ESalami impi eMpini yamaGreki Persian

Esinye sezici ezivelele emlandweni kungenziwa ngokuthi impi eSalami. Idethi yakhe -daleky engu-480 BC. Ngemva nje kokuqala King Leonidas wahlulwa empini nge namaPheresiya, uXerxes wathutha nebutho lakhe enhliziyweni Greece. Ngiphakathi ngosuku lohambo lwakhe akuqedile ngaphandle izidumbu ukuthi ibutho Persian losalela emuva. NamaPheresiya abangu angasulwa umhlaba yonke into ephilayo, futhi lowo ukuya ohlangothini lwabo, wahlulwa. Amashumi nemizana ashisiwe, amasimu, kanye desecration we amathempelana Greek - ukuthi u-Ahashiveroshi alethwe ezweni labo. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi futhi ngaba sempi yaseSalamis.

Ukuvumela Athens

Ekugcineni, babelingana namaPheresiya weza inhliziyo - edolobheni okuthiwa Athens. Zingakaqali efika khona, iziphathimandla ngesiGreki eyenziwa eziphuthumayo kuhlengwe labantu, abesifazane ukuwela, izingane nasebekhulile esiqhingini yePeloponnese. I labanye bayithuthukisa izikhali abelwa labo ebuthweni ngubani Navy.

Nokho, kwaba khona abahlala wenqaba ukushiya indlu yakhe. Ukwakha ngothango phezu Acropolis, banquma ukulwa impi WasePheresiya. Kodwa wahlulwa, hhayi usuku olulodwa. Athens elalinamandla lawa, futhi izakhamuzi kwakungasekho okunye, ukuthi ukubheka umuzi owayesefa ubuhlalu ukuntanta kude TRIER. Yiqiniso, amatilosi wayengafuni kakhulu ukuhambisa kude nomuzi. Kunalokho, babezimisele ukuba ziyobulala yamaPheresiya.

Themistocles

Wayengomunye zabaholi sikhathi. Naphezu kwaqala elula (unina wayengekho ngisho Thais), Themistocles nge-honours disaccustomed esikoleni esiphakeme futhi hit umkhandlu ophakeme, kamuva nazo zaba uyise umsunguli we-intando yeningi Athene.

Ngenxa kwekuhlela kabusha yayo, i-Athens sathandwa ekuthuthukisweni yayo embi. Kwaba nowakubumba neviyo lemikhumbi elinamandla, okwenza kube semngceleni ezingafinyeleleki futhi wanikeza ukumelana namaPheresiya ngosuku, lapho kwakukhona impi eSalami. Umkhuzi Themistocles, amacebo akhe futhi ngobuqili ukuthonywa umphumela impi. ngiyabonga kuphela kuye 380 triremes ngesiGreki bakwazi ukumelana isitha, ogama mabutho idlule Athene cishe kathathu.

Njengoba impi zenzeka

Battle eSalami Strait iphutha ngenxa ukubaleka yemikhumbi ngesiGreki. Yenza isitobhi, ojenene baqala ukuxoxa inkambo esilandelayo senzo. Iningi wabona indlela yokuphuma ukubhukuda kulesi siqhingi futhi yePeloponnese ukulwa khona. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amatilosi yaphihlizeka SHUMBI ngokukhululekile aye ezweni lapho ziyofundiswa khona ngokuziphatha ukuhlangabezana efanayo yabo. Lokhu kwasenza sakwazi ukugwema isiphetho kokuba linqotshiwe noma libanjwe, uma ukuhlasela namaPheresiya esikhathini sokuhlupheka.

Ngalesi sikhathi, babelingana namaPheresiya selibuthile yonke imikhumbi yabo lawela amasosha eziqhingini eziseduze, futhi balungele ukuya amaGreki. Nokho, Themistocles, inselele umqondo iningi, ukugxila bokuphakama zamasu. NamaPheresiya angazanga lawa manzi futhi, ngaphezu, wathutha emikhunjini esindayo ukuthi akazange abanike ithuba ukushayela kanye Emkhunjini wabahlaseli ngesiGreki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Themistocles besincike etholakele omunye izimfihlo zakhe. Futhi kwaba ukuthi uma amaGreki uthole umhlaba, abese esakaza ku wokuHlaliswa kwaBantu, futhi futhi ayisekho abuthele ndawonye. It ivinjiwe wonke amakhadi omunye ojenene. Futhi emva kokuba abanye amalungiselelo waqala eSalami impi.

ukuphamba Themistocles

Ukuze uwine, kwakudingekile ukuba kwahlukaniswe ibutho Ahashiveroshi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, Themistocles waya iqhinga esilandelayo. Ngobusuku obandulela sempi yaseSalamis okwenzeka, umlawuli uthumela inceku yakhe ethembekile (imvelaphi Persian) nomlayezo enkosini, uXerxes ukuthi Themistocles, abantu bayazithanda ubuhle baso futhi simfisela inhlanhla ukunqoba okusheshayo phezu imikhumbi ngesiGreki. Ukuze lokho nemibiko ukuthi namhlanje ekuseni imikhumbi Athene isuka Strait ukuze ushintshe isikhundla kwi-kangcono eduze yePeloponnese Island.

Isimanga siwukuthi kodwa uXerxes lungosuku isiphanyeko futhi ithumela ingxenye izimoto zawo elizofinyezwa siqhingi ukuhlasela Athene, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isikwa ngaleyo ndlela kwakuyithuba lokuphunyuka. Ngokuyinhloko lezi amandla efanayo wayehlele ukuphinde ushaye at ezingemuva ayesebuyela isitha imikhumbi.

Le mpi futhi umphumela wayo

Yeka ukumangala okutholwa kwaba namaPheresiya, lapho esikhundleni ukudla emuva imikhumbi eminingi zanqwamana abeza kuye waqonda TRIER oseyili futhi impi izingoma amatilosi ngesiGreki. Yaqala kanjalo impi eSalami. Usuku ku imithombo ezisemthethweni - Ngo-September 28 480 BC. nje kwezinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kwenyanga egcwele. Umphumela impi kwaba ukunqotshwa yemikhumbi WasePheresiya. Ebusuku, lapho abaphikisi baye bahlakazeka ezikhundleni zabo, uXerxes wayala ukuba ngokushesha ukwakha idamu, okuyinto yayihloselwe ukuphambukisa emehlweni Athene. Yena ngokwakhe yahlela ukushiya ngokushesha Athens, kodwa wasuka lapho ubusika ingenye elihamba regiments yakhe abaningi.

NgesiGreki njengoba ojenene, ukunqoba ezinamaphiko, ngifuna ukuthumela amabutho awo ukuze ashaye buhlungu yesibili namaPheresiya, kodwa nampa samiswa Themistocles ukuzwa okuthile okungahambi kahle. Ngokusho kwakhe, uma ngaphambi ayehlangana uyazazisa kuphela ngenxa yokunqoba kwakhe hulking namaqaba, kodwa manje bangase ukubeka kahle ngokwabo ukuze futhi ukwenza ezingaphezu kuka kunengqondo. Inketho engcono, ngokuvumelana kumlawuli, kwadingeka ahambe uXerxes nebutho lakhe. Ngokungangabazeki, sempi yaseSalamis kwaba isenzakalo esibalulekile ngoba amaGreki, kodwa impi waba uqanduqandu.