Nehisopi imbiza: zokutshala nokunakekela, sikhula kusukela imbewu

endaweni Elimnandi futhi zezimbali endlini, engadini noma kuleli zwe - iphupho wonke umuntu. Isibili uyajabula lapho izitshalo azigcini nje ngokuba umsebenzi zokuhlobisa, kodwa futhi ziwusizo. Ubuholi degree of yizinhlobonhlobo fanele amakhambi. Abenzi kuphela ukuzuza, kodwa futhi ukuhlobisa ingadi ngayo kuqala kanti iphunga ocebile. Phakathi kwalabo ukukhathazeka imbiza nehisopi. Ukutshala nokunakekela, sikhula kusukela imbewu nezinye izici wathi zokuzalanisa izitshalo - konke lokhu, kuzoxoxwa ngakho kamuva kulesi sihloko.

Sokusabalalisa ngemvelo

Nehisopi ihlanganisa nalo uhlobo nezihlahla yemifino kanye namakhambi nge flavour oqinile we umndeni Lamiaceae. Basuke izimpawu ukuphakama amancane (50-60 cm) futhi ishiya ijamo side noma komugqa kakhulu abahlala esiqwini.

Nehisopi sitholakala Asia, eMediterranean, i-Russia (ngokwengxenye zaseYurophu, eCaucasus and entshonalanga yeSiberia). It ukhetha emithambekeni enamadwala, emaqeleni ezomile kanye amagquma, kanye inhlabathi okuxekethile. Lena indawo enhle kakhulu uju isitshalo.

Nehisopi ayelapha bebelokhu baziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, ukuzwa kukhulunywa ngezintaba ebhaliwe yokuqala utshani eBhayibhelini. Ngo izitshalo horticultural ezivamile nehisopi officinalis.

incazelo Botanical

Nehisopi officinalis (betshala ukunakekelwa Kamuva sizoxoxa ngokuthi) zisakazwa Afrika eYurophu nase-Asia. Lesi sikhungo singesokuqala esiyize ukuthi likhula kusuka 20 kuya ku-80 cm. Impande it has bok, ifomu induku. Sukani-ke bok eziningi sifanamsindvo tetrahedral, kancane pubescent noma cishe hairless.

Amahlamvu ahlelwe oppositely futhi cishe ahlale phezu stem kuthiwa lanceolate, imiphetho zabo kancane zihambisana phansi. Kulokhu, lo ephansi eshiya apical ethe xaxa.

Side spike inflorescence bheka zokuhlobisa. Hlanganisa ngemibala avame okwesibhakabhaka noma violet luhlaza, akuvamile omhlophe noma pink.

Isithelo has a isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Cenobia siqukethe alinganayo oreshkovidnyh fruitlets abane ukuma trihedrally-ovoid. Izimbali ezinde - kusuka July kuya ku-September.

iphunga Spicy ohlobo okuxubile (nge turpentine camphor), Ukuthoma ukunambitheka kanye ayelapha okumangalisayo - uyinto okuyiwona zenani nehisopi. Ukutshala futhi anakekele endle, njengoba umthetho, musa inxushunxushu, ngakho zikhule esiyize elincane kodwa ewusizo kusayithi futhi wonke umuntu can.

Lesitshalo nezinhlobonhlobo

Ngaphandle nehisopi izidakamizwa, e isiko elaziwa ngokuthi i-Cretaceous kanye anise. Hhayi umuntu onolwazi ukuze uhlanganise nabo kalula ngokwanele:

1. Nehisopi Cretaceous kuyinto zezinyoni ezingavamile futhi evikelwe ezisohlwini Red Encwadi Ukraine neRussia. Igama liyazikhulumela - kuba ngowokuqala ivele nenhlabathi ekhumuzelayo yazo zonke izitshalo.
2. iphunga Isici, lapho yokukhulisa izwi trituration, lavender futhi izimbali ifomu has nehisopi anisic.

Nokunakekela zonke izinhlobo ezintathu ngokuyinhloko kuhluke.

Abazalanisi kuhoxiswe amamaki ahlukahlukene, okuyinto kuhluke bodwa ikakhulukazi umbala izimbali. Yiziphi edume kakhulu:

• "Accord" - izidakamizwa, iphunga yl, nesomiso ukumelana futhi aqine. Lesi sitshalo yakha ehlathini okusezingeni eliphezulu ku-80 cm, inani amahlumela - kuze kube izicucu 25. Izimbali pink, encane.
• "Inkungu Pink" - kwesikhathi isilinganiso nokuvuthwa, senzelwe ukusetshenziswa ekuphekeni futhi ukuwafaka. Lesi sitshalo ifinyelela ukuphakama 50 cm, amahlumela nomzimba omncane, kodwa nokunwebeka, izimbali ezincane zipendwe ngombala okhanyayo pink. It has ukumelana nezimo ezihlukahlukene kwemvelo. Kuyinto nesomiso nemithi, ukushisa nokubanda nehisopi ukubekezela isithwathwa (ukutshala, ukutshala kanye nokugcinwa - standard).
• "Nikita White" (kuboniswe isithombe ngezansi) - ibanga srednerosloe (kufika ku-55 cm), lesi sitshalo yakha ehlathini compact, izimbali ubude (izinsuku 75-80).
• "Amazolo ayiqhwa" - izihlahlana eziphakeme kusuka 40 kuya 70 cm nge uqonde Kuphendula compact ehlathini. Imifino ine iphunga okukhulu, okusikhumbuza iphunga rosemary zasendle. Izinhlobonhlobo has a isivuno eliphezulu uyaca oluhlaza, izimbali ezincane, ugodo luhlaza onsomi.

Beka kusayithi nomhlabathi

Nehisopi nakuba eside kusukela ezovumelana nezimo zethu zezulu namanje ungowokuzalwa sezulu esifudumele Mediterranean, okuyinto ziwumthwalo uphawu elihambisana izici kulinywe yayo. Lesi sitshalo ukhetha amasayithi libalele entabeni encane.

Nehisopi enhlabathini akulona azwela kakhulu, izidingo eziyisisekelo - ukudlala, emoyeni futhi umswakama permeability, ukusabela naphakathi ongachemile kancane ane-alikhali. Akutuseki ukutshala ezindaweni lapho umoya abandayo kanye okusalungiswa kuyagcinwa, amanzi amile futhi waterlogging.

Officinalis nehisopi: nokunakekela izithombo

Imbewu izitshalo bachazwa isikhathi eside ukulondoloza ikhono lazo ziqhume bese Site kokutshala 3-4 iminyaka ngemva kokuvuna. Ukuze nehisopi usebenzisa izindlela ezimbili - izithombo kanye nonseedlings. Izinsuku utshala imbewu - engxenyeni yokuqala ka-March no-April no-May, ngokulandelana.

Lapho ekhula izithombo, okokuqala udinga ukuthi inhlabathi. Kungcono ukusebenzisa okunomsoco ngomumo eyenziwe, kulula futhi. Thela it ngokulinganayo emabhokisini engajulile, ukwenza anemifantu ejulile 1-1.5 cm futhi ngokulinganayo ukusabalalisa imbewu. Ngemva eziningana zalokhu amahlamvu avele, kubalulekile bagxuma nehisopi. Ukutshala futhi anakekele kule aphansi esizayo.

Etshalwe izimbiza ngazinye Peat-humus noma plastic izinkomishi izitshalo kufanele uyophuziswa njalo. Beka endaweni libalele futhi efudumele. Ngaphambi kokwehla, ungachitha omunye Umanyolo umquba yezimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi. Izithombo phansi abatshalwé izinsuku 45-60 ngaleso 5-7 leaf isigaba.

Kuyadingeka ukuba kuhambisane nohlelo ukugwema ukuqina. inombolo encane ngeziqu izovela onyakeni wokuqala, kodwa kusukela yokuqhuma yesibili siba yinsada futhi okusakazekile. Ezihlabayo aguge ngeminyaka, futhi lokhu baye baba amahlamvu ezincane nezimbali, ngakho lesi sitshalo Kunconywa ukuba esikhundleni nge entsha emva kweminyaka 4-5.

Ngqo imbewu emhlabathini nehisopi ezihlwanyelwe ngasekupheleni kuka-April no zakuqala May, lapho inhlabathi lifudumeza up ngokwanele. Kujula seal - 0.5-0.7 cm, ibanga phakathi imigqa -. 50-60 cm amahlumela avele ngemva kwamasonto 1-2. Lapho izitshalo kuyoba amahlamvu eziyisithupha kweqiniso, kufanele thinned out, kusale ibanga 20 cm phakathi izimo ngabanye.

Izici kulinywe

Omunye linesizotha amakhambi elimnandi engadini - lena nehisopi. Nokunakekela kwakhe, njengoba usuke wazibona, aphansi. Phakathi ezikhulayo inkathi ukhula eyanele embhedeni ukhula, athambise umhlabathi.

Ukunisela akufanele uphathwe kabi. Kwanele 2-3 izikhathi phezu kwawo wonke isizini, izinga ngalinye 1 sq. m -. 15-20 amalitha. Ukuze izimbali zawo ziwukudla luningi kuyadingeka ekwindla ukusikwa. Ifomu umumo ehlathini hemispherical, kokushiya amahlumela kumuntu ukuphakama 12-15 cm. Uma endaweni ikhula izinhlobo eziningana nehisopi, badinga ukuba behlukene, njengoba izitshalo kukhona ngokushesha okukhulu pereopylyayutsya.