Kuyini silulumagama kanye kuyini lokho?

Ulimi ingafaniswa umklami, lapho Circuits kulencane yakha abakhulu, futhi labo ithuba - ukwenza lemiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi kangaka futhi ibe nobuhlakani. "Cubes" Iningi ezincane nofana amabhlogo wokwakha kukhona imisindo yezinhlamvu incwadi ukuboniswa phoneme. Lokhu omunye banezela amazwi, lapho ke yakha imisho, imisho, umbhalo. Ifonetikisi sikhuluma ngokuhoxiswa imisindo. Kodwa umbuzo yini silulumagama, lexicology izifundo. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, wahlanganyela Leksikhografu izichazamazwi, kuhlanganise indlela kulungiselelwa yabo. Ngakho, nesilulumagama isiRashiya - kuba isiqalo nesigcino zonke lamazwi akhe, sonke amagama awaziyo. Kukholakala ukuthi kwakhiwa izingqimba it is: kungenzeka ukuhlonza ukusetshenziswa ezivamile futhi elilinganiselwe izwi. Eceleni angabhekwa ukuthi silulumagama enjalo, isibonelo, ukukhangisa, ezobuchwepheshe, ezokwelapha waboleka noma yisikhathi. Kuye ngokuthi lakhiwe kanjani sihlola amathemba silulumagama, singaxoxa mayelana nokusetshenziswa yekwentiwa.

Esimweni sokuqala sikhuluma amazwi avame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. By the way, ngayinye ulimi okunjalo akukhona kangaka. Ngakho kubhekwe emakhono amazwi eziyinkulungwane uyakwazi ukuhlinzeka-70% ukuqonda kanye nokuxhumana. Ukusebenzisa amagama i muntu ofundile yakhiwa mayelana amagama ambalwa ayizinkulungwane (kufika ku 20-30 ayizinkulungwane). Babo ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa 4-5 kuphela futhi siyakwazi ukuqonda okuningi ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.

Ungakwazi ahlaziye nesilulumagama lokhu sikhathi ngesikhathi. Ngokwesibonelo, uhlelo lwamagama ngolimi lwanamuhla Russian has iqembu lalo, kodwa sihluke kakhulu uma amazwi, bathi, ngekhulu leshumi nanye kanye lweshumi nanhlanu. Ukucutshungulwa silulumagama ezithile isikhathi - ke isici synchronic.

Kulokhu, ungakhetha izingqimba ezithile. Ngaphezu ukwehlukana Imininingwane silulumagama ezivamile futhi ububanzi elinganiselwe ukusetshenziswa, kungase kubhekwe njengokweba, isibonelo, ngombono coloration ngokomzwelo. Kulokhu zihlukaniswa:, (ngokomzwelo), ephakanyiswe, izinkondlo,, ulimi kokungathathi hlangothi loluvusa imiva ngokweqile inhlamba ezinenhlamba. Uma kungenzeka amagama ngaphandle Umbala ngokomzwelo esetshenziswa zonke izitayela futhi kunoma isiphi isimo wezokuxhumana ngenkulumo, sizalwa nawo oluvusa imizwa kuphela inkulumo. Esikhathini izincwadi Yiqiniso, bakwazi futhi zenzeka, kodwa ulimi njengendlela yokuthola self inkulumo. Esikhathini mqondo, ngokusho kombiko asemthethweni akakwamukeli ukusebenzisa vulgarisms noma kolimi oluyinhlamba.

Ukusebenzisa amagama zingavinjelwa futhi ngokwendawo. Kulokhu ivelele okuthiwa lwesigodi, okungukuthi izwi, sibangela ukukhuluma ezindaweni ezithile kuphela. Ngokwesibonelo, "seqanda" - izwi lomdabu, kodwa "omncane oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" lezi imifino abizwa ngokuthi abakhileyo eKursk esifundeni, Krasnodar Territory futhi eningizimu yeRussia. Youth isitsotsi amazwi futhi usebenza awasetshenziswa - kuleli cala, idlanzana elithile lobudala. Medical ikhompyutha noma silulumagama umuntu azalwa nalo lokuhlaziya izingxenye ezithile okhokhelwayo. Onjiniyela Ziphinde ziphathe silulumagama lobuchwepheshe.

Uma sibheka Eqinisweni ukuthi ezifana silulumagama, iphuzu kolimi umbono - okungukuthi, emlandweni - singaqokomisa entsha (neologisms), ephelelwe yisikhathi (historicism futhi archaisms) futhi iqembu hlangothi. Silulumagama ahlanganiswe ngezithukuthuku imali nezinye izilimi. Ukuphendula umbuzo mayelana nokuthi iyiphi silulumagama ngokuya imvelaphi, thina ukushayela waboleka futhi lwendabuko-Russian. Futhi okunye kungenzeka ukwehlukana amazwi, ikhumbula Development: iningi labo kuthathwe ngokugcwele impande ngolimi. Ake sithi, ngathi igama elithi "incwadi" futhi "umsizi" awasenaso ongabazi, kodwa uma bephuma izilimi isiGreki Turkic. Uma izwi lingenzeki zisetshenziswa ngokugcwele, khona-ke sikhuluma ubuqaba ( "vindous") futhi exoticism ( "Signore", "bullfighter", "kwasemini").