Jeep "Willys": izici nesithombe

Jeep "Willys" - imoto legend, lidlule indlela kusukela iVolga futhi Berlin, wawela ezingwadule zase-Afrika, bangena emanzini emahlathini ase-Asia. umqondo wayo namanje isisekelo sokuthethelelwa ukudalwa SUV yesimanje. "Willis" kwaba umsunguli izimoto high-class, okuyinto namuhla ngokubizwa ngegama "engibaziyo".

Jeep "Willys": umlando ekudalweni

Kusukela 30s-United States baqala ukubonisa isithakazelo ngo motorcars ka permeability ophakeme, okwakungase esikhundleni ukuguga imikhumbi samanje izimoto ibutho ukukhanya. Ukugqashuka kwempi e-Europe ophoqelelwe amaMelika ukusheshisa inqubo. Kule ndaba, iqoqo ezidingekayo nezimfuneko zomsebenzi izimoto ngekusasa, okumele ukuhumusha ibe yinto engokoqobo.

Automakers azi kahle ukuthi Ekwamukeleni umlayo onjalo ngaphansi isimo sezombangazwe samanje wathembisa inzuzo enhle. Ngakho-ke, ukushikashikeka ngenxa ithenda ukwenziwa SUV, yamemezela ngamasosha US, izinkampani 135 oyifakile. Kodwa ngaphambi esigabeni sokugcina bakwazi ukufinyelela ezintathu kuphela "American Bantam", "iFord Motor Company" futhi "Willys Overland," okungase ukudala prototypes yangempela ezihlangabezana nezidingo ezempi. Ngenxa yalokho, ngasinye salezi zinkampani lithole ukuze akhiqize amayunithi 1,500 Suv yayo.

sokunquma Ukukhetha

Lapho kuba sobala ukuthi amaMelika ngeke bakwazi ukuhlala kude impi ngo-July 1941 kwanqunywa ukukhulula esinye, abe batch enkulu izimoto off-road, ehlanganisa izimoto 16.000. Kodwa Kwabuye kwaba khona umbuzo yokukhetha phakathi abakhiqizi ezintathu.

Okokuqala, izikali okulinganiswa bebheke "Ford" njengoba automaker esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Kodwa-ke kwabe sekuphakama umbuzo izindleko umshini. Kwatholakala ukuthi Suv, ohlongozwayo "Ford", ubaluleke ngaphezu zonke - ukukhiqizwa yayo ephethwe 788 zamaRandi. izindleko eshibhile kancane, "Bantam" - 782 zamaRandi. Intengo ephansi wanikelwa "Willys Overland," okuyinto uhlolwa ukubaluleka kwesinye imishini yayo kule 738,74 dollar, futhi lokhu naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi wezempi engibaziyo "engibaziyo" waba ukusebenza kangcono kunokuba SUV izimbangi '.

Kubonakala sengathi esiphethweni yayisobala, kodwa wezempi angabaze ukuthi inkampani uzokwazi ukugcina ngaphakathi wesikhathi obekiwe, njengoba kunjalo kwakungeyona okuhle kakhulu. Point kule ndaba ukubeka Bill Knutson - uchwepheshe American emkhakheni izimoto mass-kukhiqizwa, asekelwe candidacy of "Willys Overland."

Julayi 23, 1941 ne "Willys Overland" usayine inkontileka ukukhiqiza izimoto 16.000. Futhi ngo-August, lo Jeep "Willys" (ngezansi) emva uchungechunge ngcono bekulokhu ukulungele ngokuphelele nokukhiqizwa kwezinto ngobuningi, futhi igama layo - Willys MB Engeza Inkomba.

Uhulumeni ukuphepha net

Ukukhathazeka "Willys Overland, 'zime sisonqenqemeni ucabanga futhi ayikwazanga ukuhlula oda serial impi, ngakho Uhulumeni unqume ukwenza okuphephile futhi ukunikeza isheke eyengeziwe lapho kuvezwa amakhophi SUV inkampani eziqinile -" iFord Motor ".

kumnikazi wenkampani ivumile umyalelo enkulu kahulumeni, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi "Ford" wawudinga ukuba asebenzise i injini zokuqala ukukhiqizwa imishini yabo, othengwe ku "Willys Overland." imibhalo kwi Willys MB yanikwa ikhophi onjiniyela "Ford", futhi ekuqaleni kuka-1942, iqembu umkhankaso Suv sabafowabo lokuqala olubizwa Ford GPW.

Phakathi nempi, "Willys Overland" ezikhiqizwa SUV mayelana 363.000. "IFord Motor" kwenziwe ukuze lempi yemishini 280.000. Cishe ngokushesha nje ngemva kokuqala zokukhiqiza serial Suv izimoto waya umbimbi - kuqala British bese ohlangothini Soviet.

Transmission Umsebenzi Suv lempi

Emgwaqweni, naphezu idrayivu edonsa ngawo wonke amasondo, Jeep "Willys" ngamhlupha ngokufaneleyo kakhulu. Accelerated ngokushesha, ngangena evenini yami kahle, Kancane kancane ngakwazi komgwaqo. Lo mkhuba inqobo kahle "ezibophezelekile" ukuhamba Suv.

Inkampani yenethiwekhi isici "Willis" Uhlaka Spar ixhunywe nge iziphethu nezintwa ukushaqeka wezinciphisi isiqondiso eyengeziwe olulodwa amabhuloho ifakwe nomehluko kuxhumene. Injini ka umshini is kuxhumene nge manual 3-gearbox.

Ukuphathwa phambi oluvala amasondo kanye downshift eyenziwa kunjalo yokudlulisa.

"Willis" Jeep has a inzuzo enkulu ngesimo amabhuleki wokubacindezela yazo zonke amasondo 4 ukuthi ngezimiso zalo kanye nezici anamandla isici esibalulekile.

Umzimba imoto

Ngenxa compactness ka induduzo American yakho Suv, yebo, kushiya okuningi okufanele oyifunayo, kodwa ngalezo zinsuku abazange babe ukucabanga lula kwasekuqaleni babe kwemigomo ukusebenza.

Ngo umzimba elula ezibukeka "Willis" inezici ayo design yokushoda iminyango kanye alo ku hood we windscreen. Ukungabikho iminyango bavunyelwe ngokukhululekile ukushiya imoto uma ingozi. Itende rainproof was hlinzeka for ukuvikelwa imvula.

Ohlangothini olungaphandle yomzimba sise ngemuva "isondo eliyisipele" futhi ibhokisana lokugcina itiye noma ikhofi, futhi izinhlangothi - insimbi ekusukeni (lokwela, imbazo, njll). Ngenxa injongo lempi fuel imoto ithangi yafakwa ngaphansi esihlalweni somshayeli, okuyinto edingekayo ukuze sitsheke emotweni refueling. Ngo ekhosombeni ngemuva ezingemuva isondo nemengamo elise ingaphakathi ababezithola phansi benze amathuluzi ukugcina.

Njengoba umzimba has a isakhiwo ibhokisi-like, kuvulwa inikezwa ukususa olwenzeka kungenzeka umswakama phansi umshini, kuthiwa stoppered.

yokukhanya Izici

Izibani zangaphambili "Willis" kancane lalihlehliswa ngemva kwendiza ye Izinsimbi. Lokhu kungenxa izici zabo kwesakhiwo. Uma kudingekile, yokukhanya ukukhanya kungacinywa phansi lens, lapho angasetshenziswa njengoba umthombo wokukhanya ngesikhathi inkonzo injini ebusuku. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mklamo sici headlamp ivumela ukuhambisa ebumnyameni ngaphandle blackout.

Jeep "Willys": Car:

4-wheel drive.

IMisa Suv - 1055 kg.

Ukuphakama etendeni - 1830 mm.

Imoto ububanzi - 1585 mm.

Jeep obuphelele - 3335 mm.

Ground imvume (imvume) - 220 mm.

Engine uxhumekile kwi-inthanethi 4 cylinder nizhneklapannym (Willys L-134) amandla - 60 l / s.

Umthamo amandla iyunithi - 2,2l.

Uhlelo amandla supply umshini emotweni lapho kuhlanganiswa khona umoya nomusi kaphethiloli uhlobo (carburetor - WO-539-S kusukela inkampani Carter).

"Willis" Jeep bakwazi ukuthuthukisa ijubane 105 km / h esimweni yokudonsa 45mm inganono - 86 km / h.

uphethiloli umthamo - 56,8 amalitha.

uphethiloli ukusetshenziswa (value isilinganiso) - 12 amalitha / km 100.

Umthamo - 4 abantu.

SUV "Willis" wakwazi ukunqoba a ezibukweni isigamu-imitha ngaphandle nokulungiselela. Nge imishini ekhethekile 1.5 amamitha.

Kulokhu okungenhla idatha yomsebenzi osizayo lokho kuyinkomba yokuthi leyompahla Jeep "Willys" has a design compact kakhulu futhi engasindi, futhi saba nesikhathi esihle kakhulu ukusebenza yayo ashukumisayo.

Ukukhonza Army Soviet

Wabonakala ehlobo lika-1942 Esikhathini "Wilis" ebuthweni laseSoviet. Abaningi izimoto enikeziwe kokuphindela eSoviet Union, waluthola semoto-kits, okuyinto ekhonjiwe esimweni yokusebenza isivele namafemu imoto yasekhaya.

Ngeshwa, ngokucacile yesevisi ebuthweni laseSoviet kwesokunxele umthelela walo omubi ukusebenza "Willis". Low-grade uphethiloli okugqugquzelwa izimoto, owawungumnyaka yingozi "AmaMelika". Ngokuvamile hhayi banamathela abakhwabanisi ngezikhawu. ukwehluleka Abaningi iphutha ngenxa yokuntuleka yesondlo ngesikhathi esifanele futhi Lubrication Suv izingxenye. Konke lokhu ndawonye kwaholela eqinisweni ukuthi "Willis" yokwehluleka ngaphakathi 15,000 km. Noma kunjalo, abanye bakholelwa ukuthi esikhathini Army Soviet, SUV American ontengo yakhe yayinqunyiwe ephakeme kuka nozakwabo yasekhaya Gaz-67 futhi Gaz-67B, ukuthi iRed Army wethiwa "Ivan le Jeep."

umsebenzi mini-Jeep lakhe lempi "Willys" baqhubeka ezweni lakubo (lapho ukulungiswa ahlukahlukene inyatheliswe osekelwe kuyo), okuyinto eliphelele lagcina liqedwe kuphela in the 80s, lapho salandelwa xaxa esigcwele "Hammer" izidingo.