Lewis Carroll sika "ethi Alice in Wonderland": isifinyezo ngiswa abasemqoka abazizwa

izinkondlo IsiZulu akunangqondo, ngenxa Limerick Edward Lear futhi Lewis Carroll, osebenzela inkampani wabhala ngenkathi uVictoria engu-150 edlule, uye waba sikhiqiza emhlabeni wonke. Kungaba efiselekayo ngenxa Isibonelo limerik nge imvumelwano punning:

Khehla Wayehlala yedwa kusuka Tobago,

Wayephethe sobago ababi,

Kodwa mina ngiza vurdolago

Ngadla inja,

Lase lithi ixhegu esidla Tobago.

It is wayevame ukuthi izinkondlo aluhlaza cwe. Akukho impikiswano ebalulekile, njengoba absurdum ngesiLatini - kuyinto "ezingezwani", "okungenangqondo", "esiyinkinga", kuyilapho umbhedo - ". Lutho" Umehluko wukuthi lapho bekhuluma mayelana kungazwakali, khumbula izincwadi kwekhulu lama-20. Ugcizelela meaninglessness nokungabi nathemba yokuphila komuntu nendawo khona kwezwe. A umbhedo kwekhulu le-19 nomunye. Kuyinto injabulo. Lisuselwa isosha ngokwabo, ifomu esiqondile imvumelwano nakuba. It has injabulo Wordsworth babekholelwa injongo eyinhloko izinkondlo. Heroes umbhedo baphile emhlabeni amaphupho akhe kuka empeleni. Oldos Haksli wathi: "Umbhedo - kungcono okungenangqondo ukuthi elivumelana nathi ukuphila."

Wayengubani Charlz Lyutvidzh Dodzhson (1832 - 1898)?

Lapho indoda sina waqala ukusakaza izinkondlo zakhe ezihlekisayo, wayedinga isidlaliso. Okokuqala, wahumushela ezimbili yegama lakhe ngesiLatini, abese ushintshashintsha kubo futhi olimini lwesiNgisi. Siyazi umphumela - Lyuis Kerroll.

Watadisha bese wafundisa wezibalo Oxford, abadala, abangane nezingane. Ukuze Alice kaLiddell wabhala indaba "ethi Alice in Wonderland", futhi u-Alice Raikes - lwasemaphusheni "ethi Alice in Wonderland." IsiNgisi, uzohamba, e-Italy, Greece, France, waya Russia. Avakashelwe Petersburg, eMoscow, Nizhny Novgorod, ngaqala ukufunda i-Russian. Kamuva, wanyathelisa incwadi "Russian Diary". UDkt Lyuis Kerroll mathematics kakhulu othanda yemidlalo, uye waba photographer omuhle, benyathelisa izincwadi yakhe umshini wokubhala, uhambo ezitimeleni. Bonke babengathembekile izinto ezintsha inguquko kwezezimboni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wasungula chess zabahamba kudivayisi ukudlala ebumnyameni. Njengoba isazi sezibalo, wathola indlela ukuhlola ukuthi izinombolo ezihlukaniswe 17 no-19, futhi wamukele ngekhanda uhide izinombolo. Ngakho-ke, wakwazi ukubhala inombolo "πi" ukuze zedesimali 71. Yilokho umuntu kwakunzima kanjani udokotela wezibalo, okuyinto siyazi njengoba umbhali Lewis Carroll.

Umuzi ngemuva esibukweni (Looking-Glass House)

Alice wahlala futhi wabukela Hooligan yakhe lekati omnyama ibhola ukulimaza, yena udidekile.

Alice walithanda chess ugaxe kitten ngemilenze yayo yangemuva ukuze sebenzi it jikisa nga black chess indlovukazi. Khona-ke, isigqoko okwenzekile, waya esibukweni.

Kufana intuthu, isibuko wanyamalala, futhi isikhashana kamuva Alice - Through the Looking Glass. isifinyezo uhambo wakhe uzobe Ixoxwa.

Yikuphi esabangela esibukweni

Ngemuva esibukweni kwaba zonke okungalungile ngakho egumbini lakhe ngaphakathi e: ekumeni kwakungafanele buthule, amawashi baye benama ixhegu Chasovichkom nasemlotheni eziko ubeke chessmen. Cha, babengaliqondi nje ezihlakazekile, wahamba, wakhuluma futhi abazange bakuqaphele Alice. Intombazane aphakamisa White King futhi ngobumnene bawubeka phansi Queen yakhe. Izindiza ezisuka horror kokuquleka, kodwa ngokushesha walulama, wathi futhi wayengasoze asikhohlwa lokhu okwakwenzeka. "Khohlwa - wathembisa indlovukazi - uma kungenjalo ukurekhoda." Inkosi wakhipha notebook nento imakwe ngokushesha. Alice waba nelukuluku lokwazi, yena wayefuna ukufunda lo mbhalo. Kodwa kwakukhona scrawl engaqondakali. "Kudingeka senze ukuba esibukweni" - isinqumo Through the Looking-Glass (isifinyezo indaba, inganekwane uvezwa lapha). Walifunda naye leli amazwi babeyazi, kodwa incazelo waphunyuka ngalobo busuku. Alice ke sinqume ukubuka bangena phakathi nensimu.

Garden izimbali fresh (Insimu Phila Flowers)

Sisuka egumbini (yeka indlela ongaziwa ukuhambahamba kube kwenzakala!), Alice emgwaqweni wabona ngisho nasentabeni ephakeme, lapho ayengakwazi ukufika lapho, sonke isikhathi uya emuva odongeni lwendlu. Khona-ke wabona izimbali. Bahlale fun ukukhuluma Alice futhi wanikeza iseluleko ukuya kolunye uhlangothi, kulapho-ke uzothola ukuthi uya kuphi. Lena izwe engavamile, okuyinto sidalwe Carroll! Alice in Wonderland futhi wenze futhi ibonakele esinqeni egqumeni ezingafinyeleleki futhi eduze Black Queen. Alice wabona ukuthi lokhu akulona nje ezweni, kodwa ekhethekile chess ibhodi. Amaseli abahlukene Hedges nemifudlana. Alice wayefuna ukudlala chess, ngisho noma kuyinto pawn. Indlovukazi wathembisa ukubeka Alice esitokisini okwesibili, futhi uma intombazane kuziwa lwesishiyagalombili, kuba Queen. Lokhu kungenzeka hhayi kuphela empilweni yangempela. Through the Looking-Glass (isifinyezo, egcwele nezimfumbe neyesigodi uma ugijima phambili) uzokwazi ukukwenza. The Queen wanikeza iziyalezo intombazane owangitshela ukuthi uhambisa ngokusebenzisa amangqamuzana, futhi wahlangana nobani ahlangana nabo, enyamalala emehlweni.

Izinambuzane Through the Looking Glass

Babalelwa ku-Alice esikhundleni izinyosi ezazinyakaziswa izindlovu. Alice wagxumela phezu emfudlaneni, kwaba ngesitimela abagibeli engavamile.

Kwakuwusuku yembuzi, futhi le Beetle, futhi umhloli wabheka Alice e kwesibonakude, microscope. kungazelelwe Intuthu yesitimela lezwakala, wathatha wachezuka futhi wanyamalala. Alice wazithola ngaphansi kwesihlahla bazokhuluma umiyane nenkundla iqhude.

Tvidldum futhi Tvidldi (Tweedledum futhi Tweedledee)

Alice nekasele umugqa wesine, elalihlanganyela ezimbili tolstyachkov pugnacious futhi oqumbile.

Bona bemletha elele omnyama inkosi, wamtshela inkondlo bami abathandekayo The Walrus kanye Umbazi.

Uvolo Water

Kungazelelwe, Alice azithele itshali othile, futhi lona wesifazane waqala uqalaza, ekufuneni uwayehlalise. Ukuze-ke wagxuma zonke Queen singcolile White ukuthi Alice waqala ukubeka ukuze. Futhi ukuthi kuthenjiswa inzuzo ukwelapha intombazane ujamu kusasa, bese inezela ukuthi kusasa neze iza. Uma kuziwa, kuyenzeka namuhla. Ngokungazelelwe wabona sekuthule Queen yaphenduka imvu, owayehlezi esitolo ne izimpahla kanye obumbene.

Kungazelelwe, esitolo isibe isikebhe, spokes - izigwedlo, futhi bangene ezweni mfudlana. Bese wawungasekho: nezimvu, futhi u-Alice futhi bazithola esitolo eduze. Le ntombazane wacela iqanda, okuyinto yaphenduka indoda okuthiwa Humpty Dumpty (Humpty Dumpty). Ukukhuluma kuye, it is baduka ngokuphelele. emagama latayelekile ukuthatha amagugu engaziwa. Lesi sici akasenzanga Humpty Dumpty, kodwa kamuva eziningi kubantu bakuleli emangalisayo. Through the Looking-Glass (isifinyezo umkhiqizo lapha Ixoxwa) phathelana kancane kancane ukuzivumelanisa izimangaliso futhi absurdities.

Ekugcineni, le ntombazane ifinyelele umugqa wesishiyagalombili wazizwa kobukhulu umqhele ekhanda.

Ukuze kuhlonishwe wakhe idili, kodwa ukulungiselela futhi leli holidi uqobo kwaba ngaphezu eziyinqaba. Alice wathukuthelela ngabamba isandla sakhe Black Queen futhi waqala ukuthuthumela nokuzamazama uya kuye.

Kodwa Kwatholakala ukuthi yayiphethe wekati abamnyama. Wavuka? Ngakho ubani ngiphupha-ke zonke (Yikuphi Iphupho ke?)? "Awu, cat - Alice wambuza, - kuba iphupho kimi, noma omnyama inkosi?". Kodwa kitten kuphela wadlala futhi akazange nimphendule.

What do abafundi

Zonke abafundi aveze ukuthi incwadi Lewis Carroll, hhayi kuphela izingane. Basuke izimpawu ukubayisigebengu, ubuciko benkulumo enomqondo ofanayo, puns. Eyinkimbinkimbi ubuhlobo babantu kumbhali ngobuciko siguqule umdlalo. Alice ka pawns ukuba uguqulwe ube yindlovukazi, iqhaza endleleni eya ezihlukahlukene uhambo elinezinhlamvu uyinqaba. Isiphepho kwezimpendulo omuhle, ngokuvamile kohlaziyo, indaba indaba "ethi Alice in Wonderland." Izibuyekezo zibhaliwe eside futhi isikhathi eside, ethi akekho kwesokunxele qakala ukudalwa Lewis Carroll.