Petunia - ukunakekelwa futhi kulinywe. Ukutshala petunias e Peat ithebhulethi. Izimfihlo petunias ezikhulayo

Petunia kukhona izitshalo zisetshenziswa bomkhaya nightshade, kodwa endle lamazwe CIS bona etshalwa ikakhulu njengoba izimbali yonyaka, njengoba akakubekezeleli nokhahlo ebusika - uwagcine ngalesi sikhathi kuleli zwe akunakwenzeka nge sezulu esibandayo.

Ikhaya ukuba lezi zimbali ezinhle kuyinto eNingizimu Melika, okuyinto isizathu zingabantu thermophilic. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani base ekuqaleni yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye.

Incazelo Petunia njengoba isitshalo zokuhlobisa

Petunias sikhule ehlathini elincane ongaphakeme. ukuphakama yabo zokhahlamba kusuka 15 kuya ku-30 cm. Lezi zitshalo abe luhlaza noma eluhlaza amahlamvu okweqanda. Ubude yabo amabanga kusuka 5 kuya 12 cm Izimbali petunias ezihlukahlukene imibala :. ezimhlophe, lokuluhlata kwesibhakabhaka, lobovu, onsomi futhi pink. Petunia izimbali kahle esikhulu (5-13 cm ububanzi) inkulumo, ukuvumela lezi zitshalo ukujabulela ithandwa enkulu phakathi balimi. Kubantu abaningi, intandokazi ingadi imbali - petunia. Ukunakekelwa ukutshalwa lesi sitshalo akudingi mzamo kakhulu, okuvumela balimi ukujabulela ubuhle izimbali endaweni yabo, hhayi nokuchitha isikhathi esiningi nokuzikhandla ukuze sikwazi ukunakekela izitshalo. Futhi, kungenziwa lezi zimbali likhule izimbiza. Abantu abaningi bawathenga abathandekayo babo ngamaholide enhle izitshalo ezimbizeni futhi petunias izimbali zazo ezinkulu egqamile ngokuqinisekile ngeke abashiye ubani nandaba, ngakho kungenzeka ukuba sikhule petunias ukudayiswa. Kungcono ukuba ifakwe greenhouse ekhethekile.

ezihlukahlukene petunias

Kuye ngobukhulu imbali petunia zihlukaniswe amaqembu amabili ayinhloko: ezinkulu-akujabulela futhi.

Large- ezihlukahlukene petunias, njengoba leli gama lisikisela, babe izimbali ezinkulu - kufike ku-13 cm ububanzi. izitshalo enjalo ibizwa ngokuthi ama-hybrid Petunia grandiflora. Uma petunias etholakalayo ezikhulayo kule abamba ukushisa, kwase kuba enkulu-petunias kuyoba ephelele, ngoba besaba imvula enkulu imimoya abukhali.

Iqembu lesibili - Petunia multiflora hybrid, okungukuthi, petunia eziningi-akujabulela. izinhlobo ezinjalo izimbali ezincane (5-6 cm ububanzi), kodwa, ngokungafani ezinkulu-kungaba eziqhakaza izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka. Uma ufuna ukutshala petunias endaweni olungavikelekile kusukela emoyeni kanye nemvula, uzoyithanda kwathiwa eziningi-akujabulela Petunia. Ukunakekelwa ukutshala izinhlobo ezifana adinga isikhathi esincane, ngoba mancane Moody, amelana uma isimo sezulu sisibi futhi hhayi kakhulu ekuthonyweni izifo ezifana large-.

Futhi petunias ehlukahlukene hang-ukubeka phansi

Ngo iqembu ahlukene izinhlobo ungabahlukanisa futhi Cascading ampelnyh petunia. Alandisa umehluko oyinhloko kubhekwa stem nezimo. Lezi zinhlobo plant etshalwa izimbiza ekhethekile noma izimbiza uyahlanganyela. Lezi izinhlobonhlobo petunias sikhule ngendlela yokuthi yabo sifanamsindvo uqale hang kahle. Embizeni noma uMtshali nge izitshalo zingafakwa ku Loggia, kuyobe sekuba i-umhlobiso omuhle wezangaphakathi.

Uma izitshalo kukhona eside kakhulu sifanamsindvo nezimbali encane - a Petunia nokujwayela-downing. Unakekela Isihlobo Petunia Udinga ngokufanayo kubangela. Umehluko phakathi kwalezi ezimbili zezitshalo kukhona kuphela ukushuba we stem kanye nenani imibala.

Ehlukahlukene Petunia. Ukulima futhi Ukunakekela

Indlela ejwayeleke kakhulu ukutshalwa petunias kuyinto le mbewu yayo.

Imbewu zonke izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo angathengwa izitolo ezikhethekile for balimi, abalimi, noma emakethe, kodwa ungakwazi ukuqoqa ngokwakho, uma kakade ukukhula lezi zimbali. Minyaka yonke emva zom phezu isitshalo avele izithelo-amabhokisi, ngamunye equkethe mayelana amakhulu imbewu encane. Nokho, imbewu petunia akuzona eqolo ngiziqoqele ngesandla.

Ukuze ukutshala petunias bazodinga inhlabathi ekhethekile. Ngo okukhethekile ezitolo ithengiswe phansi, elakhelwe petunias. Ungase futhi ukulungiselela umhlabathi le mbali wedwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu udinga isihlabathi, humus, Turf emhlabathini, Peat. Kumele ngezabelo alinganayo.

Lapho inhlabathi ofanele imbali isivele uzilungiselele, ungaqala imbewu petunias. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuba ukuhlwanyelwa kuyinto February no-March.

Okokuqala, i-babeka ungqimba ezondile zobumba wawanda phansi isitsha zokutshala. Okulandelayo ukuwa inhlabathi elele, uthele phezu imbewu uzinameke ungqimba inhlabathi incane - 1-3 kuphela mm. Umthamo kudingeka amboze nge ucwecwe noma ingilazi nezimbewu awuzange abandayo. Zimumethe esitsheni imbewu itshalwe ezidingekayo endlini ambient air lokushisa (+ 20-25 ° C). Esokuqala amasonto amabili emva kokutshala imbewu udinga ukwenza inqubo nsukuzonke ukuthambisa zabo kusukela Sprinkler ke udinga uyophuziswa kancane kaningi kakade. Siyakwamukela kwalokho potassium permanganate emanzini - kuthuthukisa ukuhluma ngokushesha. Futhi, uma ufuna ulwazi olungaphezulu Ukwanda okusheshayo kubangelwa zalisa umhlabathi imbewu usebenzisa fertilizer.

Lapho izitshalo babe amahlamvu kuqala, isivele kungenzeka kabusha. Ukuze uthole aluhlaza ehlathini wendlale petunia kudingeka itshale amahlumela ambalwa ebhodweni noma uMtshali.

Njengoba ubona, uma wazi ezinye izimfihlo okhulayo petunias sikhule izimbali ezimnandi kangaka, akuthathi kakhulu. Futhi bayohlala isikhathi eside sokujabulisa iso ngobuhle bazo.

petunias Ukhula Othandweni amaphilisi

Ngo amaphilisi, petunias ezikhulayo ngokushesha ukwedlula phansi okuvamile. Ithebhulethi inikeza isitshalo izakhi kudingeke ukuba ogulayo. Futhi ngisho noma ukutshala petunias yadalwa ngezinsuku amaphilisi Peat, ngeke kudingeke ukuba zalisa okokuqala ngemva zitshala emhlabathini evulekile noma ebhodweni. Enye inzuzo ukuthi igciwane itshalwe emhlabathini noma ebhodweni ndawonye nge-tablet, lapho kwephuka okwengeziwe e nomhlaba ngokwawo. Ngakho-ke, kulimaze kuya beya uhlelo impande for ukufakelwa engenakwenzeka.

Kodwa ukutshala petunias e Peat ithebhulethi kudinga ngokukhethekile imbewu pelleted, okuyizinto eqolo ngaphezu kokujwayelekile. Ukutshala petunias e ithebhulethi silula. Awudingi noma yimaphi amakhono akhethekile futhi banokuhlangenwe nakho okuningi ukulima.

Ubuchwepheshe ukutshalwa petunias usebenzisa Peat pellets esilandelayo. Into yokuqala okudingeka cwilisa iphilisi amanzi afudumele, lokhu kuzodinga hhayi ningi than 4 amaminithi. Lapho ithebhulethi ukwandisa ngo-3 izikhathi, kudingeka wasibeka phezu ugqoko. Khona-ke kancane moisten imbewu granulated futhi ukuhlwanyela nabo ngobunono kwithebhulethi yakho. Ngemva ukubonakala cishe ezintathu amaqabunga zalesi sihlahla kuyadingeka ukukhiqiza ukubulawa. Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo amahlumela, kodwa nakanjani kudingeka uzame ukukwenza ngokucophelela ukuze kungabi bikho ukulimala kwabo.

Lapho izitshalo asemasha kakade bakheké ngokuphelele amaqabunga amabili noma amathathu, udinga ukubeka ndawonye nge-tablet esitsheni esincane inhlabathi. Ngakho-ke ngeke ukwandisa isikhala ephilayo izitshalo, ngeke aminyene, ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukuthuthukisa ngokugcwele.

Yilokho izimfihlo okhulayo petunias amaphilisi.

Thina sikhule petunias engadini

Ukuze sikhule lesi sitshalo e ekhanyayo, ukwenza ukuhlwanyelwa imbewu petunias ngendlela efanayo njengoba ekukhuleni wendlale petunia ebhodweni. Kuphela kuleli cala, esikhundleni zitshala amahlumela amaningi ebhodweni okudingeka uyenze engadini yabo emhlabathini.

Ukulima engadini ekahle petunia eziningi-akujabulela. zokutshala sihlehlela izitshalo - ekupheleni May-ekuqaleni June. Nokho, kungcono kakhulu ukubeka isitshalo emhlabathini nje ngoMeyi. Ungase futhi betshala imbewu ngqo ekhanyayo. Kunconywa ukuba enze engxenyeni yokuqala ka-March. Kodwa kangcono Yiqiniso, imbewu ziqhume ekhaya ngethangi encane - ukuze ukwazi sokukhulisa iphesenti ukuhluma.

Flowerbed ne petunias nakanjani ngeke ukuhlobisa indawo yakho, kodwa has umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama yayo ezikhulayo petunias engadini.

Okokuqala, kumelwe sikwazi ukukhetha endaweni efanele ngoba lesi sitshalo. Njengoba e-Europe, le mbali zivela emazweni nge sezulu nakwezifudumele, awusebenzi ukubekezelela izimo ezimbi sezulu. Lapho ekhetha izindawo petunia kudingeka sinake yokuthi it is kahle evikelekile emoyeni.

Izifo kanye izinambuzane

Esinye isici ezingemnandi okhulayo petunias kukhona izifo ezithinta izimbali, uma zikhula engadini. I ngokuvamile atholakala kwi izifo petunias kubangelwa isikhunta. Kulokhu-ke kubalulekile ukuba aphathe lesi sitshalo nge ejenti ekhethekile antifungal.

Lesi sifo ezivamile esithinta petunias kuyinto okulimaza. Ngenxa yalokho lesi sifo siba nalo baba sokuprakthiza ehlathini umbala, bese ukubola, lapho lidayizi amahlamvu, futhi izimbali. Petunia, betshala nokunakekela ukuthi wenza ngakho ngokucophelela, kungenziwa ibuna ngokuphelele. Ukubhekwa kokuvinjelwa engcono yale sifo singumbulali thinning izitshalo ngesikhathi izithombo ezikhulayo.

Futhi ku petunia kungase ukuhlasela aphid, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Kwenzeka aphid ngemuva ohlangothini amashidi. It udla ubisi amaqabunga lokhu kubenza zinyakaze bese boma. Uma isikhathi akusho ukuqeda lezi zinambuzane, bangakwazi hit zonke noma iningi amahlamvu ehlathini, kuyilapho Petunia, owayeneminyaka kanye amahle zikanokusho, iphenduke ezidabukisayo noma omisiwe ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukuba aphathe lesi sitshalo nge zinambuzane ukuze avimbele lesi simanga edabukisayo. Uma usuvele wathola amaqabunga aphid, akufanele sinqikaze ukulichitha, ngoba ngokushesha okukhulu esandisa. Ayibulale ngempela nokwenzeka usebenzisa i-nicotine-sulfate ziyoncibilika emanzini ngensipho. Ukulungisa isixazululo 1 g le nto kumelwe athathe litre amanzi anensipho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, Petunia ungase ulahlekelwe ubuhle baso ngenxa okuthiwa indawo brown. Lesi isifo esivame kakhulu, okuyinto uyakwazi ukushaya izitshalo eziningi kakhulu. Bhekana kumele ngokushesha, njengoba nje ubona izimpawu zokuqala, kungenjalo ngokushesha lasakazekela lonke imibhede isitshalo. Izimpawu zalokhu isifo, njengoba kusobala igama layo, kukhona izindawo ezinkulu ezifana umbala ukugqwala. Babonakala phezu engenhla ishidi, ngoba ukubuna. Ukwelashwa kusetshenziswa amalungiselelo equkethe zethusi.

Esinye isici ukuthi uzokwenza Petunia die bangaba uvemvane emincane ebizwa ngokuthi ama Silakho. Sibeka izibungu yayo ebusweni phansi amahlamvu, bese basheshe uyoshwabadela amahlamvu. Lezi ziphungumangathi singayibhubhisa izidakamizwa eziqukethe permethrin.

Futhi, lapho ekhula lezi zimbali ezinhle kungaba inkinga efana blackleg. Ingxenye stem itholakala eduze impande, kuba soft, iyakunqanda omnyama iqala ukubola. Lokhu ngokushesha kuholela Ukoma zalesi sihlahla, njengoba isisekelo ebolile akuyona ukufeza leso sidakamizwa izimpande kuya amahlamvu nezimbali. Le nkinga kwenzeka ezimweni eziningi ngenxa umswakama eliphezulu futhi inhlabathi ne-asidi eningi. I-ejenti causative lesi sifo kunzima kakhulu ukususa, ngakho lesi sitshalo ukwelashwa isilonda lungekho ngaphansi. Idinga ukumba aphume phansi, susa isidingo ngisho ezweni eliseduze. Zonke ezinye izitshalo ukuthi yatshalwa nini kulezi ndawo ehlathini nesineke, kudingeka asingathe ngokucophelela nesikhunta. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuze ugweme le nkinga futhi, ungafaki ngokweqile umswakama.

Ukuze ingqondo yakho isikhathi eside olumnandi okunethezeka Petunia, ukunakekelwa kanye ukutshalwa bekungewona ngeze, kubalulekile ukuqapha eduze isimo amaqabunga awo, neziqu, bese ungakwazi ukususa nje yisiphi isifo futhi ningamniki ukusakaza zonke ezinye izimbali.

Izinhlobonhlobo amahle kakhulu petunias

Uma kakade onjani imbali - petunia, ukunakekelwa kanye ukutshalwa esesikhundleni umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama yayo, ungakwazi ngokuphepha uya esitolo esiseduze ukuthenga imbewu. Manje wena kuphela kudingeka ukhethe ukuthi iliphi izinhlobo ethandwa kakhulu.

I amahle kakhulu futhi aluhlaza terry petunia angabhekwa. Izinhlobonhlobo athandwa kakhulu of terry petunias kukhona "Miksd Duo" futhi "Thokoza", babhekisela kulokho multifloral. "Duo Miksd" izimbali petunia izinhlobo umbala double, okungukuthi, ngaphandle umbala labalulekile eluLwimi imbali namanje izindawo samanje emhlophe. Umbala oyinhloko kungaba pink, burgundy, ezinsomi, ezibomvu kanye nabanye.

Libuye nenhle kakhulu bheka Petunia izimbali nge Izifutho double. Izinhlobo Iningi ngemibala ezifana multifloral. Ngokwesibonelo, "Harmony", "isixha", "Pirouette" nabanye.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izinhlobonhlobo petunias, amacembe ahlotshiswe umngcele emhlophe. Futhi bheka olubabazeka kakhulu indlela abazizwa ngayo. hlobo "Serenade" livelele lezi petunias ubuhle ekhethekile.

petunias Cascading izinhlobo

Izinhlobonhlobo ezivamile ampelnyh petunias, okuyinto ayesekhulile e ulenga izimbiza noma izimbiza kukhona "Classic Red Hot", "Kaskadis White", "Classic Okuphinki". Njengoba igama petunia cultivars, imibala zabo umbala obomvu, omhlophe kanye pink ngokulandelana.

Futhi okudume phakathi petunias Cascading uchungechunge izinhlobo kubhekwa "Superbelz" futhi "Izigidi Belz." Sinenkosi izimbali ezincane kuno izinhlobo ezibalwe ngenhla. Ububanzi kulolu chungechunge emazinga ezihlukahlukene enkulu imibala.

Isiphetho. Indlela ukukhetha imbewu?

Uma kakade indlela yokunakekela petunias ngisho ukuthi yimaphi ama ezihlukahlukene ufuna ukuba ukhule engadini yakho noma kwi emphemeni, singakwazi kuphela ukucacisa ukuthi ukukhetha imbewu ezokwenza bekhuphukela nangaphakathi bakhula izitshalo enhle enempilo ukuthi ngeke sijabulise isikhathi eside nawe.

Njengoba imbewu zivamise edayiswa igcwele ke sibheke kubo futhi ukunquma izinga yabo zibukeke engenakwenzeka. Khona-ke kukhona kuphela ancike okulotshwe ku iphakethe, kodwa udinga ukufunda ngokucophelela.

Okokuqala, ilebula kumele inikezwe ulwazi olunzulu mayelana imbewu abaqukethwe: kusukela igama ezihlukahlukene kanye nesikhathi izimila eziqhakazayo zikwazi ulwazi mayelana nomkhiqizi. Kunoma ikuphi akunakwenzeka ukuthenga imbewu, lapho iphakethe ayicacisiwe ngumkhiqizi, njengoba kungenzeka eliphansi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumelwe futhi banake usuku ukwakhiwa. Imbewu, kanye imikhiqizo akumele yisikhathi, noma bamane nje ziqhume noma amaphesenti ukuhluma liphansi kakhulu. Uma imbewu Agcwele iphepha emabhokisini kwesikhathi kokusebenza kwabo ezingu-12. Uma isembozo imbewu wenziwe ucwecwe noma polyethylene, ukuphila kwabo eshalofini sandisiwe omunye unyaka, futhi kulesi simo izinyanga 24. Yilokho konke okudingayo ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha imbewu efanele. Le mithetho akusebenzi kubantu kuphela endabeni petunias, kodwa nezezinye imbewu plant.