Kuyini conceptualism? Lokhu raztsionalizma zamagama nge empiricism

Ingabe uyazi ukuthi conceptualism? Lena ngenye yezindawo wefilosofi esikoleni. Ngokusho lokhu imfundiso ukubonakaliswa cognition iza kanye nakho, kodwa akuveli isipiliyoni. Conceptualism kungabuye umelwe synthesis rationalism futhi empiricism. Igama elithi livela egameni lesi Latin conceptus, okusho ukuthi umqondo, umqondo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kule Yiqiniso zefilosofi, liphinde movement zamasiko ukuthi kwavela kwekhulu lama-20.

abameleli conceptualism

Peter Abelard, amabili John - Duns Scotus futhi Salisbury, John Duns, John Locke - zonke lezi zefilosofi ihlanganisa conceptualism. Lawa zefilosofi abakholelwa ukuthi imibono evame ukubuzwa yibo bonke, kwenzeka ngesikhathi yokufuna okuhlangenwe nakho ngamunye. Okungukuthi, kuze sibhekene nale noma lowo mkhuba, asiqondi ngokuyisisekelo lokhu noma lokhuya izinkinga jikelele. Ngokwesibonelo, ngenkathi siye singakazalwa nakuzalwa ukungabi nabulungisa, ngeke baqonde okushiwo ubulungisa. By endleleni, lo mbono kabanzi endaweni zokudala - conceptualism 'ubhedu kwezobuciko, ikakhulukazi imidwebo. Ecwebezelayo omele kakhulu lakhe liphakathi abaculi Dzhozef Koshut, futhi phakathi abaculi - Henry Flint.

art lomqondo

Dzhozef Koshut wakuchaza okushiwo lo mbono endaweni rethinking ephelele ukusebenza imisebenzi yobuciko namasiko jikelele bebonke. Wagomela ukuthi art ungamandla imibono, kodwa noma kunjalo hhayi yezinto ezibonakalayo. Ukwakheka lakhe! "Enye indoda nezihlalo ezintathu", okuyinto eqeda ngo-1965, waba isibonelo zakudala conceptualism. Umdwebo lomqondo libhekisela hhayi umbono engokomoya nengokomzwelo kwalokho okuvezwa nakubona ukukuqonda ngu intelligence. Ngo art lomqondo nomqondo imisebenzi yobuciko, noma kungaba umdwebo noma incwadi noma zomculo indalo, kubaluleke ngaphezu lubonakaliswa ngokomzimba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi injongo eyinhloko art amanga ngokungenaphutha ukudluliselwa imicabango nemibono. By the way, izinto lomqondo kungaba izinhlobo yesimanje imisebenzi, ezifana izithombe, ividiyo noma izinto alalelwayo, nokunye. D.

Conceptualism zobuciko

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, omunye abameleli ngemibono lokhu kuthambekela umculi Marsel Dyushan (France). Wayelethwa ukulungiselela isikhathi eside, "inhlabathi" ukuze umqondo ophathelene nokuthile ezimele, ukudala ngomumo mades. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke kuzo wadalwa umculi ngo-1917, "Umthombo" -pissuar. By endleleni, it yethulwa embukisweni eyayihlelelwe Abaculi Independent e-New York. Yini wafuna ukubonisa umsebenzi wakhe Duchamp? Urinal - into evamile esetshenziswa izinjongo sanitary futhi ihlanzekile. Uma kwenziwa efektri, it is Yiqiniso, asikwazi ziyimisebenzi art. Nokho, uma indalo yayo kwaba umdali, umculi, le urinal eyeka ukuba izinto zasekhaya ezivamile, ngoba uhlukile, has ubuhle nezici umbono isetshenzisiwe ukwakha kuwo. Kafushane, conceptualism - ukunqoba imibono imizwelo. Lokhu kwenza a abalulekile umkhiqizo othize.

conceptualism Russian

Lokhu ukuhamba zefilosofi kwezobuciko kwenzeka ngo eRussia, ikakhulu eMoscow. Yaqala ubuciko olungekho emthethweni zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa ngasekuqaleni 70-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule. Nokho, le nkulumo eMoscow Conceptualism sekukhona kancane kamuva, ngo-1979, ngesandla ukukhanya Borisa Groysa, esanyatheliswa kumagazini i-"Kusukela A to Z," Esihlokweni esithi "zothando conceptualism eMoscow." It has amagatsha amabili: literaturotsentrichnuyu nokuhlaziya.

Izibonelo art lomqondo

Umsebenzi wokuqala omkhulu kule isiqondiso, embukisweni ngo-1953, umsebenzi 'kusulwe umdwebo Qing Robert Rauschenberg sika ". Vuma ke, igama ngajwayelekile for isici isampuli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nawu umbuzo: ubani umbhali waleli umsebenzi - noma Qing Rauschenberg? Into wukuthi ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile ngemva kokudalwa kuka-lesi sibalo Willem de Kooning-om Robert Milton Ernest Rauschenberg kusulwe futhi okufakiwe ngomsebenzi wabo. Ingqikithi isinyathelo sakhe sasesisiliswa wabizela yisifiso inselelo umqondo art bendabuko. Wayengumuntu umsekeli ngomumo eyenziwe - imisinga kuNkhundla imidwebo, lapho akunandaba ukuthi ubani umbhali yokuqala ebalulekile umphumela wokugcina, okungukuthi umbono, okuyinto linamathele umkhiqizo wadala. Isibonelo ezisobala kakhulu collage ngomumo eyenziwe ababuthelwa kusukela izinsalela izingoma ezahlukene. Enye omele umsinga Iv Kleyn kwaba nombhali "hydrostatic Paris ebaziwe". Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwathatha 1001 Balloons wawabeka esibhakabhakeni phezu Paris. Lokhu kwakwenziwa ukukhangisa embukisweni at Le Weiden.

isiphetho

Ngakho, umsunguli wale nhlangano ubhekwa Marsel Dyushan. Nguye wasikisela ukuba incazelo yalokho kubalulekile zobuciko akuyona into, kodwa umbono. Akunandaba umphumela wokugcina, aesthetics zayo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi ubani umbhali kanye kwaba okushiwo imibono yakhe. Kafushane, conceptualism - kuba umkhuba imidwebo, izincwadi, umculo, ubuciko ngokuvamile, elisebenza kakhulu engaqondakali umbukeli, umfundi, umlaleli noma ziqondakala ngamunye ngendlela ekhethekile.