Kungani Itafula imoto ethutha ke ukuqala? izizathu Ukuxazulula

Kwenzeka ukuthi abashayeli babhekene nenkinga uma injini emotweni yabo ngaphandle isizathu anezinto kwesokudla ngenkathi ushayela. Isizathu salokhu mkhuba kungenzeka izinto eziningana. Ukuze kuqhutshekwe ukwehlisa ubungozi ukuwela esimweni esinjalo, lesi sihloko imininingwane lezo nkinga ezinkulu amasistimu motor nendlela ukuzixazulula.

Engine nezitebele zamahhashi: Izimbangela

Njengoba sekushiwo, kungase kube zingaphezu kokwaneleyo. Uma sicabangela oda, ungakwazi ukuchaza ezinye ezivamile.

• Okokhelekayo ukhwaliti ongaphakeme noma lumane. Njengomthetho, uma izinkinga sangaphambilini injini azikaze, abashayeli into wabokuqala cabanga kuyinto fuel. Kuleso simo, uma uphethiloli has ukunquma lo mbuzo kufanele kube ngale ndlela: esikhundleni fuel nophethiloli zokuhlunga.
• esaphila eliphansi noma aphelelwe yisikhathi ye-plug inhlansi. Kulokhu, lo jerks imoto nezibaya sendleleni, injini detonates futhi run kabi. Inkinga iqhubeka hlola amakhandlela esikhundleni sabo ephelele uma kunesidingo.
• Isimo lemifanekiso nophethiloli. Uma it ayikashintshi isikhathi eside, noma uma usebenzisa yekhwalithi ephansi uphethiloli ivimbekile futhi Umkhawulokudonsa ophansi. Lokhu kungabangela ukuphazamiseka supply amafutha kanye lula kokuma injini. Lokhu inkinga ixazululiwe ngokufaka esikhundleni isici zokuhlunga.
• lemifanekiso air. Odla kuholela enganele air ukwakha eliphezulu fuel-air ingxube. Ngaphandle lemali kahle i-oksijini omlilo inqubo e uMbhalo liwohloka injini nje "ESIKLINYAYO". Ngokuvamile, injini anezinto nohlobo iphutha ikakhulukazi lutho. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba esikhundleni lemifanekiso air - futhi isizathu siqedwa.
• Akukona ukumpompa uphethiloli futha. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, uketshezi kusukela ithangi akusho ageleze ukuba injini. Kwenzeka ukuthi futha iyasebenza nge iziphazamiso gqwa, yingakho imoto iyaqala, bese anezinto, noma ngokushesha noma ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile. Lapho futha akusho ukumpompa nhlobo - injini awakwazi. Kuleso simo, uma isizathu ungaphakathi futha, kumele ukhandwa noma ushintshwa ngomunye.
• Ibhethri. Ukuba khona ukungcola namachibi pin ikhebula ibhethri kungaba futhi isizathu esenza imoto anezinto ekuhambeni. Amandla ukwehluleka ohlelweni injini kungadala eyeka. Kubalulekile ukugcina ezikhumulweni ibhethri ahlanzekile.
• generator ukungasebenzi. Ngezinye ukwehluleka generator imoto zonke izinhlaba uqale zidla amandla webhethri, okuholela osenyameni yayo okusheshayo. Ngenxa yalokho, nezitebele zamahhashi imoto ohambeni ke ukuqala emva kwesikhathi esithize uma ibhethri kancane ubuyisela ukushaja. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kungaba liphindwe izikhathi eziningana kuze kube yilapho amandla pack Ibhethri lingashajwa ngokugcwele. Njengoba ukuphahlazeka generator kumelwe ukuxilonga kanye nokulungiswa.
• Ukwehluleka ezengeziwe izinhlelo zokulawula injini nokulawula izinzwa. Esimweni lapho yezingxenye oshiwo ngenhla futhi izinhlelo kungukuthi ezihlobene ukusebenza motor, imbangela yokwehluleka ongakhonza ezihlukahlukene izinzwa. Empeleni labo efakwe izimoto ezingaphezu yesimanje. Uma sithola okuyinto inkinga noma ukungasebenzi, akunakwenzeka ekhaya, udinga ukusebenzisa onguchwepheshe.

Motor anezinto uma ushintshela "neytralku"

ukuthi injini Izizathu nezitebele zamahhashi ngesikhathi engenzi lutho kungenzeka nsé nalezo lapho imoto ihamba. Kodwa kukhona into eyenzeka idling injini.

Ngokuvamile wahlangana inkinga - kuphula umthetho we ukuseviswa idling inzwa kokuba maqondana ngqo ukuze isenzo amandla iyunithi kule modi. Ngokuzimela ukuqinisekisa isimo inzwa kanje. Uma ngesikhathi kuqalwa injini ngeke uqale, kudingeka isikhathi esithile uyisele le isinyathelo igesi wena. Lapho iyunithi iqalisiwe, kumele uthathe unyawo lwakho off the isinyathelo futhi ulawule ijubane lenjini. Uma kunjalo engazinzile kunezinxushunxushu "iflothi", amathuba okuba lowo Inkinga iba ngokungenaphutha inzwa kuphezulu kakhulu. Thina ukuxazulula lolu hlobo ukuhluleka inzwa ngokugeza nge ezivamile WD-40, noma ukufaka entsha.

Isizathu sesibili akunakubangelwa ukuvaleka mpintsha, okuyinto umane kudingeka ukususa.

Ngokukhethekile kufanele ikhokhwe futhi phezu mpintsha isikhundla inzwa. Kungasiza futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi anezinto imoto ohambeni ke uqale.

Ukuze afeze ukususwa kwalolu hlelo umonakalo pretty elula, wena nje esikhundleni inzwa, okuyinto kungenziwa ngokuzimela.

sezulu

Ngenxa yomsebenzi engazinzile yenjini ngesikhathi sokungenzi lutho futhi zihlanganisa izimo zezulu. Umbhali wayevame ukunezela lokhu amandla iyunithi anezinto uma uzama ukuxoxa imoto kubanda, okuyinto nzima kakhulu ukuqaliswa inqubo.

Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, nezitebele zamahhashi umshini negesi at idling ngenxa igesi peremerzaniya gearbox. Lokhu kwenzeka uma injini akuyona wotha uphethiloli kanye gas ngokushesha. Negesi kufaneleka sebefudumele futhi exhunywe ohlelweni ukupholisa. Njengoba umshini ngokwayo namanje kubanda, bese engena igesi reducer ivame ukuba kuphole ngokushintsha ingcindezi senzeka futhi ice ukuvaleka izakhi iphayiphi futhi igiya izingxenye. Lokhu isici akuvumeli injini bangenzi lutho futhi kancane kancane ngaphandle kokuma.

Ukuvimbela ungqoqwane futhi zikhulisa injini kaphethiloli efudumele ukwandisa izinga lokushisa kokupholisayo. Izingcweti kushintshwe ngaphambi kokuqala injini zishise igesi reducer amanzi ashisayo kusukela iketela. Lokhu kuvimbela frosting nisebancane izingxenye imishini igesi kuze injini uye sekuqala ukufudumala.

Izinkinga izimoto carburetor

Ngokuvamile, injini ithoma kalula futhi stably usebenza isikhashana kuzo zonke izindlela, kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi nezitebele zamahhashi ezithile. Engavumelekile olungisiwe carburetor drive kuholela ekwandeni ngokweqile inani fuel engenayo. Ngakho-ke, nezitebele zamahhashi imoto ohambeni ke uqale. Carburetor kuthatha ingxube ngicebe kakhulu okungahambisani okhela ekamelweni amandla omlilo.

Okweqile fuel level ekamelweni carburetor iflothi futhi kungathinta ukusebenza injini. Ngokuyinhloko lokhu misalignment fuel level, odla inaliti valve noma bafake. Lapho elungisa carburetor it is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba esikhundleni kuphela ezinye izakhi zawo, futhi ngokugcwele ukufaka ikhithi ukulungisa, bese kulandela ngokulungisa carburetor.

Kukhona esinye futhi isizathu esenza imoto anezinto ekuhambeni (kuhlanganise Vaz) - a isimo Solenoid valve carburetor. Hlola nokufaneleka walo ulula: kuzomele uvule ukuthungela, bese ususa i-plug kusukela valve bese uxhuma emuva. Uma valve isebenza kahle ngesikhathi uxhumano ezikhumulweni uzozwa ngokuchofoza emzimbeni valve. Lapho ukuchofoza engalandelwa, zama ukufaka kwenye carburetor valve.

umjovo injini

Uma imoto anezinto at idling isivinini, i-injector nakho kungaba imbangela yokwehluleka. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kunomthelela ukuphazamiseka uphethiloli ingxube ekwakhekeni, ukuphazamiseka nokudisishaja ukusivumela emoyeni kule ezininginingi engayitholi ngemva edonsa emoyeni inzwa.

Ukushintsha elilungile mpintsha isikhundla futhi ukwehluleka inzwa umoya-mpilo. Odla we injectors fuel nophethiloli ingena ingcindezi enganele kanye ukuhlukumeza futha fuel, uphethiloli isihlungi odla, ephukile ingcindezi Regulator kungathinta yokuthi nezitebele zamahhashi imoto ohambeni. Izizathu ingase ecasha injini uhlelo Ukupholisa, ikakhulukazi, i incubator. Uma unephutha, ukungabi okungenzeka injini gaphambi ukuba izinga lokusebenza. Nokho, lokho kusebenza kuwo wonke izinjini. I kuhlulekile kokupholisayo lokushisa inzwa kungase ngokungalungile ukwazisa on-ebhodini ikhompyutha isimo lokushisa kokupholisayo futhi ngaleyo ndlela ziphazamisa operation evamile amandla iyunithi.

control unit

Kukhona kungenzeka ukuthi injini eyeka ngenxa yokuhluleka ku electronic control unit. ukufakwa okungafanele zohlelo noma ukuhluleka kwawo ngesikhathi ukusetshenziswa kubangela izinkinga ezihlukahlukene control injini izinhlelo. Lapho le nkinga kungenzeka nge PERIODICITY ezithile noma lapho beshintsha izimo zokusebenza uma ushayela. Yingakho nezitebele zamahhashi imoto ohambeni, ngisho Mechanics ukusebenza.

kulethe

A kulethe ezingcolile futhi okuyiphutha futhi kungathinta ukusebenza injini. Ukunquma avimbekile kulethe noma cha, ulula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga i ezinhle kulungele injini, kuyinto efiselekayo ngesivinini ephakeme. Khona-ke, ngisemgodini izohlola kudivayisi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izibani ezengeziwe - uma umuntu ukukhanya, kusho ukuthi anakho ebhuqwini maqembu ezimbi amagesi qeda.

Lapho anezinto umshini ebaleka ke ukuqala ( "Ngaphambi", isibonelo) - inkinga ingase abacathama EGR umphini (R1406 iphutha). Uma valve qeda is washaya isikhundla isigamu-evulekile, motor ngeke ukuthuthukisa umthamo wayo ngokugcwele, futhi kungenzeka Itafula ngesivinini aphansi. Lapho, ngo-Cha, kunalokho yavalwa njalo, ngesikhathi ephakeme igijimisa injini kuyoba engazinzile futhi zicace.

Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke Pressure Inzwa

Ukuhluleka kwako ungafaka isicelo kwikhompyutha ukusebenza, ayihambisani injini. Inzwa ingcindezi alinganise cleaner echibini, a control unit kuncuma umthwalo izici isitshalo amandla, bese kuphela computer ulungisa elikhulu ingxube kumiswa. Futhi uma imoto anezinto sendleleni, izimbangela kungaba ngenxa lemali asanele noma ngokweqile ingxube uphethiloli adingekayo ukusebenza evamile phakathi imithwalo ehlukahlukene nemibandela.

ngezikhathi ungaziki

Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa kungenzeka ngenxa yokuhluleka ohlelweni ukuthungela. Uma ukunyakaza kungenzeka ukuphazamiseka zesiphithiphithi isusa ngesikhathi plugs inhlansi, nokunye okunjalo ku ethile, futhi zonke ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ayikho inhlansi kungenzeka eziholela umisiwe iyunithi.

Uma nezitebele zamahhashi umshini ekuhambeni ke ukuqala (2112 th umkhonyovu kanye), khona-ke izizathu ezijwayeleke kakhulu yilena elandelayo: ukwehluleka futhi khona umswakamo ikhoyili ukuthungela, ukulimala inzwa crankshaft isikhundla futhi module ukuthungela, ukwehluleka nokuphepha elawula izinhlelo izinzwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele sinake isimo izintambo nokuxhumana ezingakubangela sabangela ukunqamuka kukagesi.

Kakhulu akuvamile anezinto imoto ethutha ke ukuqala ngenxa okuyiphutha isivinini inzwa imoto.

imishini ozikhethela

Njengomthetho, isivinini esitebeleni kakhulu izimoto ehlaselwe iinthombe compressor air conditioner. Isikhathi esining impela kwenzeka ngesikhathi ongaphakeme futhi lutho. Kusukela conditioner emoyeni ibusa esiningi namandla, i-control unit kutshela uhlelo ugesi ukuze wandise ivolumu ingxube fuel ukwandisa isivinini kokungenzi lutho olungaba isinxephezelo nokulahlekelwa amandla sokudliwa air conditioning.

Kodwa lapho umfutho we ukufakwa conditioner emoyeni awufiki iyunithi electronic ngenxa yokuhluleka ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-module computer futhi kudivayisi, control unit akakwazi ukuhlola isimo futhi uphalafini. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuzinza isivinini idling iphazamisekile kuze kube isikhathi lapho imoto is ungaziki ngokuphelele.

zokuxazulula inkinga

Thola ukuthi kungani imoto anezinto ngesivinini lutho, bese uqale, udinga igxathu negxathu, ucabangela ukuthi kungenzeka umonakalo noma efanele amasistimu ezithile futhi izingxenye imoto. Kulula kakhulu ukwenza lokhu uma inkinga kusobala noma kakade ajwayelekile.

Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amathiphu okunganikeza on-ebhodini ikhompyutha ngesimo izinhlelo ngephutha amakhodi ezithile. Lapho inkinga ongaphakeme futhi itholakala engxenyeni mechanical, ke luqedwe ekhaya, esikhundleni izakhi ezingafanele. Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho ukwehluleka kwenzeka ngokunembile ingxenye electronics nabakhuthele akunakwenzeka, kubalulekile lokwenza ukuxilongwa ku zezitsha ekhethekile ku avtoobsluzhivaniya iziteshi.