Legend amabalazwe. Izimpawu amabalazwe ngokomzimba kwendawo

Map - umfuziselo esincishisiwe komhlaba (iplanethi iyonke noma kwesigaba ngabanye) icanjwe ngokusebenzisa uhlelo igridi nezibonakaliso ethize. On azishiye uyoboniswa okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko. Yiziphi izimpawu amabalazwe? Futhi zingaki ngempela izinto eziphilayo abazaba?

Map nalokho okukushoyo

Map - uyisibonelo ezincane surface eMhlabeni nge zezibalo ngesisekelo. Kuyinto, ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi ithuluzi, futhi umphumela umsebenzi isazi sokuma komhlaba esiphambili nomcwaningi. amabalazwe Geographical unike amandla endaweni oluphelele cwaningo futhi asetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi yomnotho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele kube enembile, enemininingwane futhi esobala.

amabalazwe Geographical ihlukaniswa:

• isikali;
• Ukusabalala indawo;
• okuqukethwe;
• aphoyintimenti.

Abakwazi ukuba yinkimbinkimbi futhi thematic, large- futhi yabadobi, imfundo, isayensi, imfundo kanye izivakashi.

Uma ibhuku yakhiwa namagama, ibalazwe kwendawo - lwezinhlamvu ezikhethekile ozifunayo. Futhi ukufunda kahle ngaphandle ibalazwe noma uhlelo kwendawo akunakwenzeka. Yiziphi izimpawu amabalazwe? Futhi amisa kanjani ukubheka? Ake sithole ukuthi kwakungani ndawonye.

kanjani izimpawu amabalazwe

Izintaba, amachibi asezintabeni, amahlathi, nemizana nemigwaqo - zonke lezi izinto ayaboniswa amabalazwe ngosizo izimpawu ezithile kanye nezimpawu. Lokhu kungaba imigqa, imigqa ezinamachashazi zeJiyomethri noma imidwebo elula. Ukukhonjwa izimpawu amabalazwe kungabuye kwenziwe ngosizo umbala noma Ukufiphaza. amalebula Umbhalo nazo asetshenziswa kabanzi ngempela.

Izimpawu ezindawo CT t ukumela simiso eziklanyelwe izimpawu ingcaca okuyinto asetshenziselwa ukubonisa zonke izinto, imicimbi, izinqubo, futhi izici - qualitative ambalwa. Isikhathi esining impela, lesi simiso libizwa nganekwane kumephu.

Legend amabalazwe kufanele kube lula ukuwufunda. Lena enye yezinhlobo ezingu nezidingo ezibaluleke kakhulu, ezisabalele nokwakhiwa kwezindlu noma yimaphi amakhadi. Kufanele kahle ziqondakala iso futhi kulula ukukhumbula. Yingakho izimpawu eziningi okusikhumbuza umbono ukuboniswa kubo njengoba izifundo noma izinto. Ngokwesibonelo, uphawu zimise onqenqemeni enamadwala noma idwala iyafana ngempela lezi zinto.

Izimpawu amabalazwe ngokomzimba ezindawo ngezigaba zabo

Kuzo zonke izimpawu yangokwesiko zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amane amakhulu:

1. Scale.
2. Scaleless.
3. Ukuthuthukiswa.
4. Esishoyo.

Scale (noma ukunquma nentaba zikanhlangothiningi) izimpawu zisetshenziselwa ukhombise izinto enwetshiwe, ifomu nomumo ezingase zivezwe kwi yemakhono thize cebo noma kumephu. Lezi zihlanganisa emasimini ezintandane namagama, amahlathi, emadlelweni, omakhelwane ezisemadolobheni, nokunye. N. Imingcele kwezingosi ezinjalo bungaboniswa kwemigqa eqinile noma kunodeshi-oluneziqhingi.

Uma into eqinisweni lincane kakhulu ngobukhulu, ukuze ungaboniswa esikalini ibalazwe ke Ukusetshenziswa kwezimpawu esikalini. Zimelela ahlukene izihlahla, amatshe, imishini ephehlwa umoya, smokestacks, amasonto, izigodlo zezindela, t. D.

izimpawu Linear amabalazwe esetshenziselwa isicelo emikhulu, ojantshi, imingcele zokuphatha, izintambo zikagesi kanye nezinye izinto ezifanayo. izimpawu esishoyo ukunikeza kwebalingisi okungeziwe into ethile. Kungaba kokubili nemizana isignesha, amachibi, eziteshini zezitimela, nezinye izakhi sokuqhafaza (isib Umcibisholo lokhombisa sikhatsi isiqondiso ukugeleza komfula).

Njengoba amabalazwe ziboniswa nemizana nemigwaqo?

On amabalazwe emikhulu kanye nezinhlelo lamalokishi endaweni ufanekiselwe ezinemininingwane ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukugcina isimo sabo jikelele kanye nohlobo uhlelo, waqokomisa ezindlela ezibanzi, izindlela, izikwele, kanye ezinye izakhiwo ezinkulu. Kusayina aya emizini, njengoba umthetho, kwenziwe ngonobumbakazi, kuya emizaneni nasemadolobheni - uma kwenzeka aphansi. Usayizi wefonti incike isibalo abakhileyo endaweni ethile.

Road inethiwekhi - okuyisici esibalulekile nebalazwe enemininingwane. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba sibonise eziphelele kakhulu enemininingwane. Kwezitimela ku amabalazwe ngesimo sendawo ngokuvamile zimelela ngokuphelele zonke (obukhulu emigceni lemnyama), okubonisa inani glycols nge kolayini iDemo. Futhi ukubonisa yesikhulumi esiteshini (calandze), amabhuloho, imigudu kanye ukuphathwa futhi ngezinye izikhathi - travel idokodo kanye semaphores.

On amabalazwe ukumela kanye nemizila yomgwaqo: onguthelawayeka, onguthelawayeka, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba wendawo, ihlathi kanye nemigwaqo ensimini. Ngaphezu kwalokho migwaqo ekhonkiwe kuvame ababethi orange.

Njengoba amabalazwe machibi ukuboniswa?

Imifula, amachibi, amachibi, emiseleni, imifula kanye nemithombo - konke lokhu ngempela isetshenziswa amabalazwe ngesimo sendawo. Ngalesi isikali incike yayo amanzi imininingwane isibonisi into insimu inikezwe.

Lakes wabuka, amachibi, amadamu emabalazweni ukumela imigqa okwesibhakabhaka, futhi izinto ezinemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lapho emifuleni isicelo ibonisa ebubanzini nasekujuleni kwazo, ukujula ngamamitha (usebenzisa ingxenyenamba), futhi ukugeleza isiqondiso (esebenzisa imicibisholo).

G. Wells, iziphethu nezintwa Artesian imithombo ukugubha nge nezimpawu ezikhethekile esikalini. Amaxhaphozi amelela imivimbo iDemo ovundlile eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Njengoba Ibalazwe ikhombisa isimo sezwe kanye izimila?

Kuseduze amabalazwe ngesimo sendawo ukukhombisa okuzisholo nentaba imigqa. Lezi imigqa ekhethekile yokuxhuma amaphuzu nge engamamitha efanayo. Ngosizo lwabo, ungathola umbono mayelana nohlobo komhlaba, ama-steepness ka nemithambeka, khona ezihlukahlukene impumuzo emhlabathini. Ovundlile ngokuvamile zibonisa nsundu noma mpunga.

Cishe noma yimuphi ibalazwe enemininingwane ungabona "amabala" futhi "Leli bhande" oluhlaza. It - amahlathi. Ngokwe izimpawu esikalini kungabuye kuchazwe, okuyinto ihlathi - coniferous, lezihlahla noma exubile. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho ungathola ulwazi ukuphakama kanye ukushuba iziqu ehlathini, kanye ibanga isilinganiso phakathi kwezihlahla.

izakhi ezithile womfanekiso amabalazwe ngesimo sendawo ukumela nezihlahla, izimfunda, izingadi, ehlathini, nemihlanga m. P.