Juni Icebo lika Okwesithathu ngo-1907

Ukuqala XX leminyaka in Russia kwenzakala ngempela esibudisi. Onxiwankulu kanye sezenhlalo ekuvukeleni okwaholela kuqhekeka umphakathi, kanye nezinguquko njalo kunqubomgomo kancane kancane buthaka umbuso. izenzakalo ezalandela kuleli zwe, iyathinteka.

II nokonakala okuqala e-State Duma eRussia Juni 3, 1907, okuyinto kwakulandelwa ushintsho ekhona kuze kube yileso sikhathi uhlelo lokhetho, wehlela emlandweni ngaphansi igama Icebo lika Juni Okwesithathu.

Izizathu nokonakala

Isizathu ngokuqedwa kwesivumelwano ekuqaleni we namandla Duma II baba ukungabi nakwenzeka kwento nokubambisana ezinengqondo futhi usandisile umsebenzi uhulumeni, eliholwa UNdunankulu Stolypin, kanye nokuzibusa zomphakathi okwenzeka ngaleso sikhathi, ikakhulukazi abamele kwesokunxele-wing amaqembu ezifana Socialist-mbuso, Social Democrats, le Socialists ethandwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwangena lo Trudoviks.

The Second Duma labavulekela ngo-February 1907, kwadingeka lo moya kokuphikiswa, njengoba mina Duma ngaphambilini kabi. Iningi lamalungu alo lapho awathandanga ukuyisiza ukuthatha cishe yonke izikweletu, kuhlanganise uhulumeni futhi isabelomali ezihlongozwayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, yonke eliphakanyiswe isikhundla Duma ayikwazanga wamukela noma nguMbuso Council, noma umbusi.

ukuphikisana

Ngakho, isimo kuyinto Inkinga eyakhelwe ngaphezu komthethosisekelo. Esalele yokuthi umthetho ivumela uMbusi ukuncibilikisa Duma nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ayenakho ukuqoqa entsha, kwazise ngaphandle kwemvume yayo, ngeke likwazi ukwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko umthetho ukhetho. Kulokhu, kwakungekho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi umhlangano olandelayo ngeke ukuphikiswa naleyo odlule.

isinqumo sikahulumeni

Stolypin wathola indlela kulesi simo. Yena uhulumeni wakhe unqume kanyekanye ukuncibilikisa Duma futhi wenze kunesidingo kusuka umbono wabo, nezinguquko emthethweni lokhetho.

Isizathu salokhu kwaba ukuvakasha amasekela of Social Democratic Party, lonke ithimba emabuthweni omunye amakhanda Petersburg, okuyinto wabanika igunya okubizwa ngokuthi lamasosha. Ngakho umcimbi abangelutho Stolypin ephethwe yethule isiqephu ihlazo we ugobe ekhona isimiso sezombangazwe sakhona. Juni 1 1907, lokhu wakusho kuseshini olandelayo we Duma. Wafuna ukuthi isinqumo sokumiswa emsebenzini 55 kwamaphini, amalungu Social Democratic iqembu, kanye ukususa amasosha omzimba ngoba abanye babo.

I UDuma akakhiphanga impendulo ngokushesha kuhulumeni tsarist futhi ihlelwe umsebenzi okhethekile, ogama isinqumo buboshwe avele Julayi 4. Kodwa ngaphandle elinde umbiko, uNicholas II ezinsukwini ezingu-2 emva inkulumo Stolypin isikhipha umyalo ukuncibilikisa Duma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthetho omusha yokhetho awukhishelwa futhi ehleliwe kukhetho oluzayo. Esesithathu Duma kwaba ukuqala umsebenzi 1 Novemba 1907 Ngakho, ukubiza yesibili yayithatha izinsuku 103 kuphela futhi saphela ngokukhululwa nokonakala, eyagcina yaziwa ngokuthi Ukuketulwa etat.

Usuku lokugcina Revolution Okokuqala Russian

Kokuphela Duma - kwesokudla zombusi. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ushintsho yomthetho yokhetho kwaba ukuhlukumeza esobala Article 87 ukuqoqwa Basic kwemithetho isimo. Wawuthi kuphela ngenkululeko uMkhandlu Wombuso kanye Duma kokwenza ukuhlela idokhumenti. Yingakho izenzakalo-June 3, wathola igama Icebo lika Juni Okwesithathu ngo-1907.

Kokuphela yesibili Duma bill kuza ngesikhathi lapho okuningi buthaka ukunyakaza isiteleka futhi ngacishe ngayeka yezinxushunxushu nezokulima. Umphumela uba ukuthi e kuzolile Empire. Ngakho-ke i-Juni Okwesithathu (1907) Icebo lika libizwa futhi usuku lokugcina Lokuqala Russian Revolution.

izinguquko

Njengoba liphinde siguqulwe umthetho lokhetho? Ngokusho izinguquko ezintsha benziwa ngqo labavoti. Lokhu kwakusho ukuthi uhla lwabavoti kakhulu ayisesemikhulu. Futhi amalungu omphakathi, bangazihluphi ephakeme impahla, t. E. bomhlaba kanye izakhamuzi abahola ezinhle, wathola iningi lithola izihlalo eziningi ephalamende.

I etat Ukuketulwa is kakhulu asheshisa ukhetho entsha Duma III, eyaqala ekwindla ka ngonyaka ofanayo. Bagqunywa isimo yokwesaba nangenxa orgy okungakaze kubonwe ukuphendula. Waboshwa iningi Social Democrats.

Ngenxa yalokho we Icebo lika Juni Okwesithathu kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi III Duma siqanjwe ngamaqembu pro-uhulumeni - ubuzwe futhi Octobrist kanye abamele amaqembu Kwesokunxele kakuphathelene.

Kufanele ukuthi inani eliphelele zokuvota izindawo wahlala, kodwa ukumelwa ongumlimi aba nguhhafu. Futhi sehle kakhulu futhi inani lamaphini kusukela borderlands ehlukahlukene kazwelonke. Ezinye izifunda baye bancishwa ngokuphelele ukumelwa.

Imiphumela

Imibuthano ubusosha-ovulekile we Icebo lika Juni Okwesithathu kafushane wachazwa njengomuntu "ngokunethezeka kokungabi namahloni," ngombana gade ngendlela sasivumela okwe frank enikeziwe in the entsha Duma monarchist-ubuzwe iningi. Ngakho, uhulumeni tsarist izephula i- a prime isikhundla Manifesto, esenziwa ngo-Okthoba 1905, ukuthi akukho mthetho ayikwazi agunyazwe ngaphandle ingxoxo ngaphambi futhi agunyazwe Duma.

Isimanga siwukuthi le Icebo lika Juni Okwesithathu ezweni sengikubambile ngokuthula. osopolitiki abaningi nabo bamangaliswa nandaba ezifana phezu ingxenye abantu. Kwakungekho imiboniso noma iziteleka. Ngisho amaphephandaba ubeke amazwana lo mcimbi ithoni kunalokho ezolile. Revolutionary umsebenzi futhi amaphekula izenzo ezenzeka ngaphambi sikhathi, waya buyaphela.

Juni Okwesithathu Icebo lika kwakubaluleke kakhulu. I reconvening ngokushesha waqala umsebenzi ezinezithelo zomthetho ngokuphelele ukuxhumana uhulumeni. Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, lezo zinguquko ezinqala okuzwiwa umthetho zokhetho, wabhubhisa ukumelwa kwabantu ukuthi uDuma kuyinto umqaphi izithakazelo zakhe.