Luis Corvalan: Biography Nomkhaya

Luis Corvalan (isithombe esithathwe kamuva esihlokweni) - omunye wabaholi LamaKhomanisi yeChile. Ukusekela kwakhe kwakubaluleke ibalulekile eza emandleni ngo-1970, Salvador Allende, lo okhethwe ukuba ikhanda lokuqala kaMarx isimo zonke eNtshonalanga Nenkabazwe. Washona ngo Santiago, Julayi 21, 2010 eneminyaka engu-engu-93. IQembu LamaKhomanisi yeChile Ukufa kwakhe kwamenyezelwa nge "ngosizi olukhulu."

ally Allende

Iqembu owawungumnyaka izinhlangano ngobukhulu lamaKhomanisi eLatin America, bekulokhu kuwumgogodla umfelandawonye kwesokunxele oholwa udokotela nomholi Socialist Allende. Ngaphandle kokusekela amaKhomanisi AKHE AHLULA lakhe ngokhetho nesilinganiso elincane 1970 ngeke kwenzeke.

Allende, ngubani uhulumeni embonini laseChile ngesikhathi sobuholi bakhe yezwe, wazibulala emva kwakhe uchithwa ngo umbuso wezempi ngo-1973, Corvalan, umeluleki wakhe oseduze, wabaleka walandela eqhingeni lokuketula umbuso. Indodana yakhe kuphela wahlushwa, kodwa wenqaba ukuba adalule ukuthi ukephi kayise.

Yethula i-iminyaka engu-70

Kamuva umholi HRC watholakala bese beboshwa. Eminyakeni emithathu emhlabeni wonke kwakuzwakala iziqubulo: "Freedom for Luis Corvalan!". Ekugcineni, ngo-December 18, 1976 ku Zurich Airport wathatha exchange zalo ukuze zikhanyise ophikisana nenqubo kahulumeni Soviet uVladimir Bukovsky.

UBrezhnev, weminyaka kabani 70 lugujwe ngosuku olulandelayo, waphikelela ngokuthi lesi sipho. I Chilean yayifaneleka yakhe Latin lamaKhomanisi American futhi ally oqinile yase-USSR.

Corvalan livela ongumlimi imvelo. Waba amaKhomanisi evelele kunazo zonke eNingizimu Melika, phakathi neminyaka engu-ehola Chilean Communist Party. Yena kulandelwe ngokucophelela emgqeni party, ukufakwa eMoscow, kuze ukusekelwa lihlasele yaseSoviet Union of eCzechoslovakia ngo-1968 nalapho line efanayo sekwande shayela ngokubambisana okukhulu ne-non-amaKhomanisi, Luis Corvalan wathi ikhuluma ngemibono. "Asazi wafaka yonke Democrats Christian kubhasikidi owodwa" - esho iCongress of iCommunist Party of eCzechoslovakia, ebhekisela izinhlangano ukuthi kangakanani ilungelo umfelandawonye kaMarx.

umhlaziyi Allende

Corvalan wagxeka ukuphathwa kwezomnotho uMongameli sezenhlalo kanye kude ngokwakhe kusukela lwaya umbimbi eziningi umfelandawonye ka-revolution amavukelambuso isitayela-Cuban. Hhayi emesaba ukubheka Economist ngoludala, esho ukuthi isinqumo Allende ukukhulisa inkokhelo abasebenzi 'ngaphandle okwandisa umkhiqizo ukuthi imbangela emali.

Luis Corvalan wazizwa eqiniseka ngokwanele ukugxeka mathupha umongameli, ethi wehlela afe futhi baqala ukuphinda. Allende "izibonakaliso yokujama tsi," Intatheli ethile yabhala Corvalan ngo-1997, bese inezela ukuthi "ukunyakaza abantu iye yathuthuka okwengeziwe kunaye."

Ububanzi imibono yakhe kakhulu ayisesemikhulu uma kuziwa izithakazelo leQembu LamaKhomanisi. Ngemva kokuxoxa nomninikhaya eChina ngo-1959, yadumisa indlela wezwe Marxism. Kodwa lapho ngo-1961, ubudlelwano phakathi eChina naseRussia ukudukiswa Corvalan walahla Maoism.

Wakhethwa uNobhala Jikelele eChile Communist Party 1958 futhi aphethwe lokhu okuthunyelwe kuze 1990.

Luis Corvalan: Biography

Luis Nikolas Korvalan Lepes (kamuva kwehla uhlamvu lokugcina nesibongo sikamama ngokujovwa, ekubeni Lepe) wazalelwa 14 Septhemba, 1916, e Pelluko, dvute Puerto Montt eningizimu eChile. Wayengomunye abafowethu nodadewethu abayisithupha. Unina wasebenza njengoba wezingubo. Lapho Luis kwaba 5, uyise wabashiya. Lo mfana afunda ukufunda ngosizo omunye umama, owayehlala eduze kwethu.

Corvalan wayetadisha ukuba uthisha uthisha Tome futhi wathola i-diploma ngo-1934, kodwa ngisho nangaphambi kwalokho, ngo-1932, wathola umsebenzi njengoba nesazi wephephandaba lamaKhomanisi "Yabantu Front", "Century" nabanye. Ngo kwakhe Chile kwakuqondiswa abantu bese abantu.

IQembu LamaKhomanisi wavinjelwa ngo-1947, futhi Luis Corvalan satholana ekamu lokuhlushwa Pisagua. Ngemva semthethweni we HRC ngo-1958 wakhethwa ukuba umkhandlu-dolobha Concepcion futhi kabili sifundazwe Senator Nyuble kanye Aconcagua futhi Valparaiso.

Luis Corvalan: Umndeni

Umholi ikusasa iCommunist Party of eCzechoslovakia washada Lily Castillo Riquelme ngo-1946 emzini Valparaiso. Wawunezingane ezine: indodana Luis Alberto, namadodakazi amathathu. Nendodana ifile yinhliziyo eBulgaria eminyakeni 28. Umkakhe namadodakazi amabili, u-Vivian noMaria Victoria, ngasinda Corvalan.

ally ukhiye

Ngo-1970, iCommunist Party of Chile abangaba yizinkulungwane 50. Amalungu, okwenza kube ingxenye elikhulu umfelandawonye emva Allende Socialists. Corvalan Party livele nommeleli wonke amabutho lamaKhomanisi aseNingizimu Melika, impumelelo yayo okhethweni bahlonishwe. Futhi azibona kusengaphambili usithonye ezikhulayo. Ngonyaka ka-70 th we HRC wayekade 20% wamavoti. alelo bandla kwakukhona okufana nabantu abavelele njengoba imbongi Pablo Neruda, umbhali Francisco Koloane futhi wengoma Victor Jara.

Noma kunjalo, bangamakhomanisi wendawo babebhekwa njengabangakufanelekeli ngokulinganisela, futhi Corvalan isidina. "Inkulumo pedantic, okuyisidina zokubhukuda yakhe uyisidala futhi izigqoko beyibonakala ayakhelwe ugqozi intsha laseChile", - iphephandaba "New York Times:" ngo-1968.

Futhi Corvalan zaqala ukushintsha umfanekiso waso. Waqala ngokugqoka othayi elikhanyayo, smiling ikhamera bese uzenza nge iCommunist abasha e mini-iziketi.

Junta

Icebo lika Pinochet sika September 11, 1973 abuqede imizamo National Unity kaHulumeni. Izinkulungwane zabantu ziye zabulawa, baboshwa futhi bahlukunyezwa. Ngemva uhulumeni ka Allende waxoshwa wagijima Corvalan, umbuso wezempi e bamlandela, waboshwa indodana yakhe Luis Alberto. Yena wahlushwa, kodwa akazange athi vú.

Ngokwe-cindezela Chilean, Corvalan wakwazi ukubaleka sibonga nomkakhe namadodakazi.

Ekuphetheni

Corvalan kodwa ngokushesha kwatholakala futhi wafakwa ejele. Ngo-October 1973, abulawe umisiwe ngenxa impikiswano enkulu e-United Nations. I isihambeli laseChile waphikelela ngokuthi umusho ingakamiswa okufakiwe. kamuva Corvalan yicala lokuzama ukuvukela uMbuso.

Ngo-1974, ngesikhathi lapho eboshelwe etilongweni laseChile ku Dawson Isiqhingi e Strait of Magellan, iSoviet Union ukhishwa International Lenin Peace Prize Corvalan futhi bagqugquzela scandal, befuna ukukhululwa kwakhe ezithangamini ezehlukene ngamazwe.

benana ibhoklolo

I-United States, ayezosebenza njengabaqondisi umlamuleli, bavumelana exchange yayo. UMnu Bukovsky, oye bodokotela yokuthi eSoviet Union, nonconformist Soviet wathumela ezibhedlela zengqondo, sakhishwa yi ezibiyele sahlala eNgilandi. Luis Corvalan nayo eyakhululwa kusukela emigodini.

Bakhululwa, Luis Corvalan, izingane nomkakhe baya eMoscow futhi ngaqala ukuba aphile njengombaleki nezikhulu ezinezikhundla eziphezulu. Ngokwemibiko ethile, wahlinzwa ngepulasitiki bese babuyela Chile incognito 1980 ukuhlela ukumelana uhulumeni. Ngokusho udokotela ohlinzayo, Luis Corvalan ngaphambi nangemva plastic - singabantu ababili abangefani. Yena thinned ekhaleni nezinkophe kususwe.

Corvalan reappeared esidlangalaleni eChile ngo-1989, lapho Jikelele u-Augusto Pinochet elahlekile okhethweni, futhi wasebenza Umlando wakhe iminyaka, okuyinto akukaze kuqediwe. Phakathi ekudingisweni, yona uye wabambisana Volodey Teytelboymom nabanye abaholi abadingisiwe LamaKhomanisi yeCzechoslovakia ukubuyisela cishe niphihlizwe iCommunist Party of Chile. Ngo-USSR, Corvalan ulindele ukugxekwa kusukela Communist Party ngokwehluleka uhulumeni Popular Unity. Njengoba owodwa party, uLenin wasifundisa, akwanele ukwenza inguqula-mbuso, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi uvikeleke.

indlela laseChile

Don Lucho, njengoba babeyibiza kanjalo le nozakwethu Corvalan Sekuyisikhathi eside wakhuthaza indlela enokuthula yokuguqulela socialism ngokubamba ukhetho futhi ngaphakathi kohlaka umthethosisekelo. ukungqubuzana yakhe yangaphakathi kwakuwukuthi akakwazanga, ingakapheli iminyaka lemitsatfu uhulumeni Popular Unity anqume ukuya ngale ndlela neyaziwayo zomthethosisekelo kanye ukuhlomisa abantu zaschischity Communist ukunqoba. Kodwa njengoba ake elimibalabala akubeka, ngesikhathi owela musa ukushintsha amahhashi. Awukwazi ngokuzumayo hamba ekusebenzeni kohlaka umthethosisekelo we esempini, nakuba ngo-1973, wathi ufuna ukungenzela abaningi ngakwesokunxele. Luis Corvalan wayesalokhu bayaqiniseka ukuthi nemibandela uhulumeni Chile kuzwelonke ingaba yimpumelelo kuphela uma uzothola ukusekelwa iningi ngokuphelele sabantu, khulumela "ushintsho oluqhubekayo". Futhi kwakusho ukuheha inqwaba abavoti kuya ezinkolelweni zobuKristu-yeningi. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakungenakwenzeka.

isibambiso ubunye

IQembu LamaKhomanisi yeChile wahlushwa uqhekeko, njengoba ngaphansi kobushiqela Pinochet uye waqhubeka uyingxenye ke komhlaba, kanye nokuphathwa kwaba ekudingisweni. Ngemva ukuhlaziywa kakhulu nokugxeka yangaphakathi ngo-1980, iqembu eliholwa Corvalan umkhankaso inqubomgomo "kubhikisha mass athandwayo." Ngomzamo lokuketula Junta ihlelwe izenzo ukuketula, ukuhlaselwa nokuseshwa kwemizi amabhange ugesi. Futhi ngo-1983, kwamiswa ngu iphiko ahlomile ezombangazwe, Patriotic Front Manuel Rodriguez, okwathi ngo-1986 wenza komzamo ku Pinochet. Ngenxa yalokho, mina nabanye abane nabaqaphi bakhe babulawa. Eside umholi sokunconywa HRC wukuthi iqembu lakhe, nakuba okuningi buthaka kombuso, wahlala onobunye.

Luis Corvalan wabhala izincwadi eziningana, kuhlanganise nethi "Uhulumeni wase-El Salvador Allende", "bangamakhomanisi kanye nentando yeningi" futhi Umlando.