Kuyini namangqamuzana ezinzwa motor?

Motor neuron kuyinto cell, okuyinto yena, unesibopho umsebenzi imisipha. Ngenxa ukubhujiswa amaseli esinjalo amandla, futhi imisipha esincunzayo. Motor Neurone Izifo - isifo esingalapheki ekugcineni kuholela ekufeni isiguli.

izimpawu

Iziguli namangqamuzana ezinzwa kabani motor ungaphakathi kusaqalwa ekuhlehleni, engazizwa izimpawu express. Nokho, kukhona ezinye izimpawu kokuqala izindawo elivela kuzo isifo: isiguli kukhona ubuthaka imisipha, kuba nzima ukuhambisa bese ugcine ibhalansi. Ngokuvamile kukhona izinkinga kanye nokugwinya. Hard ukugcina iyiphi into, ngisho hhayi kakhulu ezisindayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimpawu ziba evelele. Kwezinye izimo, le namangqamuzana ezinzwa motor kungenziwa bafikelwe ngesandla esisodwa, kodwa kamuva zokugula kudlulela kokubili nasemilenzeni. Kwezinye iziguli lesi sifo eba nokuquleka. Lokhu uphawu ibonisa ukuthi lilimele ephansi-motor neuron. Inani elikhulu leziguli nale ukukhathala Ihlahlubo buthakathaka kwezicubu kwenzeka kuphela imilenze nezingalo, kodwa umkhuba kukhona izimo yokukhathala ebusweni nomphimbo imisipha, okuholela nobunzima ukugwinya. Iningi leziguli, ngisho emabangeni ngasekupheleni lesi sifo ukugcina ikhono ukucabanga ngokucacile. Lesi sifo aluthelelwana noma viral, abakwazi abangenwe abanye, kodwa nivame isifo se-motor neuron ngamadoda abaneminyaka engu-40 kuya ku-70. Isilinganiso sobude bokuphila kwabantu nale Ihlahlubo Kungenzeka kukaningi uqondane isilinganiso sobude bokuphila umuntu enempilo. Ososayensi benza ucwaningo, wabe usuthola ukuthi abantu abayizinkulungwane 100 kunamaseli 6 kuphela abaphethwe yilesi sifo.

Izimbangela zesifo

Izizathu okubonakalisa le isifo namanje impikiswano phakathi ongoti bezokwelapha osingathe. Ngenxa yalokho, akukho impendulo ecacile yalo mbuzo, futhi akucaci, yingakho kukhona lesi sifo. On the izimbangela zesifo lufakwa phambili iziphakamiso ezimbalwa. Omunye wabo - umthelela amagciwane, ubuthi izinto eziyingozi imvelo. Okwesibili, izimbangela uzakuthathwa - zofuzo, okungukuthi khona mutating isakhi emikhayeni.

Motor isifo namangqamuzana ezinzwa kungavuka amafomu ahlukahlukene kanye ukuzibonakalisa ngezindlela ezahlukene. njalo Single emlandweni lesi sifo yokuthi zonke izinhlobo kanye nezinhlobo busebenze obonakaliswe ukonakala kwazo Izinzwa we umgogodla kanye nobuchopho. The main izifo namangqamuzana ezinzwa kukhona amyotrophic sclerosis lateral, eyinhloko lateral sclerosis okuqhubekayo yoma kwemisipha, pseudobulbar palsy, futhi umgogodla yoma kwemisipha. Enye yezimbangela zalesi sifo izingane kungaba isifo yegciwane - uvendle noma ukukhubazeka kwezinsana.

Yesifo sokuwohloka kwezinzwa nemisipha

Kuyinto uhlobo isifo se-motor neuron. Lalimelela ngobuthakathaka imisipha yoma, sivame ukuba khona izandla, kodwa kungase futhi sibonise ezinyaweni. Izimpawu zokuqala zingase zihluke, kodwa bese ziba engalingani. Nge ukuqhubeka kwesifo avele izimpawu ebonakalayo, okungukuthi Izinzwa ka emgogodleni kuthiwa buthaka kakhulu kunokuningi imbangela ukuphumula kwemisipha emzimbeni. Ifomu okuqhubekayo sifo zihlala zinjalo nje abanye imisebenzi. Lokhu ukuchama elawulwa, ukunyakaza yokuzithandela we zamehlo futhi ukuzwela. Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi abantu-50% kuphela abantu ngale ndlela isifo bangaphila iminyaka engaba ngu-30, ingxenye esele uxove ku uhla kusuka eminyakeni 3 kuya ku-10, kuye ngezinga of ukwanda kwalesi sifo.

Primary lateral sclerosis

Olunye uhlobo isifo se-motor neuron. Le ndlela lesi sifo kuhambisana ukuhlafuna kahle lapho uvuleka ukudla, kanye nemphimiso angahleliwe. Okungenzeka iziyaluyalu ingqondo ezifana okungalindelekile nohleko ongalawuleki noma, kungenjalo, ekhala. Iziguli eziningi nale fomu bengahambi iminyaka emithathu.

Progressive yoma umgogodla

Lolu hlobo motor neuron isifo kwenzeka kuphela abadala, ezibucayi intercalated motor neuron yakhe ihleli kahle. Lona fomu abaqotho kakhulu nesenzakalo isifo. Wathola kuphela abaseminyakeni engaphezu kuka-25 no-10% we amacala luthathwe.

Progressive bulbar palsy

Lesi sifo kwenzeka ingasaphathwa njalo kunalena eyedlule. It kuhambisana kokunqotshwa kuphela phezulu izinzwa. Lesi sifo kubonakala kancane kancane futhi iqala ukuba buthakathaka kwezicubu imisipha zibe. Lesi sifo kungavuka iminyaka eminingi, kancane kancane ngokuletha isiguli ukukhubazeka egcwele.