Kuban Cossack sebutho: umlando, izithombe

Ubuciko impi bekulokhu kuyingxenye sasivumela abalulekile Amaqembu abantu amaningi nezizwe. Phela, njengoba nje umuntu wathatha induku ezandleni zakhe, waqala ukusebenzisa amandla akhe ukuze nginqobe zazo siqu. Lolu thando ubudlova negative yahlupha isintu kuwo wonke umlando. Leli qiniso kwaholela yokuthi isizwe ngasinye sasinothisha esihlukile zamaqhawe, efaneleyo esikhethekile unya.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi endaweni kwamazwe Slavic babukhona enjalo lombhalo abangophakimpi. umlando wabo ngempela ezithakazelisayo, unikezwa iqiniso lokuthi banamuhla Russia, Ukraine, eBelarus nakwamanye amazwe CIS babe njalo ukulwa ukuze badlondlobale indawo phakathi ahlukene. Ngakho, njalo izingxabano zempi kakhulu omnene abahlala sabantu ethulwa.

Uma sikhuluma ngokukhethekile mayelana Russian Federation, esimweni samanje omphakathi edume kunazo wezempi kukhona Kuban Cossacks. Ukudalwa yalesi sixuku kwenziwa iminyaka, futhi imisebenzi yabo bayaphila kube yilolu suku namanje.

Lesi sihloko sizodingida ezigabeni yesiteleka kakhulu ekukhuleni Kuban Cossacks, kanye imininingwane ukwakheka wezempi.

Bobani Kuban Cossacks?

Umlando Kuban Cossack Army kuhlehlela emuva ezikhathini zakudala kakhulu. Namuhla ukwethula lonke emlandweni ubufakazi bokuba khona kwalesi ukwakheka wezempi kunzima, ngoba wawusasebenza endaweni WaseRussia, okuzoxoxwa kamuva esihlokweni. Nokho, uma sihlola amaqiniso omlando, le Kuban Cossack Host - kungcono ingxenye yonke Cossacks eMbusweni isiRashiya, eyayisekelwe eNorth Caucasus. Ngamanye amazwi, indima eyadlalwa Ukwakheka kwezitho onogada eziphambili.

Emithonjeni yomlando kuyaziwa ukuthi ekomkhulu lamabutho we Kuban Cossacks owawuseJudiya Ekaterinodar (igama yesimanje komuzi - Krasnodar). Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ibutho Kuban Cossack kwaba iqembu ejwayelekile lempi, esinye sezici we ibutho Empire isiRashiya, kwakhiwa uhlanga lwabo ngesikhathi kwesisekelo salo. Leli qiniso kusivumela ukukhuluma namuhla mayelana Cossacks hhayi kuphela njengoba amasosha, kodwa njengoba ubuzwe ahlukene, kanye abaseRussia, Chechens, Kazakhs, nokunye. N.

Umlando sokudalwa

Cossacks kwezinhloko zamaviyo Kuban Cossack ekuqaleni hhayi eyohlobo mass alwa yobuhlanga esimweni sazo. Ngempela, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, umlando walesi Ukwakheka kubenzima. Kuban Cossack ibutho kwamiswa amaqembu amaningana Cossacks, okuyinto maphakathi nekhulu XVIII babebaningi eMbusweni Russian.

Yiqiniso, okhokho baso Kuban Cossack regiments kudingeka kufanele kubhekwe Zaporozhye Cossacks, eyabonakala ekhulwini XVI. Njengoba sazi, base ekuqaleni ngokusekelwe indawo ye-Ukraine yesimanje, ku esiqhingini Khortytsya, okuyinto etholakala eduze idolobha lesimanje lase-Zaporozhye. Ngemva kwalokho Zaporozhye Cossacks baye zibe usongo kungani umbuso waseRoma wawunamandla, ngenxa ehlelekile ukwakheka wezempi yaphenduka abavamile lomphangi iqembu. Ngakho-ke, ekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII Cossacks njengoba enjalo ithole isimo "ngaphandle komthetho." Nokho, leli qiniso akazange abe iphuzu lokugcina ekuthuthukiseni indlela okwakheke ngayo enjalo.

Black Sea Cossacks

Ngo-1774, uMbuso Russian uthola kwakungelula ukungena oLwandle Olumnyama. Kulesi sigaba, Turkey akuseyona usongo, futhi Rzeczpospolita, omunye uthi amakhulu kunawo wonke endaweni entshonalanga, kwaba on the esengozini kokuwa ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, isidingo nokugcinwa we Cossacks endaweni yabo mlando ungasawusebenzisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka idatha ekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII laqala phakathi izakhiwo lomphangi. Ubufakazi leli qiniso iwukugcina Cossacks we Pugachev ukuhlubuka. Ngakho, ngo-1775 kwanqunywa ukuba ugcwalise ukubhujiswa Zaporizhzhya Sich futhi bonke abakhileyo kulo. Kulesi ukubhuqwa bakwazi ukusinda Cossacks ayizinkulungwane 12 kuphela, abangena kamuva wabalekela umlomo iDanube.

Amasosha Cossacks abaqotho

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukubonakala Transdanubian Sich waba qinile zakuzakwana ngoba Turkey, okuyinto usezuze amandla ezingeziwe abayizinkulungwane 12. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, Russian Empire, ngibona usongo izithakazelo zabo indawo eNingizimu kwamandla, ukuyeka umsebenzi ukuvalwa kwe-Cossacks. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1787, uGregory Potemkin kudala Army Cossacks ezithembekileko amalungu ngaphambilini ababeshushiswa okufanayo negama regiments. Ngosizo lwabo umbuso Russian namandla hhayi kuphela eningizimu, kodwa futhi uwina umkhankaso Russian-Turkish zeminyaka 1787-1792.

Ukudalwa Kuban Cossacks

I Kuban Cossack Usokhaya, izithombe ethulwa sihloko, wabunjwa ngomnyaka ka-1792. Ngemva umkhankaso Russian-Turkish e-dolobha yoMbuso wase-Russian wathumela amanxusa, iholwa yijaji yoLwandle Olumnyama wakhululwa amabutho Anton Holovaty. Ithimba sebuqoqiwe ukuze sicele "ohlanga ukukhanyiselwa" kwaleli zwe ngenxa Izindawo we Black Sea Cossacks. Izinkulumo yayiqhutshelwa phakathi kukaMashi noMeyi 1792. "Umholi" ezingxenyeni ezikude zombuso wayengafuni ukunikela Cossacks ezingomakhelwane Taman nezwe ku ibhange kwesokudla Kuban. Kulokhu, ukuma uhulumeni imperial wawucacile - ukwenqena ukudala onjalo Cossacks ekwakhekeni, okungase nganoma isiphi isikhathi ukuletha. Nokho, isivumelwano nokho izuzwe. Ngakho, kusukela 1792, lo regiments Kuban Cossack amabutho baqala ukuhlala endaweni Taman futhi Kuban. Lezi amazwe baphiwa "ngayiphi indlela olusezandleni angunaphakade ngofuzo," okuyinto ngokuvamile waqinisekisa ukuba khona kwe-Kuban Cossacks namuhla.

Umlando Cossacks komugqa

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ibutho Kuban Cossack kwamiswa hhayi kuphela evela oLwandle Olumnyama Cossacks. Ukwakheka Kuban ibutho kwakuhlanganisa okubizwa ngokuthi "Cossacks komugqa", okuyinto baye baba yingxenye kumiswa amakhulu empi ngo-1860. Nokho, umlando zaseCaucasia komugqa ibutho Cossack kuhlehlela emuva phakathi nekhulu xv. Sikakhokho we regiments umugqa babe Khoperskaya Cossacks.

Umlando Khoperskaya regiments

Khoperskaya Cossacks waphila endaweni Hopper emfuleni futhi Bear nge 1444. Kodwa ekhulwini XVIII idatha regiments baqala ukuvukela igunya le nkosi uPetru I. basabela ngokushesha futhi enobudlova.

Esikhathini kusuka 1708 kuya 1716 ezindaweni phakathi kwalezi emifuleni empeleni akekho wahlala. Nokho, ngo-1716 wabuyela lapha regiments Cossack, ababengamalungu eqembu le-iMpi Northern. Ukuze anamandla wezempi phakathi nempi Sweden Khoperskaya Cossacks bavunyelwa ukwakha inqaba yabo ezweni mlando. Ngemva kwalokho, ibutho ngakho ithuthukiswe kuleyo ngxenye wayiswa North eCaucasus ukuze kuvikeleke kwemingcele Empire Russian. Futhi ngo-1860, njengoba kuboniswe ngaphambili, le ngxenye Cossack ibutho liye lahunyushelwa le Kuban ukwakheka wezempi.

Isigaba samanje yentuthuko Kuban Cossacks

Kuban Cossack ibutho ukhona kuze kube yilolu suku ezindaweni zakhona ezabelwe, okuyinto zanikezelwa kubo ekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII. Lokhu kumiswa lempi udlala onogada Undercover. Kufanele kuqashelwe iqiniso lokuthi Kuban Cossacks babe kubahlanganyeli kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala futhi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. I last isikhathi zomlando, eyaqala ngo-1945, ngokuyinhloko waqeda kanjalo nendima yaso Cossacks emkhakheni okungamele ukuphathwa komphakathi kanye namasevisi. Noma kunjalo, ukwakhiwa akekho yahlakazeka, ngisho ne imfundiso zezombusazwe zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

Ataman we Kuban Cossack Army kuwo wonke umlando ukhona wonke amabutho sivikele amalungelo abantu bakhe, okuyinto ngo-1945 kwaba kakade kungenzeka ukuqamba besizwe ahlukene ngokuphelele. Ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, Russian Federation senziwa inyunyana imiphakathi Cossack ukuze sithuthukise ungubani nokukhazinyuliswa we anabambalwa ngokohlanga isimo. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kukhona inhlangano efana Kuban Cossack Army Society (KVKO).

KVKO

KVKO nomlando wayo iqala ngo-1990. Isikhulu lokuqala enhlanganweni wamabutho kwakuyinto uVladimir Gromov. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amakhono ukulwa amayunithi KVKO kuyinto ezingeni eliphezulu. Ubufakazi lokhu iqhaza izinhlangano ezishiwo impi Isi-Abkhazian. Ngo-1993, KVKO division lokuqala engena emzini Sukhumi. Kamuva Kuban Cossack ibutho kwahlanganiswa "Registered Cossacks we Russian Federation." Lokhu kusho ukuthi umsebenzi KVKO waba zomthetho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona zobungoma we Kuban Cossack Army futhi isakhiwo eziyingqayizivele umphakathi. Kuze kube manje, le nhlangano kudlala indima komthetho okukhulu, kunokuba igunya lempi.

Wendawo isakhiwo KVKO

Kuban Cossack Army Umphakathi oyiyo indawo, okusikisela kwakuyisenzakalo esiphawulekayo hhayi nje ngobe kutawutfutfukisa nenhlangano iyonke, kodwa futhi umsebenzi wayo. Kuze kube manje KVKO isakhiwo siqukethe amayunithi elandelayo indawo:

1. Eosky Cossack Division.
2. ZaseCaucasia Cossack Division.
3. Taman Cossack Division.
4. Yekaterinodar Cossack Division.
5. umnyango Maykop Cossack.
6. Batalpashinsk Cossack Division.
7. Black Sea Cossack District.
8. Sukhumi ekhethekile Cossack Division.

Lesi sakhiwo ivumela KVKO ukuzivocavoca komthetho kwabo imisebenzi ngokuyimpumelelo futhi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Isiko Kuban Cossacks

Ngaphezu indima eqakathekileko yomsebenzi wehlelo wemboni lempi Russian Federation Kuban Cossacks kuyinto yobuhlanga kumiswa ngempela ezithakazelisayo emphakathini. amasiko wayo esukela emuva le Zaporozhye Cossacks. fighters Kuban usondele ngokwanele zamasiko nge Ukraine yomdabu. Kukhona uhlobo Cossack Kuban Cossack Army, ukuklanywa nakho okuye kwakhiwa ngokomlando.

Leli phephandaba wethulwa Kuban Cossack ibutho. Umsuka ukwakheka kanye ohlakeni lwale nhlangano itholakala ngokuba sibuyele emuva esikhathini khona we Cossacks, ngubani, eqinisweni, baba okhokho baso Kuban ibutho. Lokhu kumiswa yobuhlanga sisasebenza ensimini ka Russia yesimanje. Ake bathemba ukuthi isiqhingi isiko lwesiSlavic ngeke ilahleke e ekujuleni ubudala!