Supermassive Black Hole esikhungweni kuyi-Milky Way. Supermassive Black Hole in the OJ 287 Quasar

Muva nje, isayensi iye yenza kwaba zaziwa ezithile yini ukuhlelwa kwesikhala sezinhlamvu. Kodwa ososayensi baye ngokulambisa asebenzelana ngayo lo mkhuba yonke bawa off entsha, eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi eyinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu: ukuhlelwa kwesikhala sezinhlamvu supermassive, okuyinto omnyama, futhi abanye ngeke uqambe, kodwa akhangayo emhlophe. Kungani? Futhi ngoba definition epha engxenyeni emaphakathi yomthala ngalinye, okuyinto sikhanya kanye kukhanya. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uthole lapho, futhi ngaphezu black, akukho kwesokunxele. Hlobo luni puzzle lokhu?

Memo mayelana izimbobo omnyama

seliqalile kwezinkanyezi - It is ukuthi ukuhlelwa kwesikhala sezinhlamvu elula eyaziwa. Ngezinye isigaba esithile khona amandla adonsela phansi abe ukwanda prohibitively, kuyilapho engaba uhlala ingashintshiwe. Nakuba ngaphambili inkanyezi "okuncane", futhi yena esakhula, kodwa manje amabutho basuke bagxila enkabeni yalo, waqala ukuheha zonke ezinye izingxenye. imiphetho yayo "awe phansi" phakathi nendawo, ukwakha Amazing amandla nciphisa ukuthi bese kuba umgodi omnyama. Lezi "inkanyezi zangaphambili" akazange abe mahle, futhi ngokuphelele izinto ngaphandle ongabonakali kwi-universe. Kodwa abasakwazi obonakalayo njengoba ukuncela cishe yiyo yonke into ingena engaba yabo okudonsa izinto. Akwaziwa ukuthi yini yasisiza onjalo umkhathizwe mcimbi. Ngesisekelo amaqiniso, noma yini eyingcuba Amandla adonsela phansi yiwo ezinkulukazi ngakho ngokoqobo olwembiza. Nokho, muva nje, hhayi kuphela endabeni eqanjiwe, kodwa ososayensi banamathele embonweni wokuthi kungaba uhlobo Imigudu cosmic bahambe amabanga amade.

Uyini Quasar

Lezi izakhiwo Supermassive Black Hole, ngamanye amazwi, lo Quasar. Lona umnyombo emthaleni, okuyinto unenkambu super-ezinamandla okudonsa okukhona ngezithukuthuku isisindo salo (izigidi noma izigidigidi uquqaba welanga). Isimiso kwetinhlavu izimbobo supermassive black nje kwakungenakwenzeka ukusungula. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, isizathu ukuwohloka okunjalo kukhona ecindezeleke kakhulu igesi amafu, igesi okuyinto flat kakhulu, futhi lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu. Le nguqulo yesibili - iyona anyuswe kwabo ezahlukene elincane elimnyama izimbobo, izinkanyezi amafu esikhungweni ezivamile gravity.

umthala wethu

I Supermassive Black Hole esikhungweni ye-Milky Way akufakwanga isigaba enamandla kakhulu. Iqiniso lokuthi emthaleni ngokwayo has a isakhiwo Kuvunguza, okuyinto yena, wenza konke abahlanganyeli ukuba motion njalo, futhi ishesha ngokwanele. Ngakho, amandla adonsela phansi ukuthi angase wagxila kuphela ku Quasar, njengoba bachitheka, kusukwa ukuba ukwanda core ngokulinganayo. Akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi esimweni okweqanda noma, bathi, imithala okungajwayelekile, izinto ngenye indlela. On the "emaphethelweni" isikhala liphele kakhulu, amaplanethi nezinkanyezi neze ukuhambisa. Kodwa kule Quasar ngokwawo ngokoqobo ukuphila bandile.

Amapharamitha Quasar Milky Way

Ukusebenzisa indlela umsakazo interferometry, abacwaningi bakwazi ukubala nesisindo se-ukuhlelwa kwesikhala sezinhlamvu supermassive, engaba yayo, futhi amandla elanga adonsela phansi. Njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, Quasar yethu dim super amandla ukuyibiza nzima, kodwa ngisho izazi zezinkanyezi besingalindele ukuthi luyoba namiphi imiphumela kweqiniso. Ngakho, Sagittarius A * (okubizwa ngokuthi core) okulingana uquqaba abayizigidi ezine welanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-idatha sobala, lokhu imbobo elimnyama ngisho ukuncela ndaba futhi izinto ezisebusweni imvelo yayo, hhayi nokushisa. Njengoba-ke abanye bakuqaphela iqiniso ezithakazelisayo: the Quasar nezwi bacwiliswa amafu igesi, udaba liphansi kakhulu. Mhlawumbe, manje nje ekuqaleni ukuvela supermassive izimbobo black emthaleni wethu, futhi izinkulungwane zezigidi zeminyaka iyakuphenduka giant ukuthi uyokhanga hhayi kuphela izinhlelo amaplanethi, kodwa futhi nezinye, ezincane amaqoqo ezinkanyezi.

Indlela encane noma ubungenza nenqwaba Quasar yethu, ososayensi abaningi hit engaba yayo. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi lokhu ibanga okungase kunqotshwe ngayo eminyakeni embalwa omunye mkhathi yesimanje. Ubukhulu we Supermassive Black Hole lithé ukuba likhudlwana kune ibanga isilinganiso eMhlabeni Sun, futhi kuba 1.2 amayunithi yezinkanyezi. engaba adonsela phansi Quasar lincane ubukhulu main izikhathi 10. Ngaphansi migomo, Yiqiniso, le ndaba ngeke nje simane siyishalazele singulirovat kuze kube kweqa ngqo emkhathizwe mcimbi.

amaqiniso nakuba

Galaxy -Milky Way kungokwalabo esigabeni abasha entsha amaqoqo ezinkanyezi. Lokhu kufakazelwa hhayi kuphela ngeminyaka yawo, izilinganiso zobukhulu kanye namathuluzi isikhundla kwi isikhala ibalazwe ezaziwayo, kodwa futhi ngamandla kuyo possesses Supermassive Black Hole. Nokho, kwacaca ukuthi, imingcele "okuhlekisayo" kungaba hhayi kuphela abasha isikhala izinto. Baningi quasars, enamandla Amazing namandla adonsela phansi, akumangalisi ngezici zawo:

• umoya ovamile ngokuvamile lunesibalo njengengcebo enkulu kunemicebo izimbobo black supermassive.
• Ukuthola emkhathizwe umcimbi, umzimba ngeke uzizwe amabutho olwandle. Iqiniso lokuthi maphakathi Singularity ujulile ngokwanele, futhi ukuze uwufinyelele, kuyodingeka ahambe ibanga elide, ngisho nokwazi ukuthi indlela emuva kuyobe kungasekho.

Giants of the Universe

Omunye izinto besiyoba sikhulu kakhulu futhi ubudala emkhathini kuyinto Supermassive Black Hole in the Quasar OJ 287. Kuyinto lonke latsertidy, elise umlaza Somdlavuza, ngenhlanhla, kunzima kakhulu ukubona ukusuka eMhlabeni. Kusekelwe uhlelo ombaxambili izimbobo black, Ngakho-ke, kukhona ezimbili umcimbi umkhathizwe futhi amaphuzu amabili Singularity. LOB inobungako isisindo amalanga 18 bhiliyoni, cishe like a Umthala elincane lasemaphandleni. Lokhu umhambisani static, phendula kuphela izinto kuwela ngaphakathi komqondo engaba ayo adonsela phansi enza lokho. Uhlelo ezincane ukala uquqaba solar ezingu-100, futhi unesikhathi inkomba, okuyinto engu-12.

esendaweni eyingozi

Galaxy OJ 287, futhi i-Milky Way, njengoba kwatholakala ukuthi omakhelwane - ibanga elibahlukanisile ungukukhanya-eminyakeni engaba ngu-3.5 billion. Izazi zezinkanyezi musa siqambe inguqulo ukuthi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, lezi zindikimba ezimbili cosmic nqwamana, ukwakha isakhiwo eyinkimbinkimbi inkanyezi. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, okungukuthi ngenxa Kuhlangana nge ukunyakaza okunjalo giant adonsela phansi izinhlelo kwamaplanethi emthaleni wethu njalo kuyashesha, futhi izinkanyezi babe ibavuthela futhi bakhuthele.

izimbobo black Supermassive empeleni mhlophe

Ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko Ngakhuliswa udaba olubucayi kakhulu: umbala lapho kithi onamandla kunayo quasars Hocks, ungakwazi uyibize ngokuthi abamnyama. Emehlweni ethu enyama ngisho izithombe linesizotha kakhulu kwanoma iyiphi Umthala kuyabonakala ukuthi isikhungo salo - endaweni omkhulu omhlophe. Kungani-ke, sikholelwa ukuthi Supermassive Black Hole? Isithombe sithathwe ngokusebenzisa izibonakude asibonise yinhlanganisela enkulu izinkanyezi esizoheha ekujuleni kwenhliziyo. Amaplanethi futhi asteroyidi ukuthi orbit abaseduze, ngenxa yokusondelana ukubonakalisa, ngaleyo ndlela siphindaphindeka bonke abakhona eduze ukukhanya. Njengoba quasars kungukuthi some ngejubane umbani zonke izinto eziseduze, kodwa ukugcina kuphela nabo engaba ayo adonsela phansi, abazi zinyamalale, futhi baqala ukuba kuvuthe nakakhulu, ngoba lokushisa yabo ekhula ngokushesha. Ngokuqondene izimbobo abavamile abamnyama ezikhona emkhathini, igama yabo ngokuphelele nyama. Ubukhulu kuncane, kodwa amandla adonsela phansi nawo njengomnyango mkhulu kakhulu. Bamane "ukudla" ukukhanya, hhayi wokudela amabhange yawo-albhamu yezithombe okukodwa.

Cinema kanye Supermassive Black Hole

Gargantua - the isintu eside phathelana kakhulu ukusetshenziswa lapho kubhekiselwe othandweni izimbobo omnyama ngemuva izikrini out ifilimu "Interstellar". Nasibuka lesi sithombe, kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi kungani bakhetha lo igama lapho uxhumano. Kodwa kule ndaba yokuqala, sahlela ukudala izimbobo ezintathu abamnyama, ezimbili zazo ngabe kwenziwe amagama Gargantua futhi Pantagruel, othathwe inoveli satirical ngu Fransua Rable. Ngemva kwezinguquko kwakunebandla elilodwa nje kuphela "unogwaja imbobo" ukukhombisa ukuthi igama lokuqala okwakhethwa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ifilimu okubonisa umgodi omnyama njengoba namaqiniso futhi ngangokunokwenzeka. Okungukuthi, ukuklanywa ukubukeka kwayo eyingoduso usosayensi Kip Thorne, eyayisekelwe ukutadisha izakhiwo lezi zindikimba cosmic.

Njengoba sifundile mayelana izimbobo omnyama?

Uma kungenjalo yokuziphendukela kwezinto, okuyinto kwahlongozwa Albertom Eynshteynom e ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, akekho cishe ngeke ngisho silalela lezi izinto ezingaqondakali. Supermassive Black Hole angathathwa njengomuntu cluster ezivamile izinkanyezi enkabeni yalo mthala futhi abavamile, elincane, ingabe kungaqashelwa. Kodwa namuhla, sibonga izibalo theory nokubona, okuyinto ukuqinisekisa ubuqiniso yizo, singakwazi ukugcina lo mkhuba, njengoba ugobile isikhala-time. ososayensi Modern bathi yokuthola "unogwaja imbobo" akunzima kangako. Emhlabeni ndaba into liziphatha ngendlela engavamile, it is hhayi kuphela zincipha, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi sikhanya. Emhlabeni black dot kwakhiwa nokubingelela okukhazimula ebonakalayo ngokusebenzisa isibonakude. Ngezindlela eziningi ubunjalo izimbobo black usisiza ukuba siqonde umlando kumiswa yonke. Ngezinye isikhungo sabo iphuzu Singularity, njengalena kusukela elalikade bahlakulele wonke umhlaba osizungezile.

Akwaziwa ukuthi kuzokwenzekani endodeni niyaliwela leli umkhathizwe mcimbi. ukuthi amandla adonsela phansi yayo wathatheka, noma kuyoba endaweni ehluke kakhulu kunalokho oyikho? Into kuphela kungathiwani ngokuqiniseka okuphelele - gargantuan siyehla isikhathi, futhi esikhathini esithile isandla ihora unomphela stop.