Njengendawo eseningizimu kakhulu kule planethi yethu - eSouth Pole

Blue ikhampasi inaliti njalo uveza enyakatho, ngakho uma uya kolunye uhlangothi isikhathi eside ngokwanele kuze umcibisholo is hhayi ekhombe iqonde, popadosh iphi eseningizimu iplanethi yethu - eSouth Pole.

Lokhu akulungile ngakho, iplanethi yethu, kukhona izingongolo South eziningana.

definition

Igama elithi "isigxobo" lumiswa umkhawulo, umngcele, ekupheleni iphuzu noma iyiphi indawo noma okuthile kanye iphambene - kulesi simo kungcono umqondo fresh, futhi kuleli zwe kukhona izigxobo ezimbili kuphela, ngaphansi noma ngaphezulu, mhlawumbe, e imihlaba kanye umqondo ezahlukene isikhala.

Eplanethini yethu, kukhona izingongolo yokuhlala - North kanye eNingizimu (eseningizimu kakhulu kule planethi yethu), okuyinto zitholakala lapho-eksisi wale planethi Ukujikeleza ephambana ubuso bayo ngesikhathi amaphuzu amabili. Njengazo zonke ukweqisa, izigxobo kunemaphutsa eziningana: akulezi zindawo we izixhumanisi ezindawo abe-latitude kuphela, ngokulandelana, lezi zingongolo Awekho ngezigaba zezikhathi - khetha noma iyiphi.

Futhi, izigxobo zakhe ekhethekile abe amakhaza kanye ezingafinyeleleki, ngisho igama yabo iba ungakhululekile.

Izinti kazibuthe

UMhlaba has kazibuthe eyenziwe umnyombo iplanethi, yakhiwa ancibilikile, kuhlanganise metal. Njenganoma yimuphi emisebeni kagesi, it has a umugqa amandla okubonisa isiqondiso ngemisebe. Kuyinto lezi imigqa bephoqeleka ukuba bachezuke inaliti yekhampasi ukuthi njalo zifana nalezi imigqa, ngokuqinile kwelinye direction. Nokunyamalala Iphuzu lala imigqa abizwa ngokuthi izigxobo kazibuthe - nasenyakatho, naseningizimu, futhi bayaphola futhi musa kuhambisane womhlaba. Ababona bahlukene futhi okungukuthi, eksisi kazibuthe Zomhlaba, yokuxhuma pole magnetic aluphumeleli ngokusebenzisa isikhungo zomhlaba.

Phela, lo eningizimu pole magnetic edonsela isigxobo eningizimu inaliti yekhampasi, futhi njengoba amacala okuphambene ukuheha, ukuthi ilungile ngaphezulu ukubiza North.

isikhundla ezindawo

Iphuzu ku komhlaba ne izixhumanisi 90⁰ 00 eNingizimu '00' '- South Pole - njengendawo eseningizimu kakhulu kule planethi yethu. NabasePoland got olunzima maqondana nesimo sezulu esishintshashintshayo planethi. North ivuliwe eqhweni Arctic Ocean, t. E. Ngo olwandle, elise phakathi izindawo enkulu ezweni. South - e-Antarctica, ie engxenyeni okuqinile kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ngu olwandle ...

Kuma-pole, ilanga liphuma kanye ngonyaka, eyaphumela izinyanga eziyisithupha ihlala phansi ngemuva emkhathizwe. Ngo-Antarctic, usuku luqala 22 Septhemba, luthatha izinsuku 178 futhi iphela ngo-March.

Isimo sezulu

Naphezu "hot" igama, eSouth Pole - the nephuzu aseningizimu iplanethi - yezindawo kwezimiso ukuphila kakhulu. Itholakala kuleli zwekazi, embozwe ungqimba obukhulu ngeqhwa, bethamele ilanga kukhona ngempela eziyinkinga - isimo sezulu e-South Pole kuyinto lalingu-North. Njengoba kuvela, ngoba sisuswa kusukela ogwini nolwandle - kungcono yemvelo ukushisa accumulator. indawo yaso phezu kwegquma, kanye ezingavamile yelanga ukufinyelela kwamanzi, kubonakala iqhwa beleyshim. Emkhakheni pole, ngesikhathi Amundsen-Scott (USA) waphawula -82,8 ⁰S lokushisa, okuyinto ukufudumala 7⁰ kuphela irekhodi ongaphakeme bhalisiwe e esiteshini Russian "Vostok", etholakala kulelivekati efanayo.

Conquest we-South Pole

Ngemva bomkhankaso American kaPeary Arctic, lapho North Pole, injongo eyinhloko amaphayona lavulwa ngo-1909, kuye kwaba iphuzu eningizimu kakhulu kuyiplanethi yethu. Umlando kokunqotshwa South Pole wayengomunye walaba Amakhasi lokugcina umlando wezwe okutholakele womhlaba, futhi omunye esimangalisa kunazo.

Esikhathini uhlanga abathintekayo amaqembu amabili: Norway, eliholwa edume wamazwe polar Amundsen Rualdom kanye nayo iBritish iphansi kwesandla sika- Robert Scott. Kamuva, e-England lasakazekela incazelo elandelayo yale mikhankaso: yakhelwe kufike emniningwaneni wokugcina, ebugqilini kunoma yiliphi iqembu ingozi kubanda, kubalwa kanye nobuqhawe ngiyibona Norwegian eyiNgisi romantic. Amundsen ikakhulukazi wasola amahlanu huskies, okwashukumisa nethimba lakhe, njengoba siqhubekela phambili ukuze North Pole yaba umthombo okuphakelayo izinja ezisele futhi abantu.

Januwari 17, 1912 baseNorway safinyelela pole, ngaphambi Scott inyanga. Njengendawo eseningizimu kakhulu emhlabeni kwaba phezu isizinda at ibanga 1,300 km, Amundsen safinyelela isigxobo e izinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokuqala umkhankaso nayo wabuyela ngokuphila, ukuchitha endleleni emuva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 ngaphansi. 5 abantu ngaphansi ithimba Scott kwakubucayi befinyelela umgomo, futhi lapho kutholakala beat yabo Amundsen. Batholakale beshonile ngiyingcuba izinyanga eziyisithupha kuphela.

Isimo samanje

On Antarctica ayinakho division indawo, bavunyelwe kocwaningo kuphela eyenziwa ngaphansi isivumelwano samazwe onke. Ngesikhathi South Pole kuyinto ucwaningo esiteshini American, yaqanjwa Laba - Amundsen noScott, ngakho ifakwe endaweni isiko for izithombe - njengendawo eseningizimu kakhulu emhlabeni. Liluphawu ekhethekile othini sizungezwe amafulegi lamazwe iqhaza ukuhlola Antarctic.

Minyaka yonke, isibonakaliso displacement we igobolondo ice on the eningizimu amazwekazi emhlabeni kuphambuka zero-longitude amamitha ayishumi, futhi kufanele ihlelwe kabusha. Ngenhlanhla, njalo bezwe eseningizimu ivulekile ngaphandle umzamo ukuthi yasetshenziswa ngu amaqhawe isayensi ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX. Manje usebenza esibondeni webcam, futhi evakashele yayo kufakwe ohlwini nemizila izivakashi.