NgesiSumerian inyanga unkulunkulu. Inyanga unkulunkulu kwabaseGibhithe

Izwe zenkolo, kanye nazo zonke ezinye izici zokuphila kanti womuntu, esikhathini sethu ivame ukuba ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha. Uhlangothi reverse intuthuko ehambisana ne-breaking emasikweni sesiqhubeka kahle, ukuxhumana esebenzayo kwemiphakathi ehlukene, futhi ngenxa yalokho, nokwanda okusheshayo kwenani ukunyakaza entsha yenkolo uhlamvu syncretic. Ukuthula eyisihlobo sphere benkolo izinkathi odlule yomlando gone. Futhi namhlanje, kukhona engaguquki mkhuba phezulu e ukufunwa ifa zangaphambi kobuKristu, okuqukethwe ogxile yobuqaba. Ukuvutha neopaganizma waphawula emhlabeni wonke, elikhula ngokushesha inani abalandeli babo. Lesi simo kwenza kube efanele, ngaphezu kwalokho - edingeka kakhulu, enemininingwane futhi sifunde sijule ezihlokweni wezenkolo lasendulo, izinganekwane yabo, izinkolelo nemikhuba yabantu.

Iduna nensikazi ebuqabeni

Abalandeli zobuqaba yesimanje kanye reenactors abathanda namahlelo abangamaqaba, liphefumulelwe izithombe lasendulo kabusha kwezithombe imvelo uhlelo, echaza ke ngolimi izinganekwane njengoba isethi eyinkimbinkimbi ubudlelwano phakathi kwamabutho ezahlukene umuntu nendawo yonke. Orthodox futhi jikelele e iningi lala takhiwo ziyizifenqo typological kankulunkulu welanga - uBaba archetypal waphezulu yonke - futhi unkulunkulukazi umhlaba - uMama oMkhulu. Lesi sakamuva ngokuvamile kuhlobene nokuba inyanga, elibangela ukubukeka zenhlalo ezahlukene imibhangqwana esitebeleni ilanga umhlaba-inyanga noma ilanga njengoba besilisa ukubonakaliswa lensikazi ophakeme isimiso saphezulu. Umsuka lezi zithombe kuyinto endala kakhulu, kukhona okungenani iminyaka ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi eyaqala izinsuku ezimpunga matriarchy. Ngokuvamile, zingabantu izithombe okukakhenoni endleleni yokuphila yaseNtshonalanga, kodwa futhi kufanele prototypes emasikweni amaningi benkolo baleli zwe. Nokho, zikhona izibonelo okuphambene. Ngokwesibonelo, isimo entwasahlobo saphezulu Geb ezindala zaseGibhithe naseSiriya Nut ukumela kombhala archetype jikelele. Goddess Nut - kuyinto unkulunkulukazi esibhakabhakeni, unkulunkulu Geb ophethe izwe. Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu Ngokufanayo kwenyanga babelwe izinhlamvu besilisa. Lokhu kunjalo, isibonelo, tengrizme - uhlelo Shamanic yenkolo Egypt efanayo (emelelwa Toth futhi Yaaha onkulunkulu), isiko amaVeda (ngaphansi ubuso kankulunkulu Soma). Lezi ukukhathazeka okufanayo futhi Sin - unkulunkulu zenyanga Sumer lasendulo.

NgesiSumerian inyanga ihlelo. unkulunkulu Nanna

Imininingwane wahlukana futhi iyona mayelana yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi izindikimba zasezulwini, thina bagxeka isiko nesi, kusitshela amagama amabili - Shin (Shin) kanye Nunn. Kusukela yesibili ka lezi zinhlamvu ezimbili - unkulunkulu lasendulo zenyanga kule ndawo. Ngokusho izinganekwane, wayeyindodana kankulunkulu Enlil, umzukulu ophakeme esibhakabhakeni unkulunkulu Anu. Ngakho, Nunn - umzalwane Ninurta futhi Ishkur. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena sired twins ezimbili - edumile Ishtar nonkulunkulu uShamash.

isithombe aphathelene nezinganekwane Nunn

igama Nunn kusho "Nkosi kwesibhakabhaka." Kodwa Mr esibhakabhakeni - lokhu akulona nonkulunkulu ilanga nenyanga unkulunkulu. Kulokhu, lo epithet njalo ezihlobene kuphela inkanyiso ebusuku. Nunn kuyinto ngokuvamile isihambi olwandle wasezulwini ngomkhumbi, okuyinto ethatha njengoba ucezu. Yingakho isidlaliso sakhe 'Magura ", okusho ukuthi" umkhumbi ".

Ukusabalala yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi Nunn

Izenzo Specific, ngokusho idatha atholakalayo, Nunn angawenzanga, emkhakheni love, futhi, akavusanga. Noma kunjalo, inani labantu Sumer, wathola ilungelo elikhulu nokubonwa. Ekuqaleni, njengoba unkulunkulu nomvikeli emzini wase-Uri, lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa Nunn iwine eHarana wabe ikhonye futhi eNippur - inhlokodolobha benkolo Sumer. Ngakho, unkulunkulu wenyanga wayengumholi e isibalo sabalandeli kanye abayithandayo emphakathini nesi.

Ukuthuthukiswa yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi Nunn

Inkolo abantu basendulo babengazi nge ukubukeka ubudlelwane yamasosha noma ukuhweba waqala Okusizayo nomthelela nomunye, futhi izithombe ezifanayo archetypal ngokuvamile benziwe eyodwa. Ngenxa yalezi izinqubo, inyanga nesi unkulunkulu Nanna benziwe yomkhakha owodwa nge WaseBabiloni inyanga unkulunkulu Sin, elanyatheliswa ngo-isiko esifundeni isithombe ephelele onkulunkulu ebusuku inkanyiso badabula phakathi namakhulu eminyaka.

Esinye isibonelo esiphawulekayo yayigcwele amathempeli onkulunkulu besilisa elihlobene ne-engumngane Umhlaba, sikunikeza Egypt.

Inyanga unkulunkulu kwabaseGibhithe

Okuningi ngokunembile, isiko waseGibhithe uyazi okungekho noyedwa kodwa okungenani ezintathu besilisa onkulunkulu oyinyanga - Thoth Yaaha futhi Khonsu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi eGibhithe lasendulo, umlando walo kwakungewona inkolo eyodwa. Nakuba kwenziwa imizamo abeke-ke, Prefecture ngamunye, edolobheni ngalinye wahlala ethembekile onkulunkulu babo. Yiqiniso, kwakukhona unkulunkulu kazwelonke, kodwa indima yabo basezinganekwaneni, lozalo, imisebenzi kanye nemikhuba sehlelo ingahluka kakhulu omunye isikhungo kwenye ehlonishwayo.

AbaseGibhithe ayebambelela ezivamile, ngaphakathi okuyinto ukufudumeza sebuningini izikole lenkolo elizimele. Ngakho-ke, inyanga unkulunkulu kuwo wonke amadolobha amakhulu kwadingeka yayo.

Thoth

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke futhi abavelele kunabo bonke onkulunkulu eyaziwa kwenyanga laseGibhithe, ngaphandle kokungabaza, Lowo. isithombe lakhe izwele kangangokuthi ngisho esikhathini sethu, bambalwa abantu ayezwile igama lakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi banner sehlelo hermetic kankulunkulu Thoth wakufeza izinsuku zethu. Kuyinto kuphela unkulunkulu waseGibithe lasendulo, ubani isiphetho kokululama kule ndaba.

Kodwa ngokuvamile, endaweni ethile lokhu uhlamvu uJesu akabanga nje ukukhanya ebusuku. Ngakho kuqala kukho konke Omunye - hhayi kuphela unkulunkulu enyangeni, kodwa umxhasi ubuciko nolwazi, umthombo wokuhlakanipha, umsunguli we lokubhala, nesithunywa onkulunkulu. Wahamba umphefumulo oshonile eMbusweni Abafileyo futhi njengoba umbhali wayekhona ngesikhathi kuqulwa icala lakhe Osiris.

Thoth laliyisikhungo sokukhulekela kwedolobha Hermopolis. Ngokwesiko, unkulunkulu wenyanga abaseGibhithe ukuboniswa elekhanda Ibis, okwakubekelwa kubhekwe isilwane sakhe esingcwele. Futhi umka esikweyoku kwaphezulu kwakungeyona unkulunkulukazi Maat - umvikeli we iqiniso, kanye nanoma yiluphi uhlobo oda.

Nkulunkulu Yaah

Mhlawumbe Yaah - iyona endala kwenyanga unkulunkulu waseGibhithe onkulunkulu. Ekuqaleni, lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa yakhe wazalelwa eThebes, lapho kukhulekwa njengoba inyanga njengoba nje lo mkhuba imvelo yezinkanyezi. Eqinisweni, igama elithi "Yaah" ngokwalo limane lisho "inyanga" noma "inyanga".

Lokhu kukhulekela umbusi Yaaha ngokushesha iqhakazile, bese ngokushesha nje yawela labhidlika, abakwazanga ukuncintisana namanye amathempeli onkulunkulu enqunywa ngokuthwasa kwenyanga. Nokho, umbuthano emincane abayithandayo Yaaha njalo inakekelwe. It ukhuluma ngalokhu ezivamile, nakuba izithombe ezingavamile zalesi unkulunkulu, kanye Imibhalo yenqubo yenkonzo lwaseGibhithe lasendulo. Wale mithandazo, ubufakazi ebaluleke kakhulu indima ebalulekile Yaaha Incwadi elibi Olufile.

Mayelana izinganekwane kanye neminye imininingwane ye ukuphila nokukhulekela ubuNkulunkulu kuncane kakhulu ezaziwayo. Kuze kube manje, ihlelo Yaaha uhlala esinye zezici okungenani wafunda wenkolo baseGibhithe lasendulo. Nokho, abanye ososayensi basikisela ukuthi yena Jewish unkulunkulu uJehova waba sibonelo esisodwa, yokuxhuma lab 'onkulunkulu ababili kuphela futhi ekhonza njengephayona umthombo ukukhulekela kwabo.

unkulunkulu Khonsu

Hounsou - enye inyanga unkulunkulu waseGibhithe. Nokho, lokhu kufanekisa ehambisana nayo, asiqokomisa, ngokungafani kuya Thoth futhi Yaaha, inkambo eyindilinga zokuphila. kakhulu Igama Khonsu kusho "Ukudlula". Ngakho, unkulunkulu ikhalenda, umbusi isikhathi. Yingakho ukubaluleka kwayo okukhulu, ngoba ku imijikelezo yenyanga abaseGibhithe ibalwa ngonyaka, zonyaka, izikhukhula saseNayile, ngesikhathi yokulima nokuvuna.

lozalo aphathelene nezinganekwane imputes indima yabazali Khonsu kunkulunkulu u-Amun futhi Mut. Isikhathi Nkosi kuvezwa ezicashe umfana noma insizwa idiski kwenyanga ekhanda lakhe. Futhi ngenxa yalesi ubuhlobo iconographic ngezinye izikhathi kuhlobene nezinga Harpocrates - ngasekupheleni unkulunkulu syncretic uthule futhi kuthule kuthé cwaka.

Synthesis onkulunkulu kwenyanga Egypt

Njengomhlaba nesi inyanga unkulunkulu Nanna-Sin, onkulunkulu inyanga abaseGibithe futhi benziwe ngomfanekiso olulodwa, futhi inhlanganisela ezihlukahlukene. Ngezinye izikhathi ezahlukene kanye ezindaweni ezahlukene ezaziwayo izithombe zokwenziwa le Thoth-Yaaha, Thoth futhi Khonsu-Yaahya-Khonsu.

Noma kunjalo, inyanga unkulunkulu emhlabeni lasendulo yayingesinye unkulunkulu kubaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa indima ebalulekile satellite emhlabeni e umphakathi, ezolimo, ukuphila yemvelo ezabantu nezezilwane nemvelo uwonke.