Marshal Rokossovsky: biography emfushane nezithombe

UConstantin Konstantinovich Rokossovsky ungomunye wabaphathi abadume kakhulu beMpi Yezwe Elikhulu , i -hero ye-Soviet Union kabili, obhala igama lakhe phakade emlandweni wezwe lanamuhla. Inhlakanipho yezempi yalendoda imelwe ukuhlala inkumbulo yenzalo. Ngakho ngubani owayenguRokossovsky?

I-biography emfushane: umndeni

Ayaziwa ukuthi ngubani ngempela abazali bomuntu onjalo njengoConstantin Rokossovsky. I-biography ichaza ngokucacile izihlobo zakhe. Kuyaziwa ukuthi umndeni wamarshal wawungumzana waseRokossovo (insimu yasePoland yanamuhla), lapho igama lomndeni lavela khona. Igama lomkhulu-mkhulu kwakunguJozef. Uyaziwa ngokuzidela ngokuphelele ezindabeni zempi. Ubaba Xavier wayengumuntu ohlonishwayo futhi wakhonza esitimeleni. Umama uConstantine wayebizwa ngokuthi u-Antonina. Wazalelwa eBelarus, wasebenza njengomfundisi.

Ubuntwana

Ayaziwa lapho uKonstantin Rokossovsky ezalwa khona. I-biography emfushane iphikisana kakhulu ngosuku oluqondile. Ngokusho kukaMarshal ngokwakhe, wazalwa ngo-1896, kodwa eminye imithombo ithi umphathi wamanje uzozalwa eminyakeni emibili ngaphambili. Umfana wayengeneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala, njengoba ethunyelwa ukuyofunda esikoleni nge-bias ezobuchwepheshe. Kodwa-ke isiphetho ngokwaso saphazamisa - ngo-1902 ubaba uyafa, futhi angeke kube khona imfundo. Umama akakwazanga ukukhokha isikhungo eshibhile.

Ichaza ukuphila okunzima u-Rokossovsky ayephila ngokufanele, i-biography emfushane. Kwabantwana, waba yiqhawe langempela. Phela, lo mfana waphoqeleka ukuba asize u-stonecutter, udokotela wamazinyo, kanye ne-confectioner. Ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula, wazama ukufunda okuthile okusha - ufunde ngokucophelela izincwadi ayenazo.

Umsebenzi wokuqala

Ngokuvamile abantu bafaka amandla amaningi ukuze bafeze iphupho, njengoRokossovsky Konstantin Konstantinovich. I-biography emfushane yomlawuli wamasasa ithi ngonyaka ka-Agasti 1914 wangena embusweni we-dragoon, ayefuna ukuyithola. Wafunda ngokuhlakanipha ukuthi angabhekana kanjani nehhashi, edutshulwe ngokuphelele ebhamu, futhi ekulweni nababheki kanye nezintambo ayengalingani ngaso sonke isikhathi. Imikhakha yezempi encane kodwa ephikisana kakhulu ayizange ibonakale. UConstantin Rokossovsky, owaziwa ngokuthi u-biography omfushane uthi ngonyaka owodwa wathola iSt. George's Cross ngezinga lesine, waphakanyiswa ukuba abe yinkampani.

Ngokuvamile, phakathi nempi, umlawuli wamaphoyisa ekamelweni lakhe wenza ukuhlaselwa okuphumelelayo futhi wathola udumo phakathi kwabasebenza nabo. Konstantin Rokossovsky wakhula kanjani ekhishini? I-biography emfushane, izithombe, izingcaphuno zephephandaba zaleso sikhathi zikhuluma ngokucacile ngokuthi wakhuliswa izikhulu ezincane ezingabathunywe ngasekupheleni kuka-March 1917. Emasontweni amabili ngaphambili, ibutho lempi lafunga ukuzithoba kuhulumeni wesikhashana. URokossovsky, owaziwa yilo biography elifushane elibonisa ulwazi oluthakazelisayo, ngo-Agasti 1917 wanikezelwa ekomidini yokulawula.

Isikhathi se-Krasnogvardeysky

Ikusasa uMarshal Rokossovsky, osho ukuthi i-biography emfushane ithi ngo-Okthoba 1917 wajoyina i-Red Army, wenza ushintsho olukhulu empilweni yakhe. Konke kwaqala kusukela ekuqaleni, kusukela phansi, kusuka ngasese. Ukuphila kwesosha kwakungekho ukuthula - eminyakeni emibili eyalandela uRokossovsky walwa nezitha ze-revolution. Akumangalisi, ngoba impi yombango yayigcwele. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi kwakunesibindi kanjani uConstantine Rokossovsky. I-biography emfushane yezempi ichaza ngalesi sikhathi ukukhula komsebenzi okusheshayo ngokushesha. Ngo-1919 uphinde waba yisiphathimandla, umphathi weqembu, kanye nonyaka kamuva - ibutho lamahhashi.

Ukuphila komuntu siqu

Phakathi neminyaka engamashumi amabili, izwe labona iseli elisha lomphakathi, liqaliswe yilapho kwakhiwa uKonstantin Rokossovsky. I-biography emfushane ichaza ukuthi lo mndeni wawuhlanganisa umkaJulia Barmina, owashada naye ngo-Ephreli 1923. Ngo-1925, lo mbhangqwana unendodakazi, okuthiwa ngu-Ariadna. Kamuva, abazukulu uKonstantin noPavel bavela.

Ukuqhubeka kwezifundo

Eminyakeni embalwa elandelayo yayingavamile. Ngo-1924 u-Rokossovsky wathunyelwa ezifundweni zokukhulisa izimfanelo zakhe zokuyala. Lapho wahlangana noGeorgy Zhukov no-Andrei Eremenko.

Ngokuyinhloko endleleni yokuphila yakhumbula 1926-1929, okuyinto i-marshal esizayo eyayibanjelwe enkonzweni eMongolia. Ngo-1929 wadlulisa izifundo zokuqeqesha abaphathi abakhulu, lapho ehlangana khona noMikhail Tukhachevsky. Ngo-1935, uRokossovsky uthola isihloko sikaMlawuli.

Umphumela

Iminyaka ye-1937-1940 yayingenye yezinto ezingathandeki ekuphileni komuntu wezempi. Ngenxa yokumangalelwa okuyinhloko, uConstantine waboshwa kuqala kuzo zonke izigaba, waxoshwa ebuthweni futhi, ngenxa yalokho, waboshwa. Uphenyo, oludlula iminyaka emithathu, lwaqedwa ngo-1940. URokossovsky wabuya wonke amaqembu futhi waze wakhuthaza ku-Major General.

Ukuqala kwempi nokulwa eMoscow

Ukuphila okunokuthula akuzange kuhlale isikhathi eside. Ngo-1941, uRokossovsky wamiswa njengomlawuli wesine, futhi kamuva waba ngumbutho weshumi nesithupha. Ngenhlonipho ekhethekile waphakanyiswa esikhundleni seLieutenant-General.

Inkumbulo enzima kakhulu kwaba yimpi yaseMoscow, eyaphela ekuqothulweni kwamaJalimane ahlasele kude nenhloko-dolobha. Ngokwemfanelo ekhethekile yomuntu siqu kulezi zimpi uRokossovsky wanikezwa uMyalelo kaLenin.

Isilonda

Impi ayizange idlule ngaphandle komkhondo womlawuli. Ngomhlaka-8 kuNcwaba 1942 kwakunqotshwe isilonda esibi. Ama-Shards athintshwe yizitho ezibalulekile - amaphaphu nesibindi, kanye nezimbambo nomgogodla. Naphezu kwesidingo sokuvuselelwa isikhathi eside, ekupheleni kukaMeyi uKonstantin Konstantinovich uphinde waba yizinkampani.

I-Battle of Stalingrad

Umphumela omuhle wokusebenza ukuthunjwa umuzi ophawulekayo ukuthunjwa kwamasosha angaba yizinkulungwane eziyikhulu zamaJalimane aholwa yiNsimu Marshal Friedrich Paulus. Umklomelo we-optical tactical operation kwakuyi-Order of Suvorov kanye nezinga lika-colonel-general.

I-Battle of Kursk

Ngo-1943, uKonstantin Konstantinovich ukhethwe njengenhloko yeCentral Front, eyomsebenzi wakhe oyinhloko ukwehlisa isitha kwi-arc Kursk-Orel. Umphumela awuzange ufike ngokushesha - isitha sasilwa kakhulu. Ukuze abonise intando yokuwina, uRokossovsky wakhuthazwa ukuba abe ngumphathi wezempi.

Ngemuva kweMpi yaseKursk, lo mlawuli wayekhulunywe ngokuthi ungumuntu ongenakulinganiswa. Kuwukuphela kwekhono lebutho elicabanga ukuthi lingakwazi ukubona izenzo zesitha kanye namandla angaphansi kokumelana nokucasula okukhulu. URokossovsky wayefunda ngokuqondile imicabango yesitha, futhi wayengenakwenza lutho ngalokhu, ngokuphindaphindiwe ehluleka. I-Kursk Bulge ihlolwe izindlela zakamuva zokulwa, ezifana nokuzivikela ngokujulile, izikhali zokulwa nokuqeqesha nezinye.

Ukukhululeka kweBelarus

Ukholo olubaluleke kakhulu nolubalulekile lomlawuli wamaphoyisa, wayekholelwa ukuthi yikukhululeka kweBelarus ngo-1944. Ngokusho kohlelo, oluthiwa "i-Bagration", omunye wabalobi ababeyiRokossovsky, kwakudingeka ukuhlaselwa okufanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa, okwenqaba isitha ithuba lokuhambisa nokuhambisa amandla nokuphila okuphilayo. Kwaphela izinyanga ezimbili, iBelarus yayikhululekile, futhi iyingxenye yamazwe aseBaltic nasePoland.

Ukuphela kwempi

Ngo-1945 impi yayiphelile. U-Rokossovsky unikezwa umyalelo wesibili othi "i-Golden Star" (owokuqala wathola ngo-1944). Ngo-1946 nguye owawuthatha i-Red Square.

Life Postwar

Ngo-1949, uRokossovsky washintsha indawo yakhe yokuhlala ePoland. Ukuba ngumzimba ngokuzalwa kwakhe, wenza okuningi ekuthuthukiseni ikhono lokuvikela izwe.

Ngokuyinhloko, izindlela zokuxhumana nezokunyakaza zathuthukisiwe, futhi imboni yezempi yadalwa kusukela ekuqaleni. Amathangi, ama-rocket, nezindiza zaqala ukusebenza. Ngo-1956, uRokossovsky wabuyela e-USSR, lapho ephinde azinikele khona emisebenzini yempi. Eminyakeni ehlukene uba nguNgqongqoshe wezokuVikela, futhi uphethe izinkomidi ezihlukahlukene zezwe.

Ukuphelelwa yisikhathi

UKonstantin Rokossovsky wafa ngo-Agasti ka-1968. Umlotha wakhe usekudongeni lwe-Kremlin. Naphezu kokuthi sekuphele iminyaka eminingi, igama lakhe alikhohliwe. I-marshal ibheka kakhulu izinzalo ezivela ezincwadini zezitembu, izitembu kanye nezinhlamvu zemali.