Mink American: ukugcinwa kanye ukunakekelwa

Mink - isilwane emincanyana neselula. Ngenxa obukhulu noboya silky yayo ezifuywa ngezinhloso ezimbonini.

Ngokuqondene izinhlobo lokhu isilwane enhle, kuleli zwe elibuswa kunezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela. Kuyinto mink European futhi American (empumalanga). Owokugcina kubo utfolakala kuluhlobo ezincelisayo kanye oda Carnivora. mink American - umbono kusuka musteline. Kuyinto uhlobo ferrets.

umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo

mink American esetshenziswa ukuba isihlobo esiseduze kwe-European. Nokho, lesi sitatimende ngimphikile ucwaningo lwamuva zofuzo. Ukubuka European iyafana ikholomu (isilo, uboya, okuyinto has a inqwaba eside) US - ne marten kanye Sable. Kulesi sisekelo, mink empumalanga ngezinye izikhathi zihlukaniswa njengoba uhlobo lwe ezingefani ezibizwa ngokuthi Neovison. Ngakho, singaphetha ngokuthi lezi zinhlobo ezimbili unayo i ukubukeka ezimele. yokufana kwawo okukhulu kuwumphumela ukuvela khona kwendawo efanayo.

Yini ehlukanisa mink European evela e-US? Ukubukeka lezi zinhlobo abe umehluko omncane. Mink yaseYurophu skull ezincane kakhulu, futhi ngempela kuba kancane ezincane. Ngokwesibonelo, hlobo eMelika umzimba isilwane obuphelele kufika ku-50 cm, futhi isisindo izinhlanzi yakhe enkulu eduze 2 kg. mink European abe mass 0.5-0.8 kg futhi kufana kakhulu ferrets.

On imilenze European nezilwane kukhona ulwelwesi. Benza-ke i umbhukudi kakhulu. On imilenze abameleli uhlobo eMelika ulwelwesi kuyinto ampofu.

Nokho umehluko phakathi mink European evela e-US? Ikhanya noboya anemibala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abameleli zinhlobo European kuwo womabili izindebe kukhona namabala amhlophe. Lokhu umbala ukhona futhi mink American. elise kuphela endaweni kuphela udebe lwangezansi kanye kwesilevu.

Incazelo zezinto eziphilayo

Kuyini mink American, kubukeka sengathi isilwane noboya? Kanye-European, it has a ikhanda elincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungabahlukanisa nomlomo esiyisicaba, esifushane futhi isiyingi izindlebe evuthiwe futhi Intshebe (udevu). Ubujamo ikhanda kulula ukubona owesilisa nowesifazane. Futhi lo mehluko kubonakala ngisho umdlwane ngenyanga ubudala. Iduna has a skull omkhulu futhi ebanzi. Lokhu kudala umbono ukuthi uhlobo lwakhe kuyinto blunt ngaphezulu.

Iningi amehlo mink elimnyama. Okukhishwayo kuphela ezinye izinhlobo asabekayo. amehlo ayo angase abe nsundu, obomvu, osawolintshi, aphuzi noma ogqamile.

mink American (isithombe kanye nencazelo, bheka ngezansi) uye valikoobraznoe umzimba, okuyinto enwetshiwe ubude. namanqina ayo phambi esimfushane kuka ezingemuva. Claws kubo cishe nevtyazhnye nezinyawo ematheni elingenalutho.

mink Melika nawaseYurophu babe nemilenze ezincane. Futhi lihambisana cishe ngokuphelele noboya. Nakuba kunezinkolo ulwelwesi ebhukuda, bonke iminwe emihlanu ngosuku ngalunye amathebhu bayakwazi ukuhamba ezizimele. Lokhu kusiza lesi silwanyana elenga ezindongeni yezinyoni, futhi deftly ukugibela kwabo.

Njengoba yamabhola antantayo mink? Isithombe kanye nencazelo ukubona ngezansi. Ngenxa kahle athuthukile leWebhu lezi zilwane ukuhambisa emachibini noma emifuleni ngenxa undulations nomsila futhi umzimba.

Angabawa ukubhukuda ngaphansi kwamanzi at ibanga 30 m, egxilile a ka 4-5 m ukujula. I ijubane lokuya kulokhu kusukela ngehora elilodwa nanhlanu. Kodwa on the isilwane phansi Ungahambisa isheshe. Ngezinye amafushane Overland iqalisa ngesivinini kuze kube amakhilomitha amabili ngehora.

Ubude obukhulu kunabo bonke gxuma kusuka mink American 1.2 m ubude kanye 0.5 m ububanzi. On okuxekethile iqhwa isilwane uhamba nge nobunzima, wakhetha umbe ihamba.

Area yokusabalalisa

Mink American zimila libonakale eNtshonalanga Nenkabazwe. endaweni yawo engokwemvelo - kule ndawo Florida, New Mexico, Southern California, Arizona ukuba kwe-Arctic Circle.

Kodwa kule forties ekuqaleni kwekhulu elidlule, lezi zilwane zazitholakala amazwe zibe endaweni ye-USSR. Lapha babhekana futhi aqala ukwanda. Kuze kube manje, mink American esincintisana main kwezinhlobo European. Lesi simo ebonwe mazwe alandelayo: IFrance neJalimane, eScotland no England.

Kepha mink European, endaweni yamuva kwendawo yayo yehlile ngokuphawulekayo. Namuhla lesi silwane ingatholwa emazweni aseBalkan futhi eFinland, ePoland, entshonalanga yeFrance futhi ingxenye European yeRussia. Futhi konke lokhu kwenzeka naphezu kokuba kuleyo ndawo empeleni esasisesisha kwalesi silwane babe ebanzi okuningi. Bahamba bonke ezindaweni European elalihlala amahlathi (ngaphandle enyakatho-entshonalanga naseningizimu). Ukunyamalala isilwane izazi zezinto eziphilayo ukuchaza ithonya izitshalo Hydropower futhi acclimatization of nesincintisana yimpumelelo futhi ezinkulu - mink American.

indlela yokuphila

Ukuze endaweni yazo mink American (bheka ngezansi isithombe) ekhetha endaweni efanayo, kanye European. It ukhetha ukuphila emahlathini aminyene kanye emaxhaphozini nasemachibini amaningi. Futhi isilwane uthanda emfuleni, lapho ebusika baningi "pustoledok".

Mink European futhi umehluko yaseMelika ilungiselelo ayefihlwe wakhe endaweni. Umyalo wesibili zinhlobo ezimbili kubhekwa nzima. Lokhu Burrows zobumba, ngezinye izikhathi lathathwa a muskrat. Banezinhliziyo izindima ezinde, emazombezombe (kufika ku 3 m), okuyinto uxhuma amakhamera amaningi. izimbobo okunjalo ku olwenzeka endaweni endaweni eyodwa umuntu 6 kuya 8. Lesi sidleke ekamelweni mink njalo ibeka embhedeni namahlamvu omile, utshani kanye moss. Ngokuvamile lwegumbi isilwane ahlele ngokwayo e yokukhosela yayo. Kulokhu, anakho esidlekeni sayo ekamelweni. Futhi isihlalo sendlu yangasese kungenziwa etholakala eduze kwendawo yokungena emgodini.

Ngaphezu izimbobo ngabanye zinhlobo American kunamathuba amaningi okuthi kuka-European, ukuhlomisa Nzalo yabo izidleke iziqu zezihlahla awile agcwalise e ngesidunu.

Fur zizalela isilwane

Fur American mink sibaluleke kakhulu kuka nozakwabo zaseYurophu. ENyakatho Melika, lesi silwane Sekuyisikhathi eside ezingelwa abazingeli, ukubeka ehlathini ebusika ukubamba izibhamu zawo. Kodwa kuze kube manje, iba umthombo uboya mink epulazini. Babeqale wathola eCanada, bese-ke, ngenxa kalula yokuzalanisa izilwane, lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho, athatha izintambo nakwamanye amazwe amaningi. On la amapulazi kwenziwa umsebenzi zizalela. Umphumela waba mink black American, ne-platinum, okumhlophe nokuluhlaza. zizalela Artificial fur bavunyelwe ukuthola noboya okuningi okunye ngaphandle kokupha izinhlanzi ngokwemvelo.

imishini ipulazi

mink American ingaqukatha kokubili ekhaya futhi amakamelo ezikhethekile. Kodwa eqinisweni, futhi kwelinye icala, isilwane kumele ibekwe yezinyoni.

Lowo wanquma ukuhlanganyela ibhizinisi noboya, uzodinga ukwakha epulazini lakho siqu. izakhiwo zayo esikhulu ukujama, indawo ephansi eyomile, bavikeleke imimoya neqhwa emigodini.

mink ayethanda izimo American lokushisa elihambisana isimo sezulu band phakathi. Uma endaweni lapho ipulazi ifakwe, ehlobo thermometer kunqoba degrees 30, egumbini kufanele kube emoyeni selehlile. Futhi zonke izakhiwo lapho isilwane kuqukethwe, unikezwe ugesi namanzi.

Emhlabeni ipulazi kubalulekile ukuthi idivayisi indawo enelanga nobubanzi hhayi amamitha esingaphansi anamakhulu mathathu. Futhi ibanga emgaqweni eliseduze kumele abe phakathi 25 kuya ku-30 m. I-American mink okuqukethwe nayo idinga ukwamukelwa of izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuba uphume izilwane ngaphandle kwezwe lakwa epulazini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele ukwakha uthango oluphakeme, embiwe emhlabathini cm 30, kanti phezulu kombhede nail iqondiswe ekufezeni ipulazi.

izimo yeziboshwa

mink American (bheka ngezansi isithombe) kufanele ibekwe amaseli, phansi zazo bayavuswa ngaphezu komhlabathi. Okuqukethwe izilwane ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwehlukanisa. Abadala kumelwe babe amangqamuzana ngamanye, isungulwe ngaphansi kombhede gable, okuthiwa shedom. Le divayisi kumele gesi futhi unikelwe namanzi. Njengomthetho, shedy eyenziwa ngesimo iinkwere, ezinhlangothini longitudinal kwako yezinyoni ne isilwane. idivayisi ezinjalo kusiza inqubo ukusuthisa ukuhlanzwa mink umquba ngemva kwabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli lungiselelo, zonke izigaba ukunakekelwa kungenziwa ezenzakalelayo kalula.

Shedy kumele embozwe inetha, okuyinto wangcwatshwa emhlabathini at 30 cm (kuleli cala isilwane akukwazi kocingo ephukile). Kombhede ophahleni wenziwe asbestos-usimende amashidi, phezu okuyinto ivumelane ngehele lokhuni. Yalala ukufulela impahla. Ngo amavesi phakathi amaseli, whose banzi kufanele okungenani 1.17 m, kubalulekile ukubeka ithrekhi ukhonkolo. Basement Ubuye ukuhlala eziwubhuqu. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ukumuncwa umchamo. Amaseli ngokwabo ukuhlomisa izilwane uhlanganyela izindlu. Zonke ezinye endaweni isetshenziselwa uhamba.

amaseli Ukwenza

isilo Agile futhi ekhuthele kakhulu kubhekwa mink American. Okuqukethwe kwalo emakhejini ezincane ngoba lokhu akwamukeleki. Izilwane badinga endaweni khulula zokuhamba. Kukholakala ukuthi mink ezikhulayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, uma kunikezelwe endaweni 5.25 metres square ngomuntu ngamunye.

Eyokwakha amaseli udinga ukusebenzisa impahla kwesokudla. Abakwazi ukukhonza njengephayona lashukumisa steel anezikhala. Ukuze amaseli Awukwazi ukuthatha izinto ezinjalo, eyagcina babe embozwe nokugqwala, ngoba ngeke ushiye patina engcolile izilwane noboya.

Ukhiqize amangqamuzana kuthathwe anezikhala ejwayelekile nge usayizi anezikhala of 25 mm. Nokho, ngokusebenzisa izimbobo enjalo kungaba ngokukhululekile fall out nomdlwana amasonto amabili ubudala. Yingakho kulezo amaseli aqukethe insikazi, ifakwa phezu amacansi phansi, yazalwa igridi ne amaseli ezincane.

Ngenjongo yokuzalanisa isilwane unesithakazelo ezifana mink American? Kokuqukethwe kanye nokunakekela izilwane kuleli cala kumele kwenziwe ngokuvumelana nemithetho. Amaseli ezibekwe esebenza ngogesi hhayi kuphela ezidingekayo kanye abaphuza, kodwa futhi iziqukathi encane ngamanzi. Bayoba ukubhukuda mink.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izakhi ku yezinyoni kumele kuvikelwe kahle. Kungenjalo, isilwane asebenzayo ujike konke esiphendula esibhekisa phansi.

dunnage

Phansi iseli equkethe mink American, kumele zibekwe obuhle izinkuni shavings, utshani noma hay. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-isilwane ngasinye inani ukwaziswa okunjalo okungenani ayisikhombisa amakhilogramu ngonyaka. Nakuba ukunakekela nami yokungcola meree mink postilku. Kodwa kuwufanele nikhumbula ukuthi ebolile noma impahla ichithekile hhayi ungasabalalisa phansi cell.

ukudla

Yena uncamela udle mink American? Incazelo ukudla kwawo yemvelo ngempela ebanzi. Ngo isilwane vivo Usizakala ezincelisayo ezincane, izinyoni nezinhlanzi. Ukudla izilwane ezidla ezinye ezihuquzelayo kanye mollusk kwezilwane eziphila ezweni nezilwane ezinamagobolondo. mink American ngenxa yobukhulu bayo ezinkulu ngezinye izikhathi yokuzingela muskrats, futhi eminyakeni mafutha zilungele ukuhlasela yenkukhu.

In ekuthunjweni, lawa izilwane ezidla ezinye zidla inyama kanye nenhlanzi, okusanhlamvu kanye isilwane feed, ithambo, inhlanzi nenyama ukudla, ubisi nemikhiqizo yalo, ifolishi amnandi, ifolishi imbiliso, sprats, uwoyela ikhekhe nenhlanzi amafutha noma amaqembu. Lokhu kudla kufanele akha amaphesenti angu-angamashumi ayisikhombisa engayitholi wesilwane nsuku zonke. Futhi amandla minks hhayi ungagcina. Zonke lezi zilwane kungukuthi dopoluchat ngokudla, ke kuyobonakala uvolo yabo. Ngesizathu esihle kunenkolelo yokuthi u-70% fur Nobuhle inikeza eliphezulu aklaba.

Ngokuphathelene ukutshala ukudla, sebenzisa oatmeal noma nokunye okufana nokolweni nebhali, uphizi namabele okusanhlamvu. Nikeza Burrows sunflower imbewu ikhekhe, sayinela ukungena futhi squash, kanye beet kanye izaqathe, amazambane kanye turnips, amajikijolo kanye nokusanhlamvu kunokuba kube imifino, utamatisi no iklabishi. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo nezikhathi kunezelwa ukudla utshani abasha anyanisi oluhlaza kanye eziqongweni impande izitshalo.

uhlobo lokudla

Umsebenzi oyinhloko mink fattening kuyinto ukondla isilwane inani elikhulu kungenzeka ukudla.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene yokondla izilwane noboya ezinembewu. Eyokuqala wabo - izinhlanzi. Kuthiwa kwenzeka ukuthi kwasolwandle ukwenza sakha amaphesenti angaphezu kwangu amahlanu engayitholi caloric. yokudla uhlobo kungenzeka inyama. Ngenxa yalokho-ke kubhekwa lapho okuqukethwe kwama-kilojoule imikhiqizo yezilwane amaphesenti angaphezu kuka amahlanu. Yokudla kuyinto okuxubile noma myasorybnym. Leli gama inikezwe ukudla nge okuqukethwe alinganayo kokubili inhlanzi kanye nemikhiqizo inyama.

ukudla

Izilwane ezidla kabili kuphela ngosuku - ekuseni nakusihlwa. Futhi kufanele kwenziwe emahoreni ngokuqinile ezithile. Ukukhethwa kuyinto izinsikazi ezimithi. Badinga ukudla kaningi - 3-4 izikhathi ngosuku.

Udinga ukondla izilwane nsuku zonke, okwenza akukho ikhefu. Ukuzila Ukudla, ngisho noma ngesikhathi esifushane, bese kubonakala phezu noboya. Yena thins futhi buphela.

Ukuze mink umbuso ezibalulekile nokuphuza. Amanzi isilwane kufanele inikezwe njalo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kulabo izikhathi uma isilwane odla ukudla eyomile noma okusemathinini.

Breeding futhi zizalela minks

Ngu ukubukeka ukuze kukhululwe inzalo ka izilwane kumele uzilungiselele kusenesikhathi. Futhi yonke le nqubo kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela nenhlangano. Njengomthetho, ngoMashi ngesikhathi nabesifazane mink kukhwelana iqala. Khona-ke izilwane sokukhwelana. Siyinzalo zivela kwesigamu April wesibili noma ekuqaleni kuka-May.

Kwaphela izinsuku ezingu 10-15 ngaphambi kosuku olulindelekile kwezidingo emangqamuzaneni, equkethe insikazi, kubalulekile ukubeka shavings esithambile noma hay. Lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu nxa lezi zibungu, okuvamise kusuka 5 kuya ku-6 imidlwane. Ngo uhlobo isidleke izilwane ezincane kuyoba kufikela kuzinsuku ezingu-40, zidla ubisi lukanina futhi kancane kancane ejwayele yokudla. Emva kwalesi sikhathi, mink imali ku amangqamuzana ngamanye.

Ngokunakekela efanele kanye nokugcinwa mink American kaMandulo kuyokunikeza elihle ebusika noboya. Kuze Disemba izilwane izokhetheka esikhumbeni.

Okuqukethwe kanye ukutshala mink American ihlala iminyaka engaphezu 5.5-6. Ngemva kwalokho izilwane encishisiwe ikhono nokuzala kanye liwohloka izinga noboya.