Nokwehlukana dielectrics

Isenzakalo lapho kwenzeka yisivikelo ulinganiselwe ngandlela lemali amacala ahlobene ukufuduka, noma kukhona ithuba dipoles kagesi, wathola isihloko kuyi-physics nokwehlukana dielectrics. Kule nqubo kungenzeka noma ngaphandle kokuhlela kusengaphambili, ngenxa izimbangela yangaphakathi, noma ngaphansi kwethonya amabutho angaphandle, okokuqala kunakho konke, amasimu kagesi.

I physico-zezibalo kuveza inqubo libhekene vector nokwehlukana emele isikhashana dipole, okuyinto kubonakala maqondana ubukhulu ivolumu Kwe-dielectric Heating. Kaningi ngokomongo ngokomzimba ukusetshenziswa ngokuya lula - nokwehlukana. Lokhu ipharamitha isetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ukubonisa isimo macroscopic. Ingasetshenziselwa ukuchaza iyiphi izenzakalo nge izakhiwo agcwele nokwehlukana dielectrics.

Ngesisekelo lesi sitatimende, singakwazi ukusungula uphawu olujwayelekile lomkhuba. isimo esinjalo we Kwe-dielectric Heating lapho kutholwa khona okwamanje dipole iphoyinti umthamo yayo ngamunye, futhi ephawula nokwehlukana dielectrics.

Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa kuyadida ngokwemvelo. Hlukanisa zinhlobo ezifana nokwehlukana eyenga ka dielectrics, ukuthi kubangelwa ithonya Amasimu kagesi zangaphandle, nokuguqulwa, kwakheka ku engekho ejenti zangaphandle nokwehlukana mechanical (ferroelectric) ezakhiwe isenzo ejenti mechanical, ukushisa lapho kuphakama ngenxa lokushisa ekushintshashintsheni is.

I engavamile nokwehlukana njengendlela mkhuba ngokomzimba ukuthi unakho nhlobo nomthelela ukubaluleka icala ingqikithi a Kwe-dielectric Heating eyohlobo, noma yini iphuzu umthamo yayo alukhethiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, nokwehlukana kwenzeka ngesikhathi kumiswa amacala lesibopho phezu Kwe-dielectric Heating. Lezi amacala imithombo insimu kwabangela ukushuba komoya ezengeziwe, okuyinto sibhekiswe vector zangaphandle Vector ensimini.

Okubalulekile kulolu daba imele, futhi nokwehlukana dielectrics ngezigaba ngokusho izindlela zalo siqu. Kulokhu-ke lifaka phakathi izinhlobo ezifana:

- Ukufuduka nobuntu izinto lapho isakhiwo ngokucacile izingqimba ebonakalayo nge conductivity ezahlukene. nokwehlukana okunjalo libhekene isenzo ilibele;

- nokwehlukana elekthronikhi ukuhambisa amagobolondo zama-athomu bedle zangaphandle Amasimu kagesi. Lokhu - uhlobo esheshayo ye nokwehlukana;

- ion libhekene izici efanayo electronics, kodwa kulokhu kungekho ukufuduka Amagobolondo angama-athomu, futhi ezihambayo node isakhiwo crystal ngehele izinto;

- dipole, noma njengoba ibizwa orientation nokwehlukana libhekene ukulahlekelwa okukhulu, imbangela okuyinto bangakunaki omkhulu wamandla izithathe ukuze ixazulule leyo ukuxhumana yangaphakathi e-Kwe-dielectric Heating. Ukuze orientation we nokwehlukana Kwe-dielectric Heating mkhuba nobuntu ukuma kahle echaziwe dipoles;

- electron ukuphumula libhekene kokuba orientation isici eqondile electron;

- ion-ukuphumula nokwehlukana dielectrics kuboniswe ezihambayo ion ukuthi ifa ababuthakathaka ukuxhumana yangaphakathi futhi fixed stably e isakhiwo crystal ngehele ISIZINDA impahla;

- block nalo kuboniswa ukuma ethile izakhi Kwe-dielectric Heating, kodwa kulokhu la makhemikhali ukungcola ahlukahlukene, okuyindawo ehlanganisa into Kwe-dielectric Heating. Lokhu nokwehlukana kwenzeka kancane;

- nokuguqulwa (nokuguqulwa) ebonwe dielectrics nge eliphezulu kakhulu permeability imingcele, bebizwa ferroelectrics;

- ukuqondana kwezinto libhekene resonance Kwe-dielectric Heating imvamisa electron at amaza esebenza kwalo ensimini, ngakho-ke, empeleni, lelo gama.

Njengomthetho, kuzo zonke izimo, ngaphandle nokwehlukana resonant, inani layo ifinyelela esiphezulu emikhakheni static.