Amagciwane Coliform emanzini. coliforms Thermotolerant

amagciwane Coliform zihlale ekhona ipheshana yesisu bezilwane nabantu, kanye imfucuza yokuphila kwabo. Futhi kungase kube izitshalo, inhlabathi kanye nokungcoliswa kwamanzi kuyinkinga enkulu ngenxa yethuba yokuthola izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ahlukahlukene.

Ukulinyazwa emzimbeni

Ingabe ama-bacterium coliform elimazayo? Iningi lazo musa adala izifo, kodwa-ke, amanye zamagciwane ezingavamile E. coli kungabangela ukugula okungathí sina. Ngaphezu abantu bangenwe izifo izimvu nezinkomo. Luphakamisa ukukhathazeka ukuthi amanzi angcolile izici zawo zangaphandle akuhlukile ukuphuza abavamile ukunambitha, ukuhogela futhi ukubukeka. amagciwane Coliform zitholakala ngisho amanzi kahle, okuyinto ubhekwa ephelele ngazo zonke izindlela. Ukuqinisekisa kuphela nandlela ukucacisa khona amagciwane adala izifo.

Kwenzekani uma ithola?

Kuthiwani uma amagciwane coliform noma yimuphi omunye atholakala amanzi okuphuza? Kulokhu, isidingo ukulungisa noma ukuguqulwa uhlelo namanzi. Lapho esetshenziselwa magciwane ayidingayo ukubilisa futhi kabusha ukuhlolwa, okungase uqinisekise ukuthi ukungcoliswa awuzange iqedwe, uma bekungenjalo thermotolerant coliform amagciwane.

inkomba umzimba

Ubude coliform amagciwane avamise ukubizwa ngokuthi inkomba umzimba, ngoba ibonisa bezikhali amagciwane ayingozi emanzini, coli. Nakuba zamagciwane kakhulu ayinangozi futhi siphile emathunjini abantu enempilo nezilwane, ezinye zazo zingaba nomthelela ekwakhekeni ubuthi, kubangele ukugula okunamandla ngisho yingozi. Uma amagciwane akhona emzimbeni, izimpawu ezivamile ukuphazamiseka emathunjini ipheshana, imfiva, ubuhlungu besisu noma ikhishwe yisisu. Izimpawu kakhulu liphinyiselwe izingane noma amalungu omndeni asekhulile.

amanzi aphephile

Uma inani coliform amagciwane emanzini azitholakali ke cishe nakanjani omunye kuthathwa ukuthi microbiologically okuphuza aphephile.
Uma betholakala khona, kuyobe sekuba i-kuyafaneleka ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa eyengeziwe.

Ama-bacterium abathanda ukushisa kanye umswakama

Izinga lokushisa kanye sezulu izimo futhi zidlala indima ebalulekile. Ngokwesibonelo, E. coli kungcono ukuhlala phezu kobuso bomhlaba futhi uthanda ukushisa, ukuze amagciwane coliform emanzini okuphuza zibangelwa kulandelana ukusakaza komhlaba nesimo sezulu siyashisa futhi sinomswakama, kuyilapho inani ezincane kunazo zonke amagciwane itholakala the nobusika.

ukushaqeka chlorination

Ukuze ukubulala ngempumelelo magciwane asebenzisa chlorine, okuyinto oxidizes ukungcola. Ngezinye senani iyothonya izici amanzi ezifana asidi lokushisa. Isisindo esivamile ndaba ezomile ilitha imayelana 0.3-0.5 mg. Ukuze ukubulala jikelele coliform amagciwane amanzi okuphuza, kuthatha cishe imizuzu engu-30. Isikhathi contact zingancishiswa ngokwandisa umthamo chlorine, kodwa kungase kudinge izihlungi ezengeziwe zokususa ukunambitheka ethize kanye nephunga.

Lilokhu ultraviolet

A option ethandwa kubhekwe magciwane ultraviolet ray. Le ndlela akusho ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yisiphi amakhemikhali. Nokho, leli thuluzi alusebenzi lapho coliforms jikelele idlula eziyinkulungwane amakoloni 100 ml amanzi. Idivayisi yakhiwe isibani UV lizungezwe emikhonweni asebenza ngebhethri ingilazi, lapho uketshezi zishiswe ngemisebe oku-ultraviolet. amanzi kungelashwa ngaphakathi iyunithi kumelwe bahlanzeke ngokuphelele futhi mahhala noma ikuphi ukungcoliswa ebonakalayo, odla noma turbidity ukuvumela ngemisebe eziphilayo ezinonya.

Okunye zokwelapha

Kunezinye izindlela eziningi ukucutshungulwa esetshenziswa zokukhipha igciwane amanzi. Nokho, kungukuthi Kunconywa njengoba eside, ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene.

• Abilayo. Ngezinye degrees 100 Celsius ngeminithi elilodwa aphumelela e ukubulala amagciwane. Le ndlela livame ukusetshenziswa magciwane lamanzi ngesikhathi eziphuthumayo noma uma kudingeka. Kuthatha isikhathi namandla inqubo olunzulu futhi ngokuvamile lisetshenziswa kuphela nengcosana amanzi. Leli akulona eside noma inketho unomphela ngoba amanzi magciwane.
• Ozonation. Eminyakeni yamuva, le ndlela isetshenziswa njengendlela yokuthuthukisa izinga lamanzi, ukuqedwa izinkinga ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ukungcoliswa virus. Njengoba chlorine, ozone esemkhathini eyisidalwa esinenkululeko eqinile oxidizing, ebulala amagciwane. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo igesi ingahlalisekanga, futhi ingatholakala kuphela esebenzisa ugesi. Ozonation amayunithi ngokuvamile abanconywa ngokuba magciwane, ngoba ibiza kakhulu ukwedlula chlorination noma UV izinhlelo.
• Iodization. Indlela kanye ezidumile magciwane eminyakeni yamuva kuphela Kunconywa short-term noma amanzi magciwane eziphuthumayo.

coliforms Thermotolerant

Lena eqenjini elithile eziphilayo ukuthi bayakwazi lwalungabola lactose at 44-45 degrees Celsius. Lezi zinto zihlanganisa uhlobo lwe Escherichia, futhi ezinye izinhlobo Klebsiella, Enterobacter, futhi Citrobacter. Uma amanzi iqukethe eziphilayo nezingahlobene nendaba, kubonisa ukuthi kwakungasebenzeki bahlanza kahle, kabusha angcolile, noma iqukethe umsoco ngokweqile. Uma kukhona atholakala kubalulekile ukuze uhlole khona-ke olumelana lokushisa eliphezulu amagciwane coliform.

ukuhlaziywa microbiological

Coliform eziphilayo basonta Gram namagciwane afana Wand, bahlala futhi zohlobo kule aphansi ipheshana yesisu bezilwane nabantu. Ngokuvamile, ama-bacterium zihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi, enobungozi ntshashintshe. ukuhlaziywa microbiological kuhlanganisa ukuhlonza zonke izinhlobo amagciwane kanye nezinambuzane. ukuhlaziywa microbiological Kwenziwa hhayi kuphela ukuhlola amanzi okuphuza, kodwa futhi ukuze avivinye ukuphepha amanzi lapho abantu bayajabula ukuchitha yokuzilibazisa isikhathi sabo. Abanye, yebo, asesabi zibhukuda emanzini, lapho itholakele, "Wand", kodwa ukuphepha la manzi futhi ukusebenza kwezikole zokusoka. Kukhona nezimfuneko ezithile ngezinyathelo zenhlanzeko okwakufanele kwamanzi.

Uma coliforms zitholiwe, lokhu kungase kubonise ukuthi kwaphuma amanzi Amagciwane. Kanjalo, siqala ukusakaza izifo ezihlukahlukene. Amanzi okuphuza okunobuthi ungahlangana Salmonella zamagciwane, Shigella, E. coli nezinye Amagciwane amaningi ukuba isukela iziyaluyalu sibi ipheshana wokugaya ukudla ukuze uhudo ezinzima, ikholera, typhoid fever, nabanye abaningi.

imithombo Domestic ukutheleleka

Izinga amanzi okuphuza softwe wakhe njalo hlola izinsizakalo zezempilo ezikhethekile. Futhi ungenza ayengumuntu ofana nathi, ukuze uzivikele wena ukuvikela ukusilaphazeka engadingeki? Yiziphi imithombo ukungcola kwamanzi imvelo zasekhaya?

1. Amanzi ezipholile. Uma bebaningi abantu thinta kule divayisi, aba maningi amathuba Ukungena namagciwane ayingozi. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amanzi kuzo zonke ezipholile lesithathu ngifake eziphilayo.
2. Amanzi emvula. Ngokumangalisayo, emva kwemvula eqoqwe umswakama kuba indawo evumayo sokuthuthukiswa coliforms. Abalimi Okuthuthukile ungasebenzisi leli amanzi, ngisho ukuchelela izitshalo.
3. Lakes kanye amadamu futhi basengozini, njengoba amanzi amile ngeke ukuzalela zonke izinto eziphilayo, hhayi nje nama-bacterium. Ukwehluka iyona izilwandle, ukuthuthukiswa kanye ukusabalala izinhlobo eziyingozi kukhona sakugcina.
4. Isimo iphayiphi. Uma namadreni akukashintshi futhi kungukuthi bahlanza isikhathi eside, kungase futhi kungaholela enkingeni.