi, waba nesithakazelo neuropsychiatry, ukuluthwa ingqondo nokwelulekwa, esekelwe isiphakamiso. izifundo Ufunde ukuthola olunye ucwaningo biology.

Ucwaningo ukushicilelwa izinkanyiso ezifana Freud sasho, uWilhelm buoyed. Wayebonakala ezisheshayo zidlule ukuqeqeshwa okuyisisekelo, futhi ukuqala yabo eziyimpumelelo.

Freud sasho futhi izinyathelo kuqala psychoanalysis

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-23, uWilliam waba yilungu le-Association of psychoanalysts saseVienna. Wavula umzila ngqo imitholampilo engcono nezikhungo.

Kodwa kwamaNazi wayenesithakazelo ohlangothini olusha e wezifo zengqondo - psychoanalysis. Ngalesi sikhathi, ithuba uthole abafundi Freud. Ezindabeni ukufunda isiyalo entsha uWilliam umsizi eziphikelelayo kakhulu futhi onekhono.

Uthisha wayincoma intshiseko ikhono: by engu-amathathu, kwamaNazi baba lokuqala Iphini Umqondisi bese inhloko umtholampilo Freud sika. Kuze kube ngasekuqaleni 30-yalolucwaningo usosayensi abasha uqhuba umsebenzi okunzima. Uhola abazimele yakhe, izinkulumo kanye izinkulumo. It is waziphatha ucwaningo ngokwengqondo. Labe ozelwe bayihlaba kakhulu inkolelo yakhe siqu ngemvelaphi nezifo zengqondo.

Ukuthuthukisa kanye nokuvivinya ucwaningo lwazo, yena uthola ukululekwa nosizo izikhungo ngongqimba ezahlukene labantu Vienna. Ubufakazi ngaphezulu bayihlaba kakhulu inkolelo yakhe wathola kwamaNazi, lo nzima kwakungamadodana elala Freud. Ukunganeliseki zanqwabelana, benqaba ukuba baqonde nomunye.

Isizathu sokugcina kwaba ugqozi uWilliam imibono wobukhomanisi. Uphambukile ukuze isifundo izimbangela nezifo zengqondo isigaba sabasebenzi, inselele iziphetho sathishela.

Njengoba kwakhiwa bayihlaba kakhulu inkolelo yakhe siqu psychoanalysis, izimfundiso wobunxiwankulu ukuthi washumayela Freud sasho, zize kamuva. Ngokushesha kwaba nekhefu ephelele ebuhlotsheni izazi. KwamaNazi abafundi abanamakhono nabalandeli yaphenduka angamambuka egwegwile, ukulwela umqondo wobukhomanisi.

ithiyori uQobo psychoanalysis

"Ngenxa amakhulu eminyaka yokucindezelwa uquqaba abakwazi ukulahla wenkululeko" (Wilhelm Reich).

Ngokusebenzisa izikhathi psychoanalysis, usosayensi abasha ngaphawula ukuhlobana ukuziphatha kanye nesimo somqondo iziguli. Ngemva kokufunda lesi simanga Vilgelm Rayh waletha theory, owawuthi kungenzeka eyayenziwe ukuthonya sengqondo asibonisa ukushintsha.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo kufikile ukuqaphela ukuthi Neurosis - kuwumphumela oqondile yokucindezelwa ngokobulili komphakathi wesintu. impilo kwenqondo luncike ikhono isikhathi ukukhulula amandla agcinwe. Isivikelo evimbela ukuqeda ukucindezeleka kuyinto umphakathi, nemithetho yokuziphatha nokuziphatha.

ukwelashwa Vilgelma Rayha lalinabashumayeli nokwelashwa hhayi kuphela umuntu, kodwa futhi nomphakathi wonkana. Wenzé izenzo kanye iziphakamiso ukushintsha yezenhlalakahle kwezinkambiso zokuziphatha futhi ngaleyo ndlela sifinyelele umphakathi omuhle kakhudlwana nasengqondweni.

On isinyathelo ayo uthintane Raich, ukufunda izinkulumo zokufundisa abasebenzi abasha. Ukusekela imicabango Marx, usosayensi wayeqiniseka ngokuthi ikusasa lizwe - salokhu ingxenye umphakathi.

Wethula mqondo izingqondo "ubulili nokuziphatha ngendlela ehlukile", bethi kuphela indoda abakhululiwe ngubani unamalungelo ngokobulili nenkululeko kungaba wusizo emphakathini.

KwamaNazi sebekubeke wagomela ngokuthi zempilo yengqondo isizwe akusona kokuvinjelwa, futhi kungenzeka ukukhululwa kwe amandla ngokobulili. isiphakamiso sakhe singasuki aphathwa ngayo, futhi bafeze nokuvinjelwa nezifo zengqondo lithole ukusabela okuhlukahlukene kamuva kakhulu, ngemva kokufa kwakhe.

umndeni

Akwaziwa ukuthi imfundiso yokuziphendukela psychoanalysis wasiza yokuzihlanganisa nombhali indlela. Kubonakala sengathi oMbusi Loti nabaka Abram baxabana. Wayelethwa waziphatha ucwaningo lwesayensi, okungadingi ukuthola isikhathi ngokwakho.

minyaka yakudala ngaphansi kwejoka uyise enamandla, mnyama ngenxa yokuba nomuzwa wecala ngoba ukushona kukamama wakhe. Izikhathi eziningana, uWilhelm wabuya ukuzama ukuhlaziya le nkathi yokuphila kwakhe, kodwa akazange athole impumelelo kulokhu.

Ngokokuqala ngqá ososayensi baye bazama ukudala emikhayeni yabo, njengoba umfundi wasenyuvesi. Annie Pink kwakunenkosikazi yesazi usosayensi iminyaka engu-11. Wathuthela naye eJalimane, kodwa ukuya eScandinavia kunqatshelwe.

E-Oslo, uhlangana umdansi Elsa Lindenberg, imibono nomdlandla wobukhomanisi. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi ungakwazi ukujabulela injabulo umndeni, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi igagasi yokuqala yoshushiso kwamaNazi. It ifakwe ilebuli imfundiso yamanga waxoshwa izinhlangano zokwelapha, obala sihleka ngokwesasa izihloko iphephandaba.

Ngesikhathi kwamaNazi kule nkathi yaqala ukubonisa izici uyise. Authoritarianism isibe isici esiyinhloko sobuntu bakhe. Ubudlelwano nomkakhe uya washelela umhawu futhi bangabethembi. Ekugcineni, umshado wesibili behlukana.

Ngemva kokuthuthela e-Melika kwamaNazi ashade okwesithathu. Wakhetha isifiki esuka eJalimane, u-Ilse ollendorf, nakho kwaba umsizi wakhe.

ubufakazi kuncane kakhulu akusho ukuphila komuntu usosayensi othile. Abambalwa izithombe ezindala ubufakazi emfushane ngakho. umndeni siqu kusho ukuthini Reich sika ngisho umsebenzi wakhe ngokwesayensi.

Germany kanye "Sekspol"

Ngemva azihlukanisa unomphela Freud, kwamaNazi kuhanjiswe ku-Berlin. I ukudideka isimo sezombangazwe e-Germany, izitayela ezintsha entsheni udale esiteji kakhulu sokuthuthukisa kanye nokusetshenziswa indlela yabo.

Usosayensi kudala Union ezombusazwe ngokobulili yesigaba sabasebenzi ezingeni wombuso. inhlangano mibono yayingekhona ezintsha ngakho, ukuthi kakade onyakeni wokuqala yenani labahlanganyeli kudlulwe eziyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi ayisihlanu.

Umqondo imfundo yocansi, ilungelo inzalo, isisu nesehlukaniso baye baphumelela mkhulu okuqhubekayo intsha mibuthano. Injongo eyinhloko "Sekspola" kwaba ekuvimbeleni umphakathi khulula yokucindezeleka womuntu ukuze alondoloze nempilo yengqondo.

Usosayensi isungule umzimba akhethekile owethulwa massage okukhethekile ukunyakaza mahhala amandla emzimbeni. Nenguquko yokuziphatha kobulili ufezwa ngokugxilile ezingqondweni nasezinhliziyweni izenzo abalandeli kwamaNazi.

Abantu abaningi yokukhanyisela sikhathi akazange ayisekele noma ukubonakaliswa obala ukunganeliseki kwabo nge Sikazwelonke Sokusebenzela Uhulumeni, okuyinto obala yazibiza ngasekuqaleni 30-yalolucwaningo. Isibalo ababhikishi langena Vilgelm Rayh, izincwadi, kushicilelwe ngalo, ikakhulukazi "Psychology IMisa kobuFasi", eboniswe ngaphandle embellishment konke mayelana ukwehluleka esizohlasela, ikakhulukazi umthelela waso isimo ngokwengqondo yomuntu.

"Ukwengeza imibono mva nge ngamazwi ashiwo wamavukelambuso kuphumele ubuntu hlobo undlovukayiphikiswa" (Wilhelm Reich).

Uma ukhululeka usho okudingayo yokukhuluma nokuzinikela ukuba ngumnikazi ukwahlulela kwaholela ngemiphumela yokuqala ezimbi. Pundits we Psychoanalytic Association bammangalela mbumbulu umsebenzi nokuzinikela izimiso nobukhomanisi. Ngenxa yalokho, kwamaNazi kwadingeka ukuba ngithi goodbye kule nhlangano ngokwesayensi.

Seziziningana usosayensi Kuyicasulile amalungu leQembu LamaKhomanisi. KwamaNazi waxoshwa party.

Ngomlomo wakhe uWilliam, ohlala eJalimane kusukela amaNazi athatha izintambo waba yingozi kuye. Nganoma yimuphi umzuzu kungenzekani ukuboshwa noma ukubhujiswa ngokomzimba.

Akukho ukwenza kodwa ukushiya eJalimane futhi bafune insindiso nasekuqondeni kwamanye amazwe.

Iminyaka Engu nokuzula: eScandinavia futhi ekutholakaleni orgone

Njengoba kuhanjiswe ku eScandinavia, kwamaNazi kuqala bazinza Norway. Kube wasungula isikole ukuze athole ukwelashwa komzimba. Ngaya, yena ozongitshela, wahola wamukelekile. Wazama ukuchaza futhi sithuthukise izindawo akhona psychoanalysis, olwenziwa ucwaningo lwesayensi.

Ngenxa yalokho, Vilgelm Rayh wathola i amandla amasha ngokuphelele zezinto eziphilayo. Analogue ke wawungekho. ucwaningo Eminye wabonisa eziningi izakhiwo engasetshenziswa ukwelapha izifo kanye nokuvimbela yabo. Ngokusho usosayensi, ngaphambi amandla entsha ayikwazanga ukumelana, ngisho amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

KwamaNazi wanikeza incazelo ayekutholile wabiza amandla "orgone". Ukulandela ukushicilelwa amaphepha ocwaningo igagasi elisha abahluphayo wezesayensi. Nokuhlekwa usulu nokushushiswa alethwe ososayensi kangangokuthi waphoqeleka ukuba sithuthele eDenmark.

Ayikho ekwenteni ncono ezweni elisha akwenzekanga. Iziphathimandla ziye zathi ucwaningo. I am esondela kuwa umshado wakhe wesibili. Isimo sibhebhetheka isiqalo okuseduze ngezinga elikhulu empini. KwamaNazi eseqala ukucabangisisa ukuthuthela Melika. Wayekholelwa ukuthi ezweni free, uyokwazi ukuba uqaphele imibono yabo bese uqhubeke nocwaningo lwezesayense.

Ukudlulela Melika

E-Oslo, kwamaNazi wenza bajwayelene Theodor Wolff. Kuyinto lokhu sokusebenza kwengqondo American nomthelela ethutha ngokushesha Melika. Esikhathini lama-39, uWilliam wamenywa New York futhi zayiswa INguqulo Yezwe.

Neminyaka embalwa yokuqala bazala kakhulu. KwamaNazi uye lectured, wafundisa izifundo. Abaningi imisebenzi yakhe eziye zanyatheliswa komagazini i-English. ezintsha wakhe ekwelapheni etholwe odokotela nangenjabulo wathatha phezu imiklamo.

Into esemqoka kule nkathi ukuphila ithuba bahlanganyele ucwaningo orgone. Wayekholelwa ukuthi ngosizo le energy uzokwazi ukushaya umdlavuza. Ukuhlolwa ku amagundane baye babonisa amahle. iziphathimandla US baye bavumela Institute ukudala orgone.

Ngalesi sikhathi eduze kwamaNazi waqala ukuthuthukisa wokugoma yokulwa nomdlavuza kanye nokwenzeka ekuqongeleleni orgone. Lokhu kwakudingekile ukuze usebenzise amandla ngokugcwele futhi beqondiswa nguye.

Phakathi nohambo lwakhe kulo lonke izwe kwamaNazi wathola indawo ephelele ukuze uzizamele orgone. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi kakhulu ubunjalo Maine wathatha ayinakekele. Usosayensi owavela emva kweminyaka engamakhulu amaningana kulezo zindawo ucwaningo baze ithuba ukuthenga epulazini elincane.

ukwelashwa Orgonovaya

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-40-yalolucwaningo usosayensi eqala ukwethula yokwelapha orgonovuyu. Ngenxa yalezi zinjongo, amabhethri ekhethekile zadalwa. Ziyakwazi amabhokisi evamile, yenziwe ngensimbi nezinkuni.

Lesi siguli e kwathi ingakapheli nemizuzu engu-30, ayegcwele orgone. Ngokusho kwamaNazi, ngakho ungakwazi ukusheshisa izinqubo umzimba futhi wandise kwegazi.

Ukuhlolwa, olwenziwa abacwaningi abantu 14, ukufa, ene-umdlavuza, lukhombise imiphumela emangalisayo. Ebonisa ngcono, x-reyi yabonisa isimila ukunciphisa. iziguli eziningana ubephila Eminyakeni embalwa ngemva kokuba ukwelashwa orgonovoy.

Kususelwa izifundo Vilgelm Rayh baphetha ngokuthi ukuba khona amabhlogo womuntu ngokomzwelo kunomthelela ukwehla elibukhali Bioenergy ezingeni ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Kule ndaba kukhona ingozi yomdlavuza.

Ngalesi sikhathi, kwamaNazi is ukugqugquzela ukusetshenziswa amabhethri orgone. izihloko Kushicilelwe, izinkulumo, izincwadi kunyatheliswa. Nakule minyaka engamashumi iye yathela impela emphilweni usosayensi othile. Kuyinto mayelana nenkululeko umsebenzi Waphupha of lapho eseneminyaka e-Europe.

Orgonon

Ekwindla ka-1942 ithuba ukuvala ukuqalisa iphupho osekunesikhathi eside unayo - ukwakha indlu indawo ekahle ukucwaninga nokutadisha ka orgone. ipulazi Old ku echibini e Maine kahle kule.

Wanameka nendlu, okuyinto kwamaNazi ngokuthi Orgonon, lakhula. Ithuba sibuthe abafundi. Kubo, lesi lwakhiwe laboratory, umtapo wezincwadi, i Observatory ukugada ukufunda amandla.

Olunye uhlelo lokusebenza of orgone

umsebenzi Observatory luthele izithelo ezibonakalayo nemiphumela emangalisayo. Kwavela ukuthi orgone kungaba nomthelela zemvelo. KwamaNazi esethula inqubo yokunciphisa amandla isiphepho futhi kugunyazwe uhulumeni wase-US. "Phoenix" Uhlelo wanika imiphumela emangalisa on imiphumela sezulu.

Usosayensi yakhelwe futhi lwahlolwa Cloudbuster - idivayisi olukwazi ekushintsheni asemkhathini orgone amandla. lokuhlala abahlukahlukene kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthonya sezulu.

Ukuhlolwa wokuvelela kunazo lwenziwe ngesicelo abalimi bendawo. Ngosizo Cloudbuster ukulondolozwa sokuvuna amajingijolo, okuwenza imvula eside elindelwe. Kuvele isihloko sephephandaba nomthelela ekugqugquzeleni imishini emisha.

Eminyakeni eyishumi yoshushiso

"Ekuqaleni, abantu ukubulala okuthile wena, khona-ke iqala ukubulala omunye" (Wilhelm Reich).

Ososayensi ayikwazanga bakwemukele izifundo izwe futhi iziphetho kuthiwa iqhutshelwe phambili kwamaNazi. abalandeli eqondile Freud nososayensi Orthodox babekholelwa umklamo kanye nomqondo mbumbulu ngokwesayensi. A kakhulu Innovator ngokuthi i imbulu.

Isimo saba sibi kakhulu ngemuva kokushicilelwa ihlazo ephephabhukwini. Ehola oMbusi wathela ebhakedeni ukudonsa amaqiniso. Bagxekwa ngokuthi izenzo pseudoscientist iyingozi emphakathini.

Lesi sihloko isikhathi emizameni yokuthuthukisa uphenyo, eyathatha iminyaka eyishumi. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi ngenjongo olwenziwa kokuyenga nososayensi. abafundi Exoxa, ophathina, iziguli kwamaNazi. Abalalelanga, hhayi izimangalo samanje futhi akazange azwakalise ukunganeliseki.

Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu ekomidini wabuya isinqumo - a ukwelashwa komdlavuza izindlela akuvumelekile. Zonke imishini Kuye kwatholakala ukuthi abe yingozi ezimpilweni nasekuphileni iziguli. Icala wayiswa enkantolo, lapho ibhaliswe ngokomthetho ukuvinjelwa oluphelele lwazo zonke ehlangene amandla orgone.

Ngo-1957 wandizisa izincwadi ezinyatheliswa i-Institute of kwamaNazi e somlilo nokushiswa. Sikhulume Orgon ukuhlela aphume izincwadi. Umlilo landizela izincwadi cindezela amaphephabhuku. imishini laboratory, amabhethri Cloudbuster kwabhujiswa.

eminyakeni yamuva

Omunye abafundi kwamaNazi sika sasilwela ukubekela eceleni amabhethri ambalwa nemisebenzi, ngaleyo ndlela yokwephula umyalelo wenkantolo. Kulesi sici, sifakazela bafaka icala elisha, futhi womabili ososayensi bagwetshwa ejele, futhi Foundation Vilgelma Rayha wahlawuliswa isamba omkhulu - ayizinkulungwane 10 zamaRandi.

Umlando liphindwe futhi, kodwa manje khulula Melika, intando yeningi njengoba usosayensi babekholelwa. imisebenzi Scientific, impumelelo kukho konke ukuphila kwabo kwabhujiswa.

Izikhalo sigcwalisiwe bephikelela kunqatshelwe. Ukushushiswa kwaboshwa abalandeli kwamaNazi.

ukushushiswa ahlushwe futhi nabulungisa okubi kakhulu, usosayensi othile ubhala incwadi yefa, ilindele the ukuphela kwalesi ukuphila. Washiya Orgonon inzalo ukwakha Museum futhi ivikele amagugu ngokwesayensi.

unyaka wayo sixtieth Vilgelm Rayh kuphawulwe ejele, ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisishagalombili wayesefa. Sasiyini isizathu, akwaziwa. Isiphetho olusemthethweni - yinhliziyo.

Wembelwa oyisihlubuki omkhulu Orgonon - endaweni lapho wayejabule futhi egcwele ithemba ngenxa yezinto ezintsha.

Kusasele amashumi eminyaka baye badlula, futhi ngandise imiqondo, imibono kanye ipumelelo Vilgelma Rayha kuye kwakhiwa futhi lisetshenziswe ukwelashwa kwengqondo yesimanje. Yethulwe revolution zabo zobulili zenzeka. Abesifazane zathola ilungelo lokuzikhethela zokuvimbela inzalo ezenziwe umuntu. isihloko "imfundo sex" sethulwa izikole zamabanga. Bioenergy isetshenziswa ekwelapheni ngamakhambi futhi izimfundiso zefilosofi.

KwamaNazi kwaba uhlobo ososayensi abangabulawanga ziyaqondakala futhi ziyamukeleka empilweni. Wayengumuntu kude ngaphambi izazi isikhathi sakhe. Kungenxa yalesi isibindi, ukwenqena ukwamukela ngokoqobo futhi lahlupheka usosayensi othile. Ummeli nenkani imibono yakhe wanika isivuno esihle, kodwa kamuva nje kwamashumi amahlanu.