Qibla Direction: uwuchaza kanjani? Kaaba Engcwele eMecca

Islam - wezinye zezinkolo omncane kunabo bonke e zomhlaba, kuyisiko sihluke kakhulu izinkolelo zenkolo zasendulo futhi okwamanje has abalandeli abaningi emhlabeni wonke. Ngesikhathi nobunzima engaqaliwe noma omkhulu osanda kuguquka ku-kukholwa kuba ngumphumela wendlela ukugcinwa zonke mikhuba yansuku zonke ukuthi elibekelwe ukwenza amaSulumane abathembekile. Kunzima kakhulu kwabaningi ukunquma isiqondiso Qibla, ngaphandle okuyinto akunakwenzeka ukuba sithandaze, futhi eziningi namanye amasiko. Kodwa lena Ukuhamba sina imithetho, okuyinto kubhekwa kuyisono Islam. Kulesi sihloko, thina zichaza indlela ukunquma isiqondiso Qibla ngezindlela ezahlukene, futhi uchaze ukuthi kungani lokhu eyingqopha zibaluleke kangaka abathembekile.

Kiblah: eside nokubaluleka kwalo

Igama elithi "Qibla" yavela ngokoqobo parallel ukuvela Islam, ukuhumusha elingokoqobo elivela Arabhu kusho "ukuthi ephambi." Cishe zonke Muslim uyazi ukuthi nesikimu yayo kusukela kuphi emhlabeni kungacacisa ukuthi lapho Arabia. Mecca (idolobha) Kaaba engcwele isiqondiso lapho umuntu kumelwe bathembeke ukuthandaza. Leli phuzu kubaluleke kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umuntu owayeqhuba Islam. Kodwa lokhu akulona isenzo kuphela elawula isiqondiso Qibla.

Life kanye nsuku zonke imisebenzi zamaMuslim, kuncike ukuma Kaaba engcwele

Ukuze ethembekileyo wazi kahle indlela ukwenza kunoma isiphi isimo,, umprofethi Muhammad uyasala njengoba isikhumbuzo Hadiths. Mayelana Qibla wathi ngisho ezimbalwa. Ngokwesibonelo, isihloko wakusho e hadith inkantini Ibn Azib, Jabir Ibn Abdullah, Amir Ibn Rabia. Nalaba bantu abangcwele wahlala cishe yisiphi isikhathi, angathathwa ayichazi futhi ababethi ezimpilweni zansuku zonke amaSulumane. Ngakho, ake sibheke imicikilisho nezenzo nsuku ukuthini lokho isidingo ulwazi yini ohlangothini iyona Qibla:

• Burial sabafileyo. Hadiths ukucacisa esithile esikhethekile sokuphatha umzimba ngesikhathi yokungcwaba Muslim - ke kufanele akhanyiswe ezinsikeni zawo kwesokudla, ebhekene Kaaba.
• Ukubulawa kwezilwane. Uma noma yimuphi Muslim ihlele ihlabe isilo, abeke isilwane ohlangothini lwesobunxele, nenhloko ivuliwe maqondana Mecca.
• Ukulala. AmaSulumane kufanele alale, ngokuqinile ogcina isiko obeka ezifanayo efile. Phela, bonke abantu abakwazi uvuke ekuseni, ngakho ukulala ngobunyoninco okulingana ukufa.
• Uchama izidingo zemvelo. Uthembekile nhlobo ukukwenza, yabuyela emuva noma ebhekene eMecca.
• Namaz. Lena imisebenzi yansuku zonke kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba kuyo okudingekile ukwazi kahle isiqondiso Qibla. Njengoba umthandazo wenziwa izikhathi eziningana ngosuku, futhi kukhanga abantu abengeziwe bahlale ezihambayo phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kufanele akwazi ukuthola ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa mayelana nalokho iyona Mecca zomhlaba.

Yiqiniso, akusiwona wonke izinyathelo maHadith. Sinike kuphela ezivame kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo. Nokho, kukhona uhlu ezithile ngaphandle eyinqaba kuya ojwayelekile ukuthi avunyelwe ukuba afune isiqondiso Qibla phakathi nemithandazo. Ezimweni ezinjalo nje ezimbili:

• Ngenkathi usohambeni. Uma usendleleni, futhi kufika isikhathi sokuthandaza, noma esinye isenzo okungenhla, it kuzoxoxwa njengoba Qiblah isiqondiso lapho izimoto ezihambayo.
• Ingozi noma ukugula okungathí sina. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi wena basengozini enkulu kusondela nobulwelwe noma isimo esibucayi kuphakama, bavunyelwe ukuba bathandaze, hhayi ukugxila eMecca.

Sicabanga zonke okungaphezulu uzokwamukela kakade ukuqonda ukuthi Islam ebalulekile Qibla. Nquma isiqondiso sayo kuleli zwe lanamuhla can cishe wonke umuntu ngaphandle kobudisi. Kodwa lapho wenza leli gama futhi kungani isithenjwa esikhulu kuyinto Mecca? Lokhu yilokho esiyikho manje futhi uzokutshela.

Ukuvela of the Qibla

Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala ukuvelela Islam njengenkolo kwakukhona isiko ukwakha mosque futhi enze yonke imicikilisho, ukugxila kwelinye direction. Kodwa ekuqaleni kwaba emzini Quds (eJerusalema). Yena kwakubhekwa njengendawo engcwele, futhi wonke ethembekile, belinganisa Qibla, waguquka kuye.

Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwavela futhi impikiswano phakathi Medinan amaJuda namaSulumane. Isethi yokuqala njalo sithembekile asole iqiniso ukuthi kukhona umprofethi Muhammad akuyona ngisho ukwazi ngokuzimela ukunquma Qibla futhi abaqeqeshiwe lokhu art ivela kumaJuda. The Prophet baphendukela kuNkulunkulu ngesicelo, noMninimandla onke wezwa yabo umthandazo, amaSulumane abe Qibla entsha. Manje kwakudingeka bafune ubuso Kaaba engcwele. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lo mkhuba akukaze washintsha, ngakho-ke kubalulekile, kungakhathaliseki indawo yabo noma yikuphi emhlabeni, ukwazi lapho Mecca itholakala.

Qibla: indlela ukucacisa isiqondiso

AmaSulumane ukwazi ngezindlela eziningi ngalo ungakwazi ukubala isiqondiso Qibla. Ezinye zazo ziye zalondolozwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kuyilapho abanye sekukhona ngenxa yentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe besikhathi sethu. Saqoqa esihlokweni uhlu enemininingwane kunazo zonke izindlela ezaziwa:

• mosque;
• ibalazwe womhlaba;
• ikhampasi;
• ayisishiyagalolunye izindlela zesayensi Abdel-Aziz Sallam;
• program e-computer ( "Qibla Compass");
• amawashi awayindwayo;
• umbuzo umuntu onegunya.

Njengoba umbuzo ngempela ebalulekile futhi ezithakazelisayo, sizosebenza imodi ngalinye ngokuhlukile.

Ukunquma Qiblah mosque

Uma idolobha lakho has a mosque, ngakho-ke angeke babe nezinkinga definition Qibla. Ngemva ekuqaleni njalo ezakhiweni zenkolo emhlabeni Muslim wakhiwa ngendlela yokuthi yonke imithandazo ibhekiswa njalo iqondiswe ngaseJerusalema.

Uma uya ethempelini lamaSulumane, bhekisisa kahle, uzophawula niche encane ongaphambili omise - mihrab. Kuyinto ngoba umthandazo lilonke imam. Nisha njalo kuthambekele ekufezeni eMecca. Ngakho-ke, uma ngithandaza mosque, ungaqiniseka njalo ukuthi ubuso endaweni efanele.

Lapho abantu abaningi, kusiza ukucacisa Qibla umthandazo ingubo e lamaSulumane. Ngo abaningi babo umcibisholo ebonisa kokuqondisa wasayinwa 'Qibla ". Kwenza ukuphila lula amaSulumane ukugcina zonke izidingo zomthetho we-Allah. Futhi, amahhotela eziningi zomhlaba ungabona izimpawu ngemicibisholo ekhombe naseMecca.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ezikhathini zasendulo ukwakhiwa amathempeli idonse njalo stargazers ohlakaniphile umdala owayenganikela ncamashi uthi lapho isiqondiso kuyinto Kaaba engcwele. Esikhathini esizayo, lezi zinkinga ziqondiswe abaklami ngubani, ngaphezu umthwalo zalo eziyinhloko, ubhekana kwencazelo isiqondiso Qibla.

Manje ukwakha mosque kuba lula kakhulu, ngoba ungacacisa isiqondiso lesifanele by izindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuyinto uvumele kufika degree elilodwa ukunquma indawo Mecca maqondana iphuzu othize emhlabathini.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, kukhona phakathi kwazo zonke amathempeli Islamic wedwa, ivelele ngokuba izici zayo ezikhethekile - it has Qibla ezimbili. Asikwazanga sehluleke ingasaphathwa ngalesi simangaliso esihlokweni sethu.

isakhiwo okungajwayelekile e-Saudi Arabia

I Medina kuyinto mosque ezimbili Keeble, noma Masjid al-Kiblatayn. Lesi sakhiwo uyena kuphela inhlobo yayo, ngoba emibili mihrab, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ibonisa Qibla ezimbili. niche Okokuqala igxile eJerusalema, kanti eyesibili naseMecca. Kule mosque elihlobene ne elinye lamasiko kakhulu Muslim lasendulo.

Phakathi nokuphila of the Prophet Muhammad, lapho Qiblah wakhonza Quds, wayevame wenziwa namaz endaweni mosque lanamuhla. Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu lapho uMphrofethi wathandaza Allah kuze sa phansi Qibla entsha e impikiswano eside phakathi namaSulumane namaJuda. Kwesokudla ngesikhathi ethandaza, Muhammad wathola isambulo esivela kuNkulunkulu futhi waphendukela maqondana Mecca. Bonke abakhulekeli balandela ngokushesha isudi. Ngakho, emehlweni abantu abaningi, umcimbi obalulekile - ushintsho Qibla. Ithempeli sekuwuphawu lokhu Izinguquko ezinkulu owathinta ukuphila kwakhe wonkhe lokholwako, has ezimbili mihrab.

isakhiwo sezenkolo ngokwayo yakhiwe emasikweni best of izakhiwo Muslim. It has a ukuma okuqinile weJiyomethri, kugqanyiswe nemibhoshongo yabaseTurkey emibili domes. Kusukela mosque isendaweni eyehlelayo, kuba lubonakale indlela hall isuka komunye ezingeni kwesinye futhi siqukethe iqoqo nemengamo. Dome Amanga, efanekisela isiqondiso lasendulo lokuthandaza, ngokushelela uxhumeke igalari encane nge kombhede main kanye nezethameli. Le ncazelo usukela Qibla ushintsho inqubo ezenzeka eminyakeni eminingi edlule.

Ngaphandle, mosque akuyona okuningi ezahlukene kusukela iningi kulezi zakhiwo. Okwamanje, kwaba kabusha futhi isebenza.

Indlela ukunquma isiqondiso Qibla ikhampasi

Lena enye yezindlela ezilula kakhulu futhi ezingabizi kakhulu ukucacisa lapho ukhona maqondana Kaaba engcwele. Ngemva ikhampasi - kuba isihloko okuthengiswa ezitolo eziningi kuwufanele impela kancane imali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuba le ndlela, ngandlela-thile ezihlobene kwabanye eziningi sizobe ukuchaza zingxenye ezilandelayo kwalesi sihloko.

Ngokwesibonelo, wenza umthandazo eMoscow. Indlela ukucacisa lapho isiqondiso udinga nobuso? Kulula. Nomthandazo odinga ukukwazi, kuthiwani izakhamuzi eRussia emaphakathi itholakala eningizimu eMecca. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uthathe ikhampasi ukucacisa amaphuzu yekhampasi, bese ujike ngaseningizimu. Njengokungathi lezi zinyathelo ezilula, uyohlale wazi efanele.

Futhi kuthiwani ngezinye izingxenye zezwe lethu kanye namazwe angomakhelwane? Wazi kanjani, isibonelo, isiqondiso Ikhampasi Qibla e Makhachkala? Lena inqubo kancane elula: labo abahlala eCaucasus, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan futhi Kyrgyzstan, kumele sibheke eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Kwakulapho ngokumelene wabo eMecca.

Ukuze enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye Russia nase-Ukraine Qiblah isiqondiso kudlulela eningizimu. Ngeziphambeko ezincane kusukela ukubala standard Petersburg, kodwa isono ekhethekile. Hadith kubonisa lo mthandazo futhi ukusebenza imicikilisho ethile ayidingekile athobele ukunemba kuze kube degrees. Vele kahle Orient emkhathini. Indlela ukunquma isiqondiso Qibla uma engenayo ikhampasi? Lona umbuzo lalivamile futhi sizobe uphendule.

Map - umsizi ekutholeni Qibla

Uma Ikhampasi ngakwesokunene ungazange ube, futhi ibalazwe ezindawo kusezandleni zakho, khona-ke uyobona kalula lapho zibhekene nomsebenzi ukuthola Kaaba. Asithathe isibonelo esifanayo: wenza umthandazo eMoscow futhi ufuna ukuthola Qibla. Wena nje kudingeka uthole amaphuzu amabili kumephu - eMoscow Mecca, bese nangokunquma amaphuzu yekhampasi ukuya eningizimu. Eziningi zalezi udidekile othembekile lokhu izincomo lento, ngoba uma engenayo ikhampasi kunalokho kunzima ukunquma amaphuzu yekhampasi. Sizokunika mfana:

• Shadow emini. Uma ifasitela elingakwesobunxele ilanga, bese kudingeka ukuba ngiphume futhi ibuyele inkanyiso yethu. Emthunzini lehla kuyoba pointer yasenyakatho, ngakwesokudla futhi ohlangothini kwesokunxele kuyoba empumalanga nasentshonalanga ngokulandelana. Lo mthetho kusebenza uma wena ukuthi aseNyakatho Nenkabazwe. ENingizimu isithunzi sakho izobonisa, kunalokho, lapho uye eningizimu.
• Polar Star. Lokhu lasendulo indlela pointer kumatilosi nabahambi kungase kube usizo ucinge Qibla. Uma isibhakabhaka ebusuku kucacile, kalula funa ukuthi iNkanyezi yaseNyakatho, elise nomsila umlaza i-Ursa Minor. Uma thina ukudweba perpendicular phansi, futhi uyokhomba nawe kuya enyakatho-ke. Ngemuva iyona eningizimu, ngakwesokudla - empumalanga, futhi ngakwesokunxele ethile entshonalanga.

Sithemba ukuthi ngosizo amathiphu ethu ngeke ukwazi kalula ukunquma isiqondiso Qibla njalo.

Qibla kanye amawashi awayindwayo: indlela elula kufinyeleleke

Le ndlela lihlobene eduze owedlule ezimbili, ngoba futhi udinga ilanga futhi azi ncamashi lapho ukhona, ukuze baqonde ukuthi ingxenye yezwe kufanele itholwe.

Udinga ukubeka iwashi phezu flat ukuze umcibisholo encane ekhomba lapho ilanga lingakhona. I-engeli okuholela phakathi umcibisholo uphawu futhi ngezinye nambili nqo ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili alinganayo, uyokhomba kuya bisector nangaseningizimu. Futhi khumbula ukuthi ngaphambi emini eningizimu kuyoba ohlangothini lwesokudla kusukela ekukhanyeni, bese - ngakwesokunxele. Sebenzisa le ndlela kungaba kusukela ngehora lesithupha ekuseni kuze kushaye ihora lesithupha ntambama.

umsebenzi Scientific Abdel-Aziz Sallam

Kuba nzima nakakhulu ukunquma isiqondiso esiqondile Qibla amaSulumane abahlala Melika. Ngemva isiqondiso evamile ibalwa esekelwe ibanga emfushane phakathi kwezindawo ezimbili phezu komhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, phakathi amaSulumane American hhayi ngo-Qibla. Ngezinye izikhathi umthandazo wenziwa ngenhlonipho kuze kube semikhawulweni okuphambene emhlabeni.

Cishe ishumi nesikhombisa edlule ngalolu daba olubaluleke kangaka kwaba isihloko mhlangano, okuyinto isinyathelo u-Abdel-Aziz Sallam, ucwaningo enikelwe Qibla cishe konke ukuphila kwakhe. Wethula izethameli umsebenzi wakhe yesayensi, equkethe amasu ayisishiyagalolunye ngokwesayensi ukuthi kungaba khona ulwazi oluthile nokusetshenziswa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke:

• Arithmetic. Lapha, imithetho ikhambi onxantathu eyindilinga, kanye formula sine isigamu-engela.
• amatafula Trigonometric. Zisetshenziswa izindlela ezimbili, futhi zisekelwe kakhulu izibalo yaseGibhithe lasendulo.
• I sphere yasezulwini. Le ndlela kuyinto ekahle amatilosi abadinga belandisa meridians nobubanzi Kaaba ne engela ukuthambekela sphere yasezulwini. Indlela okuchazwe imisebenzi yesayensi yesihlanu, kuyafana, kodwa lisebenzisa umbuthano we sphere yasezulwini.
• izindlela yesithupha neyesikhombisa zisekelwe ukwamukelwa Kaaba njengendlela yekucala amadivayisi navigation.
• Perpendicular ilanga. Kabili phakathi nonyaka, inkanyezi yethu iba perpendicular Kaaba, kungabonwa ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Ngakho-ke kwanele ukubona lesi simanga kanye bazenzela isiqondiso okuyisibonelo kuya phambili bakwazi njalo bheka bebheke Mecca.

• ikhadi lomkhuleko. Kuye ngokukhethekile zavela abantu of America futhi ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise lezi ukubala engeli endaweni efanele.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi zonke izindlela ezahlukene ezifana kutholakala ukuthi ilungile futhi ingase isetshenziselwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Izinhlelo ze-computer

esiqondisweni Qibla ngoba namaz usizo ukukhomba nezinhlelo ze-computer ezahlukene. Manje nje ithandwa kakhulu futhi evamile, kukhona izicelo Smartphones kanye amaphilisi, okuyinto lapho egijima uyokubonisa lapho udinga ajikelezwe ngesikhathi namaz ubuso.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lezi zinhlelo zahlukahlukene kakhulu, abaningi amaSulumane uwachaze ngaphansi igama elilodwa - ". Qibla ikhampasi" Phela, noma kunjalo, ngaphambi kokuthi kukhona ikhampasi ngesineke, umcibisholo okukhomba Kaaba. Ngokuvamile, izinhlelo ezinjalo babe isici:

• izaziso mayelana ekuqaleni umthandazo umsindo;
• ikhampasi;
• imibhalo irekhodi iKoran;
• uhlu amathempeli eliseduze;
• ikhalenda Islamic kanye nokunye okufana nalokho.

Ngomqondo onabile, lezi zinhlelo kakhulu lula izimpilo ethembekileyo, ngoba ungasebenzisa noma kuphi emhlabeni. Manje cishe indlela enembile kakhulu ekunqumeni Qibla yazo zonke ezaziwayo.

Umbuzo kwenye Muslim

Uma ungakwazi ukuthola isiqondiso Qibla, nganoma isiphi isizathu, kwamukelekile ukubuza umbuzo obuphathekayo Muslim. Abaningi bakhathazeka ngaleso sikhathi ukuthi icala nakho kungaba iphutha nokungalungile ibonisa inkomba. Khumbula ukuthi kuleli cala, omunye nephutha ayoshaywa indiva isono. Zizwe ukhululekile ukuba bathandaze ebhekene isiqondiso esithile, kodwa endabeni yokuthola endleleni efanele kufanele ashintshe. Amasiko eminye ukwenza ohlangothini oyifunayo.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, uma ngenxa yanoma yisiphi isinyathelo phakathi nomthandazo yini ukuthi ukwenza iphutha, khona-ke kumelwe ngokushesha ujike umuntu ohlangothini lwesokudla bese uqhubeke imithandazo yabo.

A amazwi ambalwa esiphethweni

Sithemba ukuthi i-athikili yethu kuyoba usizo kuwe, futhi sinikeza wonke izimpendulo zemibuzo ezihlobene Qiblah. Manje ungahlala enze imithandazo kanye namanye amasiko zikhanyise Kaaba. Futhi ngakwesokudla, ngoba ngakho wayala Allah ukwenza the Prophet Muhammad. Kodwa ngomzamo ukuba nizifeze zonke izinyathelo ngendlela efanele futhi ngokuhambisana ngobunyoninco kanye Hadiths, ungakhohlwa mayelana Into esemqoka. Ukuphila Muslim kweqiniso kumelwe sisetshenziselwe ubumsulwa ngokomoya isifiso sokuphila ngokuvumelana kwemithetho oPhezukonke, futhi uma ngenxa yesizathu esithile awukwazi ukunquma isiqondiso Qibla - ungakhathazeki. Hadith uthi kungcono thandaza ngobuqotho, engazi lapho Mecca kuka ukuthandaza ngaphandle inhlansi yokholo enhliziyweni, kodwa isiqondiso Qibla.