Lzhedmitry 1: Biography emfushane pretender

Emlandweni wezwe kukhona izibonelo eziningi lapho amandla kwelinye izwe noma omunye nabakhohlisi ethumba ebesizenza yilona ngempela elibusa. Kwakukhona Ezimweni ezinjalo, kanti eRussia. Eyokuqala yalezi kwenzeka ngo 1605, lapho isihlalo sobukhosi eMoscow wazibonakalisa Lzhedmitry 1. Biography of wake waphila ngempela iqukethe amaqiniso amaningi eziphikisa. Ezinye izazi-mlando likhokhele kuye nge Uzalo yasebukhosini, kodwa izazi eziningi zithi esithambekele ukukholelwa ukuthi indoda owathi yena waphunyuka ngokuyisimangaliso uthunjana u-Ivan IV the Kubi, Dmitry - lo owenza, njengoba ayephethe ingqondo zobuqili enviable.

Imvelaphi pretender abasha

Ngubani empeleni kwakuwukugcwaliseka Lzhedmitry 1? Umlando Omfushane lokhu indoda ayiqukethe ngolwazi oluningi kakhulu ngokuphila kwakhe ngaphambi kokuba ukubusa okwakufanele abe inkosi. Emlandweni olusemthethweni wemukeleke ukuthi Lzhedmitry 1 wazalwa cishe ngo-1581 e galich (Kostroma Parish). Ekuzalweni kwakhe, i imposter okuthiwa Yuri (Yushkoy), loyise wayengumuntu yesikhulu kusukela umkhaya ompofu Lithuanian Nelidova Bogdan Otrepyev. Fika ebusheni bakhe e Moscow, insizwa esima kwelinye oda. Ngemva kokusebenza isikhathi esithile, Yuri Otrepyev baba indela ngaphansi kwegama Gregory. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1600. Ngaya Isigodlo Juska kawusiwo wokholo omkhulu, futhi ukuze ugweme isijeziso sabo, ngoba kule worldly pilo entshontsha, baphuza futhi awayilalelanga kuyise.

Ngemva konyaka izifungo indela UGrigory wakwazi ngizinza e Miracle Monastery eMoscow. Ukuba nokubhala futhi ejabulela calligraphy, le nsizwa yaba kuwo yokuma amabhuku umbhali. Lapha kulapho umqondo ngesikhathi Otrepiev ezizenza kwesikhathi ongasekho indlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi Prince Dmitry eMoscow. Gregory wayengumdlali ngobudala efanayo uthunjana John IV, ngisho kwadingeka ifana kuye.

Incazelo ukubukeka Otrepiev

Izici Falsdmitry 1, washiya ayephila nabo, lisikisela ukuthi wayekhona ngezansi ukuphakama isilinganiso ubanzi ngokungavamile, ube nentamo emfushane futhi izingalo anobude obungalingani. Lo muntu angeke ngokuthi uyathandeka, wakhe round ubuso "ehlotshisiwe" warts enkulu futhi ezinkulu, efana izicathulo ekhaleni. Wayengumuntu udangele futhi ukucabangela, kodwa has a amandla emangalisayo ngokomzimba futhi kalula kungenzeka zinsale ukhamba ngezandla.

Ukuphila Poland

Njengoba kwaba isiphetho umuntu wehla emlandweni njengoba Amanga Dmitry 1? Umlando Omfushane kuye kusikisela ukuthi ngo-1602 kwaba utholakala enecala lokweba, babaleka sezindela. Sekuyisikhathi waseLenasia wayekade Kiev, bese lathuthela ePoland ngasese wathatha enkolweni yamaKatolika. Elapho yazibeka indlalifa esemthethweni yesihlalo sobukhosi isiRashiya, futhi bacela ukusekelwa King Sigismund III. Ngo ukwazisa kweqiniso lokuthi wayengenzanga eyomsiza ukuba zilawule esihlalweni sobukhosi eMoscow, wathembisa ukumnika 1 Lzhedmitry Rzeczpospolita ingxenye yamazwe West Russian. Yena bacela ukusekelwa nababusi kanye pretender Ezhi Mnisheka, befunga kuye ukuze ashade indodakazi Marina, ukunikeza emzini Pskov futhi Novgorod futhi ukhokhe 1 million zlotys.

Kuhlaselwa the emadolobheni isiRashiya ekuthatheni izintambo

Lzhedmitry 1 ne ezintathu ibutho senkulungwane basePoland baqala umkhankaso wabo wokulwa emazweni Russian ekwindla 1604. Ngenxa Ukunganeliseki nabantu bendawo yenqubomgomo yangaphakathi Borisa Godunova, owayenguyise de empeleni waba umbusi isimo ngesikhathi indodana ababuthaka Ioanna Groznogo, Otrepiev ngokushesha ephethwe ukuze nginqobe eziningana emadolobheni isiRashiya axazulule Putivl. It bazinza lapha nahulumende yabo Lzhedmitry 1. Omfushane biography nomkhohlisi iqukethe amaqiniso efakazela ukuthi abantu asekelwe umbusi omusha kulo ngenkolelo yokuthi lelo ngaphambi ngempela isimangaliso ngisindile, umsa kaJwanisi, IV, futhi hambisa ukuze kwabo ezweni.

Ngo-April 1605 wafa ngokuzumayo Boris Godunov futhi indlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi ezamenyezelwa indodana yakhe Fedor. Kodwa ezingase ngeke lihlale isikhathi eside ngamandla: Ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa lanqotshwa abasekeli Dmitry Amanga. Ngokusemthethweni yinkosi phezu kwesihlalo sobukhosi Juni 20, 1605, i-imposter ngaphambilini ukubulawa uTheodore nonina, nodadewabo kwathinta Xenia ukwenze isancinza ke wakhe, bese wamthumela ekhaya lezindela.

Ukuze abantu ekugcineni ayakholelwa kuleso phambi kwakhe indlalifa yeqiniso eziya esihlalweni sobukhosi, kwaba ukuhlela umhlangano Maria owenza Nude, umama Dmitry sika. Owesifazane ungeniswe wendoda imi phambi kwendodana yakhe. Kamuva, ngemva Otrepiev ukufa, yena sazilahla amazwi akhe, bevumile ukuthi waphoqwa ukuba uqambe amanga nabasekeli bakhe.

Izici Falsdmitry Inqubomgomo yasekhaya 1

Kwake kwathi ngo-amandla, umbusi esanda ezenziwe ngokusemthethweni wamenqabela ukwenza ukufumbathisa, sayalwa ukuba sibe nezinhloli ekuthunjweni abathintekayo abantu ngaphansi Godunov, waqhuba kabusha balelo butho nezinye iholo anda wonke umuntu kwaba enkonzweni. Pretender ukuphungula ngosizi lothandekayo we serfs, yakhulula eningizimu Russian kwezintela kanye iziza akhethiwe komhlaba kusukela zezindela.

Domestic Politika Lzhedmitriya 1 kuhloswe ngazo ukuqinisa yethonya Polish kuyo yonke imikhakha yokuphila komphakathi. Afunga ukwakhiwa amasonto, landa phakathi abantu abavamile, kumnandi angaphandle kanye wahlela Imfihlo Chancellery, ezazihlanganisa nabasePoland. Lapho umkhohlisi Boyar Duma saqanjwa Senate nokuthi eduze ezibiyele uqalile ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zamakhosi lokhuni namanye amavesi eyimfihlo. Ngo inqubomgomo angaphandle Lzhedmitry 1 kwaholela Amalungiselelo impi abaseTurkey, okuyinto wayenesithakazelo Sigismund III.

Wedding Otrepiev of Marina Mniszek nokubulala yakhe

Maduze elahlekile ukusekelwa abantu Lzhedmitry 1. Umlando wakhe ubonisa ukuthi waba bengidlala, wayemthanda ukuzingela abesifazane amahle. I ukunganeliseki abantu Orthodox okubangelwa umbusi somshado Marina Mniszek ayichitha emkhubeni lamaKatolika. Phakathi nokugujwa eMoscow uye wabutha eningi nabasePoland ngubani, sasivumela Tipsy, ngephucwe abedlula ngendlela aqhumuka emizini yabantu bendawo.

Meyi 17, 1606, phakathi ekugubheni imishado abalwela ukuthatha ubukhosi Prince uVasili Shuisky kwaholela ekuvukeleni e Moscow, okuholele 1 Dmitry bamanga kwabulawa abalandeli bakhe. Abantu pissed nangobudlova nomkhohlisi eside usulu umzimba wakhe, abese eshiswa futhi ukushaja isibhamu umlotha, esingu wakhe bebheke Commonwealth. Ngakho ignominiously yaphela izinsuku zakhe Lzhedmitry 1. Umlando ezimfushane emlandweni uyindaba eziyizixwayiso, isitshela indaba ukuthi kwenzekani nabakhohlisi.