Lenethiwekhi yekhompyutha - lokho futhi indlela yokwakha?

Lapho kukhona i-computer eyodwa, ibizwa ngokuthi umshini wendawo. Futhi uma eziningi kubo? Bese sebenzisa igama elithi "i-computer inethiwekhi". Kuyini futhi kanjani emsebenzini? Yiziphi izinto ezinganembile esivela uhlelo? bangahlela kanjani amanethiwekhi computer? Konke lokhu, kuzoxoxwa ngakho kohlaka sihloko.

inethiwekhi Ikhompyutha: lokho kusho ukuthini futhi kusebenza kanjani?

Ngakho shayela zokuxhumana uhlelo lwama-computer noma ezinye amayunithi imishini computer (njengoba okwakungenzeka amaseva, imizila kanye neminye imishini yalolu hlobo). Ukudlulisa idatha, lisebenzisa ezahlukene imihlola ngokomzimba, njenge: yezinzwa nokukhanya noma emisebeni kagesi. Mayelana amanethiwekhi computer kuyadingeka ukuthi, kuye ngokuthi isimiso ukuthi sisodwa. Ngakho-ke, eminye ungathola lokujwayela yokuthi isisekelo amanethiwekhi enjalo.

Ukuhlukaniswa isimiso indawo

Kukhona nabaningi izimoto exhunyiwe, ikakhulukazi ukwakhiwa, isikali, kanye neminye imingcele eminingi futhi, eqinisweni, umsebenzi inethiwekhi computer ngokwawo. Asiqale:

1. BAN - endaweni umzimba inethiwekhi. It is waziphatha ukuhlinzeka Ukufinyelela i-Inthanethi kumadivayisi axhunyiwe noma aboshelwe umshini main.
2. PAN - indawo yoxhumano lomuntu. Ukwenza ukuhlinzekwa Ukufinyelela i-Inthanethi, kanye nenhlangano nokuxhumana phakathi kumadivayisi ezahlukene okuqondene umnikazi efanayo.
3. LAN - inethiwekhi yendawo. Kuyinto ingqalasizinda avaliwe, okuyinto likwazi ukufinyelela wesevisi. Lolu hlobo kungenziwa ngokulinganayo ababelwe amanethiwekhi ehhovisi elincane, futhi izinhlangano embonini enkulu, okuyinto oluthatha amahektha ambalwa. Ezimweni ezinjalo, inethiwekhi ucingo wendawo lapho ayidluli ububanzi amakhilomitha 10. Ngenxa yokuthi ivaliwe, ukufinyelela kungaba inani elilinganiselwe labasebenzisi bavame ukuba nesithakazelo professional, futhi lihlotshaniswa nemisebenzi yabo.
4. CAN - Campus. Ngakho ngokuthi ngokuhlanganisa ezimbalwa zendawo elise izakhiwo eduze iphuzu ngokungenasizathu eyodwa.
5. MAN - inethiwekhi edolobheni. Isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma izikhungo ngaphakathi kwedolobha elifanayo (noma ngaphezulu, uma kwakukhona isivumelwano kule). Zikuxhuma izinhlangano eziningi zendawo.
6. WAN - Wide Area Network. Ihlanganisa babebaningi kakhulu ezindaweni ezindawo. Lungase luhlanganise ehlukile wendawo, ezokuxhumana amanethiwekhi kanye namadivayisi. Lo mbono ivuliwe futhi ihlose ukuhlinzeka isevisi kunoma umsebenzisi ngakho izicelo. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uqhubeke uzwa lelo gama lakhe njengoba inethiwekhi emhlabeni wonke computer. Nokho, isetshenziswa ngomqondo ngokuhlanganisa konke ngokuvamile lapho. Ezimweni ezinjalo it is hhayi ohloselwe kwezithibelo indawo.
7. inethiwekhi yenkampani. izincwadi Ithatha leli gama lisetshenziselwa ukubonisa ubudlelwane izingxenye zazo ziye odalwe kusetshenziswa isofthiwe ehlukene, ulwazi kanye nezimiso lobuchwepheshe.

Njengoba ubona, ngempela anhlobonhlobo imisebenzi kungafaka inethiwekhi yekhompyutha. Uyini umqondo kusho ngokuvamile - thina seziqalile cabanga: kungenzeka ukushintshanisa kwe-data, umsebenzi izinhlelo okuzenzakalelayo nezinye izinketho eziningi ewusizo ziye waqaphela ngokusebenzisa yayo.

Kwehlukanisa izinga idatha

Futhi, ngezigaba wenziwa ngesisekelo ngokushesha kangakanani amaphakethe idatha adluliswa. Ngokuvamile, kukhona inani elikhulu izinhlobo, ezisukela kancane kakhulu eziphambili. Kodwa konke kuhlangene ngezigaba ezintathu:

1. Okuphansi isivinini uxhumano. Lokhu kuhlanganisa indlela idatha, okuyinto asebenza ne-kwemigomo okungenani 10 Mbit / s.
2. isivinini okulingene. Lapha zihlanganisa indlela idatha, okuyinto ukusebenza nge nemingcele ku ezahlukene 10-100 Mbit / s.
3. High. Lezi zihlanganisa yonke indlela idatha, okuyinto bangasebenza nemingcele ngenhla 100 Mbit / s.

Division, kuye ngenjongo obusebenzayo

Lokhu kuhlukaniswa isetshenziselwa umsebenzi izinhlobo:

1. isitoreji endaweni inethiwekhi.
2. inkampani Server.
3. inethiwekhi inqubo control.
4. Brownies inhlangano.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwedatha ngoLwezithathu

Konke ecacile:

1. izimali Wired. Lezi zihlanganisa i-wire ngocingo, pair nesisontekile, fibre optic futhi ikhebula coaxial.
2. abezindaba Wireless. Zonke usebenzisa amagagasi omsakazo imvamisa ezithile ezahlukene.

isiphetho

Lokho wonke futhi lonke ulwazi olujwayelekile senkolelo-mbono likwenza kucace ukuthi inethiwekhi computer. Kuyini - kafushane. ngeengaba abahlukahlukene tiphindze iyaphendulwa esihlokweni. Kodwa lena kuphela ulwazi olujwayelekile okuchazayo uma ufuna ukwazi lapho kuyoba isidingo esingaphezulu sokuthola izincwadi professional (noma ukuya eyunivesithi e okukhethekile ezifanele). Khumbula ukuthi ukufinyelela kweminye izinto dine phelile ngokusebenzisa abaxhumanisi. Ngakho, nge idatha yefoni kwenzekani, basuke kusetshenzwe by inethiwekhi yekhompyutha "Citylink", "Beeline" nezinye abahlinzeki ukuthi ukunikeza ukufinyelela kwi-Inthanethi.