Ngokukhethekile evikelwe izingxenye imvelo nezimfunda. Izimila Nezilwane we emathafeni

Tundra - endaweni ehlukile zemvelo, izungezwe enyakatho zone ehlathini naseningizimu ehlane Arctic. Kuyinto ngezinga elikhulu endaweni nge komkhathi esingapheliyo Iqhwa, okuyinto ngenxa emhlabathini eneqhwa akuvamile incibilikiswa ngokuphelele. Ngenxa yalokho, bonke abebegibele zone, kuhlanganise izitshalo, kufanele siqhubeke siphila ezimweni ezinzima zezulu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abaningi babo ivikelwe ngokukhethekile izingxenye imvelo nezimfunda. Ngitshele kabanzi, onjani izinto.

Kwesimo sezulu nezenzakalo nezimo emathafeni ase-: Winter

Ngoba senza ukubhuka ukuthi emathafeni elinesimo sezulu onokhahlo, sizokutshela ngakho in a Ngamafuphi. Ngakho, ubusika kulesi ethafeni abandayo kanye treeless is eside. Winter sihlala 6-8 noma ngisho 9 izinyanga. Phakathi naso sonke lesi sikhathi izindlu we emathafeni balinde isithwathwa umoya abandayo ngisho iqhwa iziphepho.

Njenganoma iyiphi indawo polar, emathafeni ase kukhona nobusuku obungamashumi polar ukuthi ukuhlela zenzeka phakathi noma ekupheleni kukaJanuwari kanye ihlala izinyanga 1-2. Uma kuziwa eside elindelwe usuku polar, abakhileyo ndawo kufakwe avikelwe ngokukhethekile izingxenye imvelo emathafeni, ukhungethwe umoya onamandla enyakatho futhi snowstorm. Amazinga isilinganiso ngesikhathi ebusika ifinyelela -30 degrees Celsius.

Fall, entwasahlobo nasehlobo

Autumn phezu emathafeni oqala ngo-September, entwasahlobo - ngoMeyi, futhi ehlobo - ngoJulayi. Isikhathi emfushane konyaka Arctic sezulu zone ubhekwa ehlobo. Lapha-ke izimpukane ngokushesha futhi cishe kungabonakali. Amazinga isilinganiso kwelinye evuthayo kakhulu ngezindinganiso emathafeni ase ngenyanga ka Julayi (ngezinye izikhathi ngo-August) kuyinto 5-10 degrees Celsius.

Phakathi iDemo inkathi ehlobo ezweni ezonini ye eyiqhwa akanayo isikhathi ukuxoxa kuze kube sekupheleni. Ngakho, ngesikhathi lapho ilanga obusuka ukushisa phansi kuqhathaniswa kanzima kungenzeka ukuthi kulungele cm 50 kuphela ezijulile. All that remains ngezansi lesi sendlalelo, njengoba umkhuba imibukiso, is zifakwa futhi simisiwe phansi. Ngesizathu esifanayo, amanzi ithole emhlabathini kwezulu, abakwazi ukungena ku-ka abangaphezu kwengxenye imitha ukujula. Futhi lapho kuphakama kule nokhahlo sezulu zone amachibi eziningi futhi emaxhaphozini. Yiziphi izimfanelo zobuntu emathafeni, sizoqhubeka.

Izitshalo ezonini Iqhwa

Njengoba wazi, abameleli flora ukusinda oh kunzima kangakanani emhlabathini eqandisiwe. Kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, emathafeni ase-ungathola izitshalo amazing kanye nezihlahla. Ngokwesibonelo, kuyathakazelisa ubukeka moss noma ulele izinyamazane. Lapha etshalwa nalabo amajikijolo esihlwabusayo njengoba aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ama-cloudberry nama-lingonberry. Futhi ngenxa emathafeni libhekene inqwaba wona kanye ulele, okuyizinto iwukudla okuyintandokazi inyamazane.

Ngamunye ukunakwa izihlahla emathafeni, phakathi lapho kukhona labo bafel 'ukholo ithuba njengoba willow kanye birch. Kulokhu, zombili izinhlobo izihlahla mancane futhi ezingaba yemifino. Iningi izitshalo endaweni ye transience ehlobo abe ukukhula ongaphakeme futhi ezinwabuzelayo eduze umqhele phansi, siyivumele ukuba baphathe ngokuphepha ebusika futhi ujabulele ipheshulwa ozolile umoya ukungena kwentwasahlobo nehlobo.

Izwe elisizungezile: emathafeni ase nezakhamuzi zawo enezimpiko

Emathafeni ase-zingatholakala ptarmigan, okuyinto ehlobo ofaka izingubo ensundu inemibala egqamile futhi ivunule ubusika efudumele elimhlophe "noboya coat kanye amabhuzu" (okungukuthi indlela umsila notshani, esehlanganise ngokuphelele imilenze nyoni). A lonke ngonyaka ayikashintshi yayo izimpaphe ezimhlophe we isikhova, mini ngekhephu. Ngenxa yenani elikhulu izimpaphe emzimbeni nasemilenzeni, le nyoni isikhathi eside ukuba ahlale endaweni eyodwa, ngisho abafileyo ebusika, futhi umoya onamandla.

Izilwane ezihlala emathafeni ase

Phakathi kwezilwane kukhona Fluffy emathafeni lemmings imilenze esifushane, nomsila nezindlebe encane. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lezi zilwane musa lokulala ubusika bonke futhi ezikhula kahle kule iqhwa ngezansi. Futhi lapha ungabona izimpungushe amahle okusheshayo, izinyamazane ngezimpondo enkulu futhi zisinda, impungushe, impisi, nonogwaja, namagundane, imvu bighorn nezinye. Abaningi izakhamuzi zaso ezisengozini yokushabalala, kanye-ke ibekwe zibe sebuthweni lezokuvikela nezimfunda.

Okunye abakhileyo emathafeni

Ngenxa yenani elikhulu emachibini emaxhaphozini, kanye kwezulu ngokweqile (phakathi nonyaka lapho uwela 200-300 mm) emathafeni ase-ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukiseni izinambuzane igazi-abancela ezinamaphiko. Ngo amadamu ngokwabo ukuntanta izinhlanzi enkulu kangaka njengoba omul, salmon ezimhlophe, whitefish futhi whitefish.

Izinkinga ezithinta imvelo emathafeni

Nature Conservancy Kumele emathafeni - lena inselele ebalulekile zemvelo emhlabeni wonke. Isiphetho esinjalo zingenziwa ngemva kokuhlaziya ulwazi olutholakala kule ndawo ngokhahlo wokwakha nezinye izakhiwo enze ukukhiqizwa zokuthutha namafutha.

Ngenxa isimo sengqondo sokungakunaki ukusebenza kanye nokuphepha sokungalandeli umthetho kwenzeka njalo avuzayo nophethiloli. Umphumela ukungcola, ukucekelwa phansi kwezitshalo nezilwane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimu ka emathafeni ase wathutha izitimela ukukhiqizwa, okuyinto uhlala emva udoti, wabhubhisa ekugcineni ikhava izimila inhlabathi. Ngenxa ukubhujiswa uhlaza wabulala izinyamazane nezinye izilwane nezinyoni.

Yini izinqolobane kukhona emathafeni ase-?

Ngenxa yalo msebenzi ehlelekile ezemvelo kanye nezinye Ochwepheshe wadala futhi wadala eziningi nemvelo reserves nezimfunda. Ngakho, kulesi indawo ye eyiqhwa has eziningana imvelo inothile, okukuvumela ukubuyisela ibhalansi yemvelo insimu futhi ukulondoloza izilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa labantu abahlala emathafeni.

Ngokwesibonelo, kukhona izinto ezilandelayo kwemvelo:

• ELapland esiqiwini.
• Taimyr Reserve.
• "Wrangel Isiqhingi" State Reserve.
• Altai Reserve.

Yiziphi izingxenye ubunjalo avikelwe ngokukhethekile we emathafeni, thina uchaze ngezansi.

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana eLapland Indawo egicna imvelo

ELapland esiqiwini - omunye sites ezibaluleke kakhulu zemvelo e-Europe. It has amapheshana omkhulu bemvelo acwebile, lapho izilwane nezinyoni bahamba ngokukhululeka. Itholakala edolobhaneni encane Murmansk esifundeni futhi endaweni ingqikithi 278 435 amahektha umhlaba. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-198 zezinyoni, mayelana 31 zezilwane kanye 370 zezitshalo.

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana Taimyr Reserve

Ngo avikelwe ngokukhethekile izingxenye imvelo efakwe ohlwini emathafeni futhi Taimyr Reserve, wadala ngo-February 1979. Itholakala ku-Krasnoyarsk Territory endaweni yeNhlonhlo Taimyr. Lapha-ke etholakala 222 zama-wona kanye ulele cishe 265 izitshalo, 116 zezinyoni, 15 zezinhlanzi kanye mayelana 21 ezinhlobo zezilwane.

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana esiqiwini isimo "Wrangel Isiqhingi"

"Wrangel Isiqhingi" - inqolobane ezinkulu futhi ezinhle nge endaweni ingqikithi 2.225.650 ha, kuhlanganise amanzi zone kanye sesikhashana zone. Kukhona izintaba eziningi namagquma, bangazihluphi mayelana 2/3 of yonke insimu yabo. Ngaphansi kwesivikelo reserve itholakala mayelana 641 zezitshalo, 169 zezinyoni kanti ezinye zezilwane. Ngakho, lapha vuma izimpungushe kanye wolverines, amabhere, ochakide, izimpisi, caribou futhi must kube ngokweminikelo yephasika.

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana Altai Reserve

Enye into kuyinto kwemvelo Altai egicna imvelo, elise ezinkangala iningizimu yeSiberia. Wayelethwa welulela ku amahektha kwezigidi ezimbili, okuyinto ngokuphelele zonke ukhule zinhlobo 1500 isitshalo, eziningi zazo ohlwini ezisengozini. Lapha siphile mayelana 70 zezilwane, kuhlanganise 29 izilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa kuthiwa.