Lapho uPetru 1 Army kwamiswa ngesisekelo izinsizwa. Umlando Russian isimo ibutho

Njengoba wazi, eziningi izinguquko ezenziwe ezweni lakithi, i-emperor omkhulu UPetru .. Izazi-mlando ungachitha amahora ukufakwa kuhlu ezintsha yinkosi wezinguquko, futhi waphawula ukuthi ngaphansi Petru 1 Army kwamiswa ngesisekelo iqoqo futhi bavume ukubuthwa.

Lokho uPetru ayekucabanga kwakungeyona izinguquko esinzulu lempi lokho kwaluqinisa uMbuso Russian kanye nomthelela yokuthi izwe lethu nebutho lalo uvele be donsile than ibutho umnqobi Swedish uCharlemagne waqhubeka bay yonke iYurophu ngaleso sikhathi.

Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

Kungani kunesidingo ukuze sifeze kabusha yempi?

Lapho uPetru A. yagcotshwa yinkosi nomfowabo Ioannom Alekseevichem, ibutho eRussia lezwakala kanje:

1. Kusukela amayunithi njalo - a emashalofini Royal, Cossack amayunithi futhi amasosha akwamanye amazwe.
2. Kusukela ngesikhathi kumiswa uma kwenzeka usongo lempi - amasosha Local ukuthi zathathwa kusukela kubantukazana kanye netingcweti temsebenti izinduna noMbusi wababusi.

Ukuze okusheshayo XVII ngekhulu, izwe lethu ayedabula eziningi zombango ezaba umphumela wempi ekupheleni, yena wasinda kusukela Isikhathi Nezinkinga, hhayi kuphela isibindi lempi amayunithi njalo, kodwa futhi amabutho Wabantu Militia.

Zibe khona noma yimiphi imizamo ukwakha ibutho njalo Petra Velikogo?

On ibutho njalo, obekungadala izinsizwa samanje, ngisho uyise uPetru - Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Nokho, ngokufa okuzumayo akamvumelanga ukuba nizifeze zonke izifiso alo ezempi, kodwa inkosi futhi wazama kancane bona nabo.

Indodana yakhe endala indlalifa, ubangwa nezibi, ukuphathwa isimo yena waba sebunzimeni, yafa ngemva nje ngemva kokushona kukayise.

UDade uPetru noJohane - zombuso - Princess uSophia, empeleni eyabiwe amandla abafowabo abasha wancika yabacibishelayo. Kungenxa Sofya yokufunda kweqiniso ukukhubazeka kubantu ayenakho empeleni kingship.

Nokho, abacibisheli abayifuna amalungelo akhe kanye Sofia abawona abancishanayo. Inkonzo nabasizi bakhe abaqotho wacabanga ke kancane, ngakho Russian uhulumeni ibutho ngaleso sikhathi kwakuhunyushwa ababuthakathaka ngokuziqhathanisa amabutho kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu.

Wenzani uPetru?

Njengoba wazi, indlela Petra Velikogo ukuze amandla kwakunzima kakhulu, wavimba udade, befuna kokufa kwakhe. Ngenxa yalokho, le nkosi encane wakwazi ukunqoba ulwa uSophia, ngesihluku abacindezela abasekeli bayo yabacibishelayo.

Umbusi osemusha ngiphuphe zokunqoba empini kodwa zayiswaphi ezweni has cishe alikho ibutho njalo?

UPetru, kanye vehemence wakhe isici wathatha ngentshiseko le ndaba.

Ngakho, lapho uPetru 1 Army kwamiswa ngesisekelo izimiso entsha ngokuphelele.

Inkosi yaqala neqiniso lokuthi "play-eshalofini" akhe amabili - isimo futhi Semenov - wazinza imodeli European. Wabayala Amasosha akwamanye amazwe. Amashalofu yabonisa side yayo best phakathi Azov impi, ngakho kakade 1698 amabutho ubudala idilizwa ngokuphelele.

In ukubuya, inkosi yayala ukuba athole amasosha amasha. Kusukela manje zonke zokuhlala ezweni kwaba izinsizwa. Kwakudingekile ukunikeza inombolo ethile izinsizwa ngokwenyama eqinile enkonzo yawo enkosini ezweni.

ukuguqulwa lempi

Ngenxa yalokho, it wakwazi ukuthola abantu abangu-40 000, ayehlukaniswe 25 regiments ka elihamba futhi 2 nalawo agibela amahhashi. Bamabutho baye baba izikhulu kakhulu angaphandle. amasosha Ukuqeqesha kwenziwe ngokucophelela futhi imodeli European.

Peter azikwazanga ukulinda ukuya nebutho lakhe elisha empini. Nokho, umkhankaso wakhe lokuqala lezempi yaphela ukunqotshwa e- Narva.

Kodwa inkosi akazange adikibale. Lapho uPetru 1 Army kwamiswa ngesisekelo ukubuthelwa empini, kodwa kwavele kwaba yize isimo impumelelo yayo. Ngo-1705 inkosi wakhipha isimemezelo owawuthi isethi bekumele kube njalo.

Kwakuyimuphi omunye elinjalo lenkonzo?

Yesevisi ye-amasosha kwaba isikhathi eside futhi kanzima. Impilo inkonzo engu-25. Futhi ngokuba kwethu nesibindi ukulwa nesosha elula angavuka esikhulwini isikhundla. UPetru akazange uthanda inzalo lazy ezivela emikhayeni ekhomba ngophakathi, ngakho uma waphawula yini ukuthi abanye wohlanga olukhulu abasha kukhishelwa zibuye zesabe yemfanelo yayo enkonzweni, engawayekanga kuye.

Okubaluleke kakhulu lanikezwa lezempi yezikhulu, okuyinto waphoqeleka ukuba asikhulise ebusosheni futhi engu-25. Ngamtshela ukuthi le sevisi ezicukuthwaneni etholakele wesakhiwo State sendawo abalimi.

Yini eshintshile?

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umphakathi akathandanga ukuba ninginike esindayo, bazama ngazo zonke izindlela ukuba abalekele kuyo (intsha bathunyelwa convents, okuthiwa ashiwo nezinye izigodi nokunye. E.), ibutho uPetru mina lakhuphuka. Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho Swedish Korol Karl wanquma akuqede ezweni lethu, uPetru wayenephutha ngokuphika 32 elihamba regiments, 2 onogada ibutho kanye 4 ibutho of grenadiers. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakukhona 32 Dragoons ekhethekile. Kwaba amasosha oqeqeshwe kahle angaba yizinkulungwane 60, iphansi kwesandla sika-izikhulu abanolwazi.

ibutho abanjalo kukaJesu isikhathi kwaba nethonya elikhulu, okuyinto kuvikelwe Russian Tsar ngokunqoba kwakhe kwezempi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.

Imiphumela izinguquko kaPetru

Ekugcineni, kwaba sekufeni kwakhe ngo 1725, le nkosi umshini yezempi, futhi lokho ayehlukile ngesimo sawo amandla ayo kahle ezindabeni ezempi. Yiqiniso, ukudalwa Army Petru 1 - i-credit omkhulu zenkosi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iNkosi idale izikhungo ekhethekile kwezomnotho ukuqinisekisa amabutho akhe ukuthi kungenzeka khona, wadala iziqondiso inkonzo, ngiyofundela ezempi, nokunye. D.

Kulesi ibutho thina ziye zaphoqeleka ukuba abakhonza njengamanxusa zonke izigaba, kuhlanganise nabefundisi (abapristi babenza umsebenzi ke zabo ngokushesha).

Ngakho, singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi ngaphansi Petru 1 Army kwamiswa ngesisekelo izinsizwa jikelele. Wayengumngane oluqinile eqinile uhlelo lempi, ivumelane indlela yezenhlalakahle ukuze kuqalise ukusebenza umsebenzi walo main - ekuvikeleni izwe kusukela izinsongo zangaphandle nezikhathi ezigcwele izinkinga.

Ukubona impi elinjalo, amandla Western nhlobo isifiso ukulwa neRussia, okwakwenza kube lula ukuthola izwe lethu mayelana ekukhuleni kahle Ekhulwini leminyaka elizayo. Ngokuvamile, ibutho wadala uPetru, e izici zako ezisemqoka wadonsa kwaze kwaba ngu-1917, lapho-ke labhujiswa ukuhlaselwa izenzakalo abadumile wamavukelambuso ezweni lethu.