Kuyaqina of nezidingo

Okunjalo yizinkomba zezomnotho efana funa, ukuthengisela kanye intengo kukhona izakhi eyinhloko emakethe. Kuyinto ekusebenzelaneni kwabo futhi yakha indlela emakethe, okungase umelwe inyunyana abathengi kanye nabathengisi esebumba kwaneliswe isidingo of izimpahla.

Ngakho, funa kunqunywa inani elithile imikhiqizo, ukuthenga zazo ikhasimende ngalinye ethile inenani izinkomba ezifanayo isikhathi esithile. Amaphuzu ayinhloko kulesi definition yilezi: khona ethile intengo ngesilinganiso futhi isikhathi esithile. Ngenxa yoshintsho amanani ebuzwa. Kuyinto lesi sitatimende futhi ichaza umthetho isidingo.

Isiphakamiso kungenzeka idluliselwe ngendlela ethile umkhiqizo ilungele ukwenza amabhizinisi ukuqaliswa eminye ngentengo fixed kusuka esibalweni esithile amanani esikhathini esithize.

umthetho Ekhona bahlinzeka okwaziyo ukubonisa okusobala iziphakamiso intengo ushintsho. Ngamanye amazwi, amanani kuqhathaniswa okusezingeni eliphezulu nomthelela iqiniso lokuthi sipho umenzi imikhiqizo yabo, futhi ongaphakeme - kunalokho, aphansi. Uma sinquma lapho kuvezwa umkhiqizo othize, inhlangano ibhizinisi ubophekile ukuba bekuqhathanisa intengo iyunithi ngayinye izindleko zawo.

Igama elithi "kuyaqina ukuze kwaneliswe isidingo iyona ngentengo" is ngqo exhumene isidingo imikhiqizo ethile, kuye ngokuthi ezingeni amanani abo. Yingakho kuyaqina intengo nezidingo libonisa ukwencika kubathengi izinguquko intengo. Ukulinganisa Coefficient yayo ehambisana isetshenziswa.

I Coefficient kuyaqina ongabonisa iphesenti zizoshintsha ubukhulu ukufunwa umkhiqizo uma intengo yayo izinguquko ngamaphesenti angu-1.

Kuyaqina of nezidingo ingabalwa by ifomula elandelayo:

Ep = (-ΔQd (%)) / (ΔP (%)),

lapho Ep - kuyaqina of nezidingo maqondana intengo;

ΔQd - izinguquko ukubiza noma kagesi (ngenzuzo kuphesenteji);

ΔP - ushintsho intengo (ngenzuzo kuphesenteji).

Uma sicabange amagugu isihlobo of amafomula ohambelana, kuyaqina ukuze kwaneliswe isidingo iyona ingabalwa kanje:

Ep = ((Q1 - Q0) / (Q1 + Q0)): ((P1 - P0) / (P1 + P0)),

lapho Q1, Q0 - ukunikezela noma ukufuna ngaphambi nangemva ushintsho intengo;

P1, P0 - intengo, ezithathwe ngaphambi nangemva ushintsho.

Ngokwandisa intengo ivolumu isidingo kancane kancane. Ukuze ugweme amagugu ongathandeki ifomula ngenhla, ukubaluleka Coefficient kumelwe athathe amagugu ngokuphelele.

Lapho nezidingo elasticities obungaphezulu kwento eyodwa, ukwanda okufunekayo ukwenqaba noma iyiphi ukunikela amanani ngokushesha. Inani lale isilinganiso ingaphansi koyedwa kusho inelasticity isidingo, lapho iconsi noma ukunikezela funa ukukhula kancane ngaphandle kokuya intengo ushintsho.

Factor ubunye - inketho ephelele nganoma yisiphi umnotho ephawula ibhalansi jikelele zonke izinqubo zezomnotho esimweni.

Futhi ezifundweni ze-theory, kukhona welithi "ngokuphelele inelastic" (uma ushintsho intengo akusho kuhilelani yiziphi izinguquko eziphelayo noma ufune, isilinganiso sakhona elilingana no-0), kanye "kuyaqina ngokuphelele ukuze kwaneliswe isidingo iyona" (I-ngokwanele encane funa ushintsho intengo kanye sipho kudlulela infinity).

Ukubhekwa Coefficient kuyaqina luyobe lungaphelele uma ungenawo unake zezici zinethonya kuyaqina of nezidingo, okuyilezi:

- ukuba khona analogue (azithathi komkhiqizo wangempela ngaphezulu, kuyaqina isidingo ke);

- isabelo ukusetshenziswa izimpahla (aphansi amandla adonsela phansi ethize, ephansi kuyaqina kwaneliswe isidingo);

- ukubaluleka imali;

- isigaba kwezimpahla (ukuthi kungokwalabo izimpahla okunethezeka - funa kuba nokunwebeka, noma izinto ezibalulekile angenalutho - kukhona inelasticity isidingo).