Udlala indzima tandziso

Isandiso kuyinto zentuthuko tenkhulumo. Izazi zolimi abatadisha ulimi Old Russian, baphikisa ngokuthi ngisho nemibhalo yasendulo tandziso samanje. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, kwahlelwa amaqembu kuqala futhi subgroups ngokuvumelana nezindlela imfundo nezimiso morphological.

Tandziso ngemisho ngokuvamile ukwenza indima izimo syntactic. Ngu incazelo lucebe ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana amaqembu amabili kanye tandziso attributive ezingeni nezandiso.

tandziso attributive

Lezi tandziso zibonisa izici ambalwa kanye qualitative isenzo, isimo kanye nezinye izici. zezigodi esithweni zihlukaniswe subgroups ezintathu:

1. tandziso quantitative. Ikhomba degree of izinga nezinga izenzo aphendule imibuzo: wabahlulela ngezinga elingakanani? kangakanani? (Izibonelo - kancane, kabili, kancane, ukuze lisuthe, kuze amnyama, eziningi, cishe).
2. tandziso qualitative. Kwakheka kusukela tichasiso qualitative ukunquma izinga noma isici mayelana nale ndaba, ukuphendula umbuzo kanjani? (Izibonelo - kahle, ngesizotha, okusheshayo, ezijulile, kancane)
3. Isithombe kanye nezinga senzo. Isandiso sichaza indlela yokwenza noma isiphi isenzo, ngokuphendula imibuzo: kanjani? kanjani? (Izibonelo - izingcezu zifa surreptitiously uthinte)

tandziso tandziso

tandziso tandziso bachaza izinga target, isikhathi, causality, nobudlelwano ngekwendzawo. Zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu 4:

1. Tandziso indawo. Khombisa endaweni yesenzo, phendula le mibuzo: kuphi? kusuka kuphi? kuphi? (Izibonelo - kwesokudla, kwesokunxele, phezulu, lapha, yonke indawo lapho;).
2. Tandziso isikhathi. Khombisa isikhathi isenzo, esewuphendula: Kusukela nini? Isikhathi eside kangakanani? lapho? (Izibonelo - namuhla, izolo, ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngezinye izikhathi nsuku zonke, ehlobo, entwasahlobo, namanje).
3. Tandziso umgomo. injongo Designated of action, yingakho lesi senzo wenziwa, uphendula lo mbuzo: ngayiphi injongo? Kungani? (Izibonelo - show, ngeshwa, ngengozi, ngephutha, ngenhloso, ngamabomu).
4. Tandziso izizathu. Shall sinikete tizatfu ngenxa lapho isenzo senzeka khona, uphendula lo mbuzo: kungani? (Izibonelo - ngoba, kusanenywe, aphume, nobubi, nobuwula, lutho, ukuzivala amehlo wakhe).

Tandziso nesikhatsi correlate nabanye ezingxenyeni ezihlukene futhi ezimele yokukhuluma - tiphawulo, emabito, izenzo, izabizwana, tinombolo emabito.

tandziso kumiswa kwenzeka ngezindlela eziningana:

1. Ukuhlanganisa nge bondzaweni ingxenye ezimele yokukhuluma ngesikhathi rethinking icala ifomu ukuyivala ngamagama ambalwa ayesezindaweni ezingazodwa.
2. Ukuphindwa amazwi by ticalo ukungeza, bondzaweni (isib, HA) ukwakha tandziso (isibonelo - eyomile-ezomile). Ukuphindwa lona lelo gama nalapho ezahlukene uma amafomu (izibonelo - omhlophe-abamhlophe, abansundu-black). Futhi esetshenziswa lahlotshaniswa nokuba ukubaluleka izwi ukuphindaphinda (izibonelo - uvalwe, ngesikhathi esihle).
3. Inguquko komunye tenkhulumo. Ngakho, abantu abaningi sebekholelwa rethinking ukulahlekelwa gerundive zinhlobo nesikhathi amanani (izibonelo - amanga, emi, unwillingly ngokushesha).
4. Ezemfundo tandziso ngokungeza netijobelelo base kanye isiphawulo samanje esithi (izibonelo - omnandi kakhulu, esongelayo friendly). Futhi indlela enjalo lisetshenzisiwe inombolo cardinal (kanye, kabili).
5. Suffixal prefixing indlela. Tandziso kwakhiwa kusukela izabizwana tiphawulo nge tijobelelo ezimbili -emu- futhi -omu-. Futhi wanezela po- Isiqalo (izibonelo - ngendlela endala, entwasahlobo, ngendlela entsha, ngendlela ngokuthula, ngesiNgisi).
6. Tandziso kungabuye ezakhiwe izinkulumo fixed, ezisetshenziswa ngesimo izimo (izibonelo - ungakwazi nokujikijela itshe lifike, slipshod, sibheke phansi, kusempondo zankomo, kunalokho ukukhanya, ekubalekeni).

Lokhu - izindlela eyinhloko tandziso obumba.

isipelingi tandziso

Esinye sezigaba ezilukhuni kunazo zonke imithetho isipelingi elawula izingcezu ezahlukene nezandiso. Nokho, ngokubhala iningi labo nje kudingeka sikhumbule.

Tandziso enze omunye wemizila ebaluleke imisebenzi yokukhuluma: bona umphelelisi isisekelo lwetakhi telulwimi futhi zizilungise ibinzana ezikhulunywayo noma ezibhaliwe.

izici morphological le ngxenye kwenkulumo, izazi zolimi attribute nokungaguquguquki tandziso, t. E. ukungabi khona amafomu eziningana zezinguquko inombolo bese icala, futhi ukuba khona abanye tijobelelo derivational.