Oro - isihlahla ezishisayo noma izihlahlana? Incazelo, ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo. Oro - kokufa esihlahleni

Inkulumo lapha ohamba kwabacindezeli isihlahla indoda yokudla, kukhulunywa ngayo kaningi ngazo ezinganekwaneni eziningi zasendulo ngisho ngaphezulu yesimanje iphephandaba isasasa. Botany, wahlola ngempela ngokucophelela emakhoneni ezingafinyeleleki futhi ezikude kakhulu zaleli iplanethi enguMhlaba, lutho embi hhayi wahlangana, ngomqondo, njengoba yayibizwa echazwe imisebenzi.

Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ukuthi kukhona ngempela oro esihlahleni, lapho likhula futhi iziphi izici zako.

izitshalo Homeland - East, India kanye Malay Archipelago.

Nasi umlando

Ngenxa yalesi isihlahla Sekuyisikhathi eside igxilile udumo kahle. Kwaba yisikhathi eside wacabanga ukuthi oro - ". Isihlahla sokufa"

Umyalezo wokuqala kakhulu Ancharov yanyatheliswa ngo 1783 kumagazini London namazwi eyiNgisi, wasebenza udokotela ohlinzayo esiqhingini Java. Batshelwa ukuthi, ngokuvumelana amahemuhemu bendawo, lesi sihlahla luwushevu ukuze azungeze endaweni engaba 15 amamayela konke okuphilayo efa. Futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa ushevu isihlahla kufanisa ekufeni (ke sasithathwa ikakhulukazi iziboshwa). Kwatholakala ukuthi ulwazi olungamanga ngokuphelele, kodwa isithombe "ukufa esihlahleni" Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi wahlala phakathi abafundi futhi ngokushesha ukusakaza. Ngakho oro baba edume.

Futhi G. Rumpf (sezitshalo Dutch) enkazimulweni ezimbi ungeze esihlahleni. Wathunywa phakathi XVII ekhulwini kuleli koloni (Makassar), ukuthola ukuthi yini ukutshala abomdabu unika ushevu, abawasebenzisela ushevu imicibisholo. Rumpf iminyaka engu-15 nje badoba ulwazi olufanele kuye evela bendawo. Ekugcineni, umphumela wawuba umbiko we kusolwa isihlahla anobuthi.

Oro - isihlahla, okuyinto izimbongi eziningi ziye zanikezela amavesi zabo (isibonelo, AS Pushkin).

Ngemva kwesikhathi eside, isitshalo emangalisayo ibilokhu wafunda kabanzi. Ngisho abacwaningi lokuqala, owayemazi ngokuseduze ngezindaba ezimbi mayelana "isihlahla sokufa", abangu abakhahlamezwe yokuthi le nyoni izinkathazo futhi ekhululekile ehlezi amagatsha zalesi sitshalo.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwaba sobala ukuthi amagatsha kanye nezinye izingxenye kwesihlahla akunangozi ngoba abantu nezilwane. Eziyingozi kumane ijusi uvela indawo iphutha. Ezikhathini zasendulo bomdabu liye esetshenziswa resin anobuthi gcoba arrowheads senzelwe izitha.

Namuhla, lesi sitshalo ayisekho isicelo definition esibi "isihlahla sokufa." Futhi kubonakala sengathi lo oro esihlahleni? Lokhu kwaba eminye kancane esihlokweni.

Oro (ukhuni): Incazelo

Oro - a uhlobo lwe izitshalo (kamalibhele umndeni), okuqondene izihlahla ezihlale ziluhlaza noma nezihlahla. It kuvela ukuthi kuba Isihlobo esisondelene kamalibhele nemikhiwane. Kukhona futhi ezinye izinhlobo zawo ezinesihlungu Anchar.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kokubili ukubukeka imvelo elikhulayo Lesi sihlahla kuthiwa sesineminyaka hhayi efana okushiwo enkondlweni abadumile.

Kukhona e uhlobo zokhuni treelike zokhuni, okwakuvame ukuba ukuma kwesihlahla somuthi, a indawo kanye nokhuni ngempela okuqinile. Sitholakala ezintabeni zakwa Stony nenhlabathi namadwala, lapho kukhona ngokuvamile akukho utshani bukhule. Lesi simila akuyona ezinesihlungu, kodwa kubonakala engavamile abaMhlophe. Kukhona kokuqagela ukuthi imbongi kungase kukhungathekise izitshalo ezimbili noma umane wahambisana nabo ethulwa ngesimo lomuthi esabekayo, ethwele ukufa.

Ukuphakama usinamathelise isiqu oro umuthi 40 amamitha. Crohn encane laphetha, nge elula eshiya ubude 10-20 ngamasentimitha.

Izimbali kwadingeka ezincane, enyinyekile futhi uvalwe bahlangana inflorescences nge goblet languishing emhlabeni.

Stem siqukethe fruitlets encane eziningi, ohlezi uvalwe kakhulu futhi ngayinye inezinsuku perianth yayo namanzi.

izakhiwo

Oro - isihlahla equkethe emaqabungeni azo juice, okuyinto lapho hit emzimbeni kungaba avela kuphela ithumba esikhumbeni. Antiarin ushevu esiqine kungenziwa kuphela etholwe nge ziphuzo zazihluzwa ekhethekile juice ancharnogo (igama yesayensi kwesihlahla - "antiaris"). Vele bendawo okungewakho indlela yokukhiqiza ushevu ehlala njalo isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, naphezu yokungabatholi idumela elihle kakhulu esihlahleni, bendawo kabanzi isebenzisa amagxolo obukhulu amahle ngempela nokunwebeka ukwenza izingubo zokugqoka amatshe. Izingcweti ekhiqizwa indwangu emhlophe obukhulu efanelekayo lokuthunga ibhulukwe kanye shirts.

Mayelana nomculi

Igama layo ejwayelekile (Antiaris toxicaria) yasungulwa ngo engumFulentshi Jacques Lesheno (isihambi, isazi semvelo kanye sezitshalo). Wabuye wachaza simila.

Ngo ulimi isi-Javanese oro - ziwubuthi.

Eqinisweni-ke, wesabeka, izindaba, isihlahla wayemude futhi enhle, ezikhula eziqhingini Malay Archipelago, kodwa ikakhulu kuvamile Java.

Kwaphela isikhathi eside, lesi sitshalo kungokwalabo umndeni sembabazane.

ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ezindaweni ezishisayo babe eyaziwa, njengoba kuchazwe inkondlo "Uwedwa ezikhulayo" ku Sands izihlahla. Kuyini imvula? Lokhu iqoqo uhlaza zahlukahlukene kakhulu, izihlahla, kusahlangene imivini ezahlukene. Oro ehlane engakhuli, kulapho inhlabathi akudingeki ukuncika kuye. Sikhula endaweni friendly nezinye izimila, okuyinto neze abathintekayo. Nokho, zikhona, abanye "esigodini sokufa" ungaphakathi Java, eyakhiwa amaqoqo imikhiqizo wentaba-mlilo umsebenzi kulezi zindawo (sulphur umusi ne-carbon dioxide). oro Pushkin Mhlawumbe lalikhulela phakathi omunye lezi zigodi?

Abatshali bezimbali baye benza ihlukaniswe izinhlobo eziningana Anchar ezikhulayo e-India, esiqhingini Sri Lanka futhi wonke Malaysia (juice Milky Anchar kulezi zindawo kuyinto enobuthi kakhulu), kuze Philippine Islands. oro Nonpoisonous ( "isikhwama isihlahla") sitholakala India. amagxolo zakamuva isetshenziswa ukwenza izikhwama eliqinile le izinto.

isicelo

Njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, kukodwa oro yingozi. Lokhu juice kuba anobuthi. Futhi cishe yonke zenyathi yayo yilezo, oro ikakhulukazi ezinobuthi. Kwaba juice yakhe abokuzalwa kwa-Java anobuthi arrowheads. juice Anchar ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule kanye imicibisholo anobuthi ngoba "sarbakana" (air sokuzingela), kanye nakulabo abahileleka isizinda juice, kalula ahlupheke.

Yad enqabela (noma boa enqabela futhi Boon-enqabela) - ijusi Milky, okuyinto lapho distilled ne utshwala etholwe antiarin ezaziwayo. Lena ushevu uqine kakhulu, okuyinto crystallizes yizicucu kungekho nto enemibala emihle okhazimulayo izitshalo.

Kunenye zenyathi - oro Bennett, ezikhulayo esiqhingini Vitu futhi eliqukethe e emangalisayo izithelo udayi carminic yabo. amagxolo has kakhulu Bast Imicu yotshani zazo ukwenza yezandla. Futhi kuzo wenze izikhwama eCeylon futhi zase-East Indies.

I izakhiwo nesihlungu sezilwane

Ngisho phakathi nekhulu XVIII, ushevu Yenziwe Milky juice ancharnogo ngokuthi "eMacassar" wawuyingxenye iqoqo waseBritish Museum (London), bese ekhulwini XIX iye ziphenywe futhi ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kuyo.

Ukuhlolwa antiarin - glycoside, eduze glycosides digitalis nezinye inhliziyo glycosides isitshalo, ngokushesha ezithinta imisipha yenhliziyo. Kukhona juice ubuthi Anchar nezinye, kodwa ngaphansi ifundelwe.

isiphetho

oro ukuthi avuselelwe. Lokhu kungenxa ekucwaningeni okunzulu.

A esiningi isidlulile, phambi kwesihlahla uyakwazi kahle ukuhlola sixoshe abesabekayo nombono onganembile ngendlela kuye. Okukhishwe nesihlungu sezilwane endulo concelebrated ezimbi, inkonzo elibuhlungu, kodwa kukhona kule esihlahleni futhi ewusizo, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla.

Ngakho, oro akusho ukusakaza ukufa emhlabeni wakhe. Kunalokho, eceleni kwakhe zikhule kahle futhi eziqhakaza imivini emangalisayo, izihlahla kanye nezinye izitshalo.