Military 'Incirlik ayehlala kuwo lapho ekuleso Turkey

Njengoba ziseduze izindawo eziningi ezingaba khona kushisa zomhlaba - Iraq, Armenia ne-Iran - a enkanjini "Incirlik" e-Turkey kuyinto ebaluleke NATO eliqaphile esifundeni eseningizimu. It ukhonza njengelungu isikhungo lesifunda for kokuqongelela uma impi, nemishini esetshenziswa ukulwa imisebenzi.

indawo

"Incirlik" - enkanjini (isithombe esithathwe kamuva esihlokweni), etholakala 12 km east of Adana, idolobha lesine ngobukhulu e-Turkey elinabantu abantu abangaphezu kuka-1 million kanti maphakathi isifunda ocebile wezolimo. Mayelana ihora drive uhhafu ukuya ngasentshonalanga kukhona emabhishi amahle Mediterranean nge amahhotela ezinhle. Adana endaweni ocebile izindawo zomlando, okuyizinto izinkambo ngokuvamile eqondiswa.

Ingxabano 1975

I-United States baqala ukwakhiwa base emoyeni entwasahlobo 1951 February 21, 1955 kwathiwa ngokomthetho ngokuthi "u-Adamu." Phakathi no-1975, Ankara yamemezela ukuthi zonke izikhungo United States yezempi kuleli lizwe lizovalwa futhi idluliselwe kokulawulwa ibutho Turkish. Lokhu kwakwenziwa eziphendula izingalo ukuvimbela ebekwa US Congress on Turkey ukusetshenziswa US izikhali phakathi nokuhlaselwa saseKhupro. Kuphela enkanjini "Incirlik" futhi esiteshini aeronautical "Izmir" lisavuliwe ngenxa yemidlalo e-NATO, kodwa wonke amanye imisebenzi angahambisani Alliance, inqanyuliwe. Ngo-September 1978, Congress aphakamisa ukuvimbela futhi abuyiselwe usizo wezempi Turkey. umsebenzi ojwayelekile kuqhutshwe ngemva kuka-March 29, 1980, e-Washington futhi Ankara yasayina isivumelwano ku ukuzivikela nokubambisana kwezomnotho.

"Incirlik" - a enkanjini, okuyinto iphansi kwesandla sika-US Air Force e-Europe. Inkinga indawo lapha Wing lama-39 kuyinto ukuvikela izithakazelo zase-United States ne-NATO esifundeni eseningizimu, ukuhlinzeka oludidiyelwe, phambili efakwe Air Force.

Ukuvimba ngesikhathi umzamo wokuketula umbuso

I Icebo lika lokuzama eTurkey Julayi 15, 2016 zaholela kwezinye izinkinga ezingalindelekile ukuvikeleka kwesitjhaba ye-United States. Kuthiwa kuvukela nokuguqulwa ebekela ukuthembeka isitoreji US hydrogen amabhomu, lapho Okwamanje Turkish Air Force Base. Itholakala eningizimu-mpumalanga yezwe, a enkanjini, "Incirlik" has isitoreji ngobukhulu NATO zenuzi.

NoHans M. Kristensen, umqondisi we-Nuclear Imininingwane Project Federation of American Scientists, ithi kukhona mayelana 50 hydrogen amabhomu B-61, angaphezu kuka-okuyingxenye eyodwa kwezine yenani isitokwe enuzi NATO. izikhali Okunye B-61 ehlukanisa ikhono lokulawula isivuno iArmagedoni. Leli bhomu eHiroshima, isibonelo, yayithwala 15 kilotons of TNT. Amandla amabhomu "Incirlik" ingase ihluke kilotons 0.3 kuya 170, abenze isikhali ezihlukahlukene.

Izinga eliphakeme wesethuso

I-US Embassy in Ankara ekhishwe "umlayezo ophuthumayo ukuze izakhamuzi United States", exwayisa ngokuthi Turkey ivinjiwe US enkanjini "Incirlik" nokuthi amandla alo supply anqunywe. Wamisa phezu izindiza ukuthi akuvumelekile suka, futhi izisebenzi nje ancike isipele ugesi. Usongo ifinyelele ezingeni "Delta", isaziso eliphakeme, ngokuvamile wamemezela emva kokuhlasela kwamaphekula noma uma ukuhlasela kubhekwa okuseduze.

umlawuli Base Gen. Bekir Ercan van, nezinye izikhulu Turkish kanye ayisishiyagalolunye ziye ababoshwe Incirlik ngamacala usekela Icebo lika. Izindiza liqale, kodwa amandla supply engakaze abuyiselwe.

Ankara esiye sasivulela "Incirlik" ukuhlasela LIH kanyekanye umkhankaso ayo umoya ngokumelene State Islamic, kanye Kurdish PKK iqembu. I-US kwezempi 9 Agasti 2015 wabika ukuthi umkhankaso airfield Turkish fighters F-16, njengoba umoya iziteleka we sokusebenzisana ngokumelene LIH e-Iraq, eSiriya baqhubeka.

Turkish enkanjini "Incirlik" eyisisekelo evulekile ubude 3 km kanye inqolobane 2.7 km ubude nge 57 lukhuni izindiza zokukhosela. It ukhonza njengelungu lesifunda reserve impahla isitoreji nokuvikeleka isikhungo sokulwa bukhoma imisebenzi.

abasebenzi

Kuze September 11, 2001 izisebenzi base lalinabashumayeli mayelana 1,400 amalungu US Air Force, ezingaphezu kuka-670 izinceku American futhi Turkish civil, namalungu omndeni angaphezu kuka 2,000, mayelana 900 abasebenzi wendawo, kanye abantu abangu-1 700 atshalwe ukwesekwa Operation "Northern Buka" (ONW).

Kusukela ngomhla ka-ekupheleni 2002, kwathi kwakukhona abantu abangaba ngu-4,000, engaphansi kwengxenye babo babehilelekile ONW. Imibhalo egciniwe ibonisa ukuthi ngesisekelo umsebenzi 1161 amerikaskih, 215 British kanye 41 izisebenzi Turkish.

ingqalasizinda

"Incirlik" - a enkanjini, ogama ingqalasizinda kahle. Kukhona esitolo mnyango futhi esitolo, iIgama iphuzu, ifenisha esitolo, esibhedlela, yamazinyo kanye indlwana. NePentagon Federal Credit Union inikeza uhla egcwele services, ngaphezu imali zokukhokhelwa. Military Umnyango Wezezimali inikeza isheke wokusetshenziswa kwemali yensimbi kanye exchange. Othisha kumele babe ne-akhawunti kokuhlola e-United States.

Nezakhamuzi efika kwaze kwaba yilapho kuwa 1999, savunyelwa ukuba ugcine efulethini off-base. Zonke abasebenzi bakhuthazwa ukuba zibheke ukuphila kule "Incirlik" futhi abaningi bavumelana kuso. abasebenzi abaningi ezikoleni bahlala namabhilidi empeleni esasisesisha.

Isimo sezulu is ngokucacile ihlukaniswe ezine zonyaka: zasebusika Kupholile nemvula; Entwasahlobo libalele futhi zinomswakama; ehlobo ziyashisa futhi zinomswakama isikhathi; futhi bayasilela ngokulinganisela kuhlale kushisa futhi kunomswakama.

Ngo-1991 kwabonakala le "Tornado edolobheni", elaba ikhaya of the kuhlangene Task Force izisebenzi "amandla Eliqinisekisiwe." Kuqanjwe kabusha "Hodge Village" Itende abahlanganyeli ibekwe exhunywe Combat Team "Northern Buka".

usizo ababaleki

Ngokushesha ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, a enkanjini, "Incirlik" Kwatholakala ukuthi esisemqoka ukusebenza "Eziduduzayo", lapho wakhonza njengephayona yaba isikhungo zosizo ababaleki Kurdish enyakatho Iraq. Ngalo wadlulela umgomo wakho amathani ayinkulungwane wezimpahla.

Ngo-October 1, 1993 lama-39 Tactical Air Group ngenxa ye kabusha kwaba iphiko lama-39. Ushintsho kubonakala ukukhula imisebenzi ukusekela emadepho izinhlamvu kanye neminye imisebenzi US Air Force.

kulungiswe Okukhulu futhi esikhundleni evulekile futhi taxiways zaphela ngo-January 1995.

"Northern Buka"

Ngo-January 1997, "Operation Eziduduzayo" esikhundleni selithi "Operation Northern Buka" ukubonakalisa ngokunembe kakhudlwana umsebenzi wamanje yokunikeza indawo ngendiza phezu enyakatho ne-Iraq.

Ekuqaleni kuka-2004, i-enkanjini, "Incirlik" isibe "ukuphela" yesikhashana-US amasosha ephindela ekhaya ngemva konyaka wonke umsebenzi Iraq. Amasosha angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-300, wafika ngo-January 6, 2004, babengabafundi bokuqala we eziye zathweswa zidlula ngesikhathi esikhundleni amabutho okukhulu. Ukuze ukulungiselela yokwamukela wezempi, kancane ngaphezu abasebenzi ngesonto Airbase wayesewuphendula lendlu yebhanoyi ezingenalutho esikhungweni reception. Kube esitolo ifakwe, ame sandwich Turkish, ekhishini ehlobo nge ukupheka ukudla kwakusihlwa, isitolo isikhumbuzo, mini-umtapo, ihhovisi umfundisi kanye maphakathi morale nge amafoni kanye ne-internet.

"Ukukhuthazela Freedom"

Ukuthunywa entsha wethulwa maphakathi no-2005 ne lokufika ye-C-17 Globemaster III, bephethe izimpahla e-Iraq ukwesekwa Operation for the wenkululeko yezwe. Ukuthunywa entsha, okuyinto wasebenza phezu kwesimiso fan isakhiwo, wathatha imithwalo base emoyeni, "Charleston" wabathuma izindawo eziningana e-Iraq. Cargo ihabhu iyiswe "Incirlik" kusukela "Rhein-Main" eJalimane ukuze wonge isikhathi kanye nophethiloli. Lokhu kwenza ukuba ukuthutha izimpahla ngaphezulu izindiza kancane.

Aircraft C-17, ezinze e-"Charleston", sifika futhi lisuka njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Nakuba ekuqaleni AIM kwakuyilungelo elingakanani ukusekela yokukhululwa Iraq, lingasuswa inwetshelwe ukusekela ukusebenza "Ukukhuthazela Freedom" I-Afghanistan. Indiza eya Afghanistan uthatha kuphela amahora mayelana 8., Kodwa uhlanganisa refueling phezu Black Sea Turkish noma refueling American, esekelwe 'Incirlik ". Lawa kwakungamadodana ikakhulu jikelele wezimpahla - lubricating amafutha, izingxenye ezisele futhi izindlela zokuvikeleka engeziwe.

Ukulethwa kwezimpahla edingekayo izisebenzi esakhiweni ukusekela uhlelo wamisa lapha, kanye nekwenyusa linani lalabo nabasebenza kanye ukusekela imisebenzi emisha. Aircrew kwaba ngezinye "Incirlik" mayelana amasonto amabili, kanye nokugcinwa ochwepheshe - kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-30 ukuya kwayi-120. Abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe kusho ukwanda isibalo sabasebenzi.

izinhlelo eziningana ziye enwetshiwe ukusingatha umthwalo ezengeziwe. Iningi abasebenzi itholakala emkhakheni yokuhlala, base main, futhi abanye - ku-Turkish ingxenye. Lapho zonke izihlalo zigcwele, lonke abasebenzi itholakala e Tin City. Kuyinto endaweni izindlu prefabricated, okuyinto, uma kunesidingo, ungakwazi axazulule inani elikhulu labantu.

Umlando sokudalwa

Ngo-1955, e-US Air Force laqala ukusebenza ukuthi maduze waziwa ngokuthi base emoyeni "Incirlik" futhi wethula Inkathi ubudlelwane Turkish-American.

Eqinisweni, umlando base baqala phakathi neminyaka emine ngaphambi kwalokho, lapho entwasahlobo ka-1951 US Engineering Group waqala ukwakhiwa evulekile. Air Force ekuqaleni bafuna ukuyisebenzisela okuhlushwa nokuvulwa ekuhlaseleni aphakathi nendawo kanye ezisindayo, isivumelwano ekusetshenzisweni esasayinwa ngo-1954, i-Turkish Jikelele Abasebenzi US Air Force.

Februwari 21, 1955 zisekelwe 7216 isigaba, ukushintsha umbono ka amanye amazwe khona US Air Amandla eYurophu nase-Asia. Into eye yabakhanga kwamanye amazwe, e Umq. H. Of eSoviet Union.

"Incirlik" - a enkanjini, okuyinto odlale indima ebalulekile ephendula zinhlekelele eMpumalanga Ephakathi. 119L iphrojekthi ukuqalisa Balloons sezulu kugasela olwenziwa lapha ngo-1955. Ngemva kwalokho waqala lapha U-2 kwesimo endaweni izindiza njengengxenye Operation "overflight".

Ngo-1958, base iqanjwe kabusha "Incirlik" ( "Orchard"). Ngawo lowo nyaka kwaba nenkinga e Lebanon, okwenza i-United States ukuba phaka Tactical Air Command lapha united isiteleka iqembu B.