Onion ulethisi: okuhle, ikakhulukazi ukutshala nokunakekela

Ubani ongakaze ezwe isiko, njengabo ulethisi? abantu Mhlawumbe hhayi enjalo. Lapho kubonakala emashalofini green kuqala, siyajabula ukuthenga, kanye anyanisi, dill kanye parsley ithenda amahlamvu ulethisi, bahlangana ezithelo. Abanye abantu ngephutha sikholelwe ukuthi ulethisi - kuyinto umnsalo, kodwa uma ukucela futhi ngokuphelele ukuqonda okushiwo ndaba, kungenzeka ukuthola ukuthi lokhu inhlobo onion akekho. Kukhona Welsh amalikhi noma shallots, u-anyanisi, ekugcineni, kodwa ulethisi ... kunjalo, ake uvumelane: ulethisi - isaladi. Kodwa ngoba ngezinye izikhathi abantu ukudida imiqondo le, thina nakho kule sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezinye izikhathi "wenza ukubhuka".

Ulethisi / onion ulethisi, ukutshalwa luqhutshwa kusukela kudala - yemifino kwezitshalo ziyaphawuleka, okuyinto oluthatha nasembonini Asteraceae. Kufana izitshalo endala sihlakulelwe eMedithera zeminyaka emithathu edlule. Ukuphendulwa mayelana nokusebenzisa kwakhe Abapristi baseGibhithe ezaziwayo, ababusi Persian khonza it njengoba uswidi, njengasezulwini lasendulo eByzantium iye yasetshenziswa njengenhlangano izidakamizwa ngempumelelo.

Ezinolwazi Europe bafunde ngokulawulwa isaladi esikhathini uLouis XIV, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ngenxa yokuthandwa kwayo, liyakhula. Namuhla ulethisi - omunye ozithandayo imifino ehlobo futhi umthombo izinto ezibalulekile kubalulekile indoda. Le ncwadi abazinikezele kuleli isiko emangalisayo.

Incazelo bohlobo lwe

Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-100 ulethisi. Ngokwengxenye enkulu kuba yonyaka herbaceous isitshalo nge rosette emaphakathi ngokuhlanganisa amahlamvu ezakheke ehlukahlukene kanye nemibala. Inflorescence e isiko - uphehle noma shayela, senziwa izimbali ezincane. Ngemva impova, izithelo eba - achene. ulethisi etshalwayo, ngokuthi ehlukile - ulethisi noma u-anyanisi.

Esikhathini ukudla washisa amaqabunga, okuyinto Bavunwa ngaphambi ukwakheka stem, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi aqale kubonakale eletha umunyu.

Onion ulethisi: njengoba ekhula

Lesi simila inobuso eziningi. Ethandwa kakhulu kukhona leaf, yeqhwa, asparagus futhi Itafula yayo izinhlobo. ERussia, kuze kube muva nje kwaba ezivamile leaf ulethisi, namuhla balimi ukuthanda uya ukuzuza Kochan zinhlobo, ukwakha amaqabunga amakhulu kuqala, bese kusukela kokuphuma odongeni kwase ukwakha ekhanda okuxekethile noma unganyakazi.

Ulethisi izinhlobo zihlukaniswa by okuyisikhathi yokuvuthwa, ahlukanise phakathi ezinsukwini zakuqala nezimila isikhathi kuze kufinyelele 45, isangoma (izinsuku 50-60) futhi ngasekupheleni (izinsuku ezingu-80).

Kakhulu ziphoqa namuhla, ishidi ulethisi izinhlobo (Riga, eMoscow abamba ukushisa), angamaqhawe nokuvuthwa, ithela imikhiqizo izothandwa emva kwezinsuku 35-40 emva kokutshala. It is kuyanda Roman amahlamvu isaladi ahlangana, simulating kumiswa ikhanda, ngaphakathi okuyinto lukhula amahlumela ithenda yokukhanya.

Ulethisi uthando ukubekezelelana ukukhanya abandayo. Lezi izindawo evame ukubuzwa yibo bonke amamaki nezinhlobo. Amazinga ukhululekile kakhulu ekukhuleni kwesihlahla nasekuvezeni izithombo wazibonela balimi cabanga uhla +10 ... + 19˚S.

Onion ulethisi: izakhiwo ewusizo kanye nokulimala

Ukwakheka Eyingqayizivele amahlamvu zalesi sihlahla, lapho inombolo enkulu izakhi mkhondo ewusizo, yokumatisa umzimba womuntu potassium, zinc, i-phosphorus, i-magnesium, selenium nezinye izingxube zamakhemikhali. Lokhu utshani - inqolobane amavithamini amaqembu B, A, C, R. Ngenxa yokuba khona kwalezi izinto ezitshalweni ukudla ihlinzeka nomphumela oqabulayo emabangeni ukunciphisa emva kokuhlinzwa, izifo ezingathi sína, ekwelapheni yamaphaphu, senhliziyo, izifo esiswini nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto okunama-kilojoule amancane umkhiqizo elikuvumela ukuba ibe ingxenye ukudla eziningi. Anyanisi, ulethisi, ukupheka zokupheka kusukela emakhishini lapho ziba igugu emazweni ahlukahlukene, yasetshenziswa ngempumelelo nokuvimbela ukukhuluphala.

juice fresh amaqabunga ulethisi kuyasiza nokwandisa inqubo wokugaya ukudla futhi kujwayeleke iphango. Infusions esetshenziselwa isifo sesibindi. Khulisa lactation e nabancelisayo ochotshoziwe imbewu. Ngezenzo babezisebenzisa izimonyo isitshalo for ekwelapheni nezinwele futhi ubuyisele isakhiwo yesikhumba.

Naphezu iwusizo izitshalo, ulisebenzise ngokuqapha kumele kube abantu abanezifo ezifana esiswini noma isilonda duodenal, isifuba somoya, isifo sofuba.

Imigomo Ukukhetha imithetho nezimfuneko nhlabathi

Isiko kokwehla ndawo kumele kube evulekile, evundile, kodwa futhi shading encane akusho ukulimaza simila. Othanda omkhulu okuxekethile ukukhanya-akhanywa loam sandy, onion ulethisi evuma kangcono loams. Uma kuphela ukuphendula inhlabathi wayefana Inkomba pH 6.5-7.5, kanye namanzi angaphansi komhlaba akezi eduze komhlaba. Ulethisi ukhetha nenhlabathi ngokulinganisela ezimanzi: yokujama tsi nomphumela olimazayo isitshalo, okubangela okuvela bola.

asidi ngokweqile neutralized ngu liming indawo phakathi pre-isitshalo. Uzungu yalungiswa kusukela ekuweni, okwandisa ukuvundisa inhlabathi ngokumba ukwethulwa humus noma umquba isamba 5-6 kg nitrophosphate no-60 g ngalinye 1 m ² endaweni. The best esandulele kutshalwa ngaphambili ezikhethiwe embhedeni, kukhona imidumba nokusanhlamvu. Ulethisi batshala anyanisi emva iklabishi nezinye cruciferous hhayi Kunconywa.

ukutshala izithombo

Seeded isiko ngqo engadini noma ukukhula yisithombo indlela, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba uthole amahlamvu ewusizo ngisemncane kakhulu. Bobabili izindlela babe abasekeli kanye nezitha. Sichaza ngamunye wabo. imbewu Izithombo ezihlwanyelwe iziqukathi egcwele nenye wapheka izwe humus ezingxenyeni alinganayo, kule minyaka eyishumi yokuqala ka-Ephreli. Bury imbewu 1 cm, kanye Isikhala phakathi imigqa kufanele kube 1.5-2 cm. Khona-ke, inhlabathi isitsha kancane ohlangene kanye moisturize nge atomizer. Ukuze kangcono ukuhluma umthamo embozwe ingilazi noma ifilimu, ukudala imvelo ezimenza azizwe atjhaphulukile. With ukuvela izithombo ukuhlanganisa indaba isusiwe, izithombo thinned, ngokugcina ibanga phakathi izithombo 2 cm.

Izithombo isilungele zitshala ukuba seedbed walungisa emva kwezinsuku 30-35. Ngalesi sikhathi izithombo babe 3-4 eshiya fomu. Batshala kubo, ukugcina elifanayo, elalisendlini yisithombo iziqukathi, aqaphelisise hhayi bangcwabe esiphikeni impande. Ibanga phakathi otshanini zigcinwe, ukugxila grade, kusukela indawo amandla skorospelok 1 kuphela DM ² okulingene ekuseni - 2.2 DM ^2, futhi kamuva - 6.2 DM ^2.

It wagomela ukuthi ukufakelwa yisithombo izitshalo umzimba, kodwa ngokucophelela inqubo ngeke ubuhlungu kakhulu.

Ukutshala imbewu e lamagquma

Esikhathini yokhalo evulekile imbewu ulethisi yahlwanyelwa noma ekuseni maphakathi no-May, lapho izinga lokushisa nsuku zonke isethwe ngezithuba +4 ... + 5? C. Nokho, ukukhuthazela kanye ukumelana izitshalo abandayo ukuze sikwazi ukumelana entwasahlobo yesithwathwa ukuba -2? C. Ngokuvamile ukuzijayeza podseivanie isiko, nokugcina esingaba izinsuku 15-20 of ukunikeza amakhambi ewusizo bonke ehlobo.

I engavamile walesi isiko, like anyanisi, ulethisi, wukuthi izinhlobonhlobo sekwephuzile-yokuvuthwa amelana bolting. Imbewu ezihlwanyelwe imigqa, izikhala phakathi okuyinto amamaki ishidi 7-9 cm, Kochan - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-15 cm.

Ukunakekela isiko

umcimbi Ukunakekela ulethisi bendabuko, bahlanganisa ziba ngcono njalo, asuse ukhula futhi ayakhala ezinengqondo. Anyanisi kanye ulethisi hygrophilous kudinga nokugcina umswakama, kodwa kuzo zonke ukulinganisela ebalulekile, ngakho zama baphendukele ukuthambisa ngokweqile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokushesha nje lapho ihleza uqale tie, ukunciphisa ukushuba wokunisela.

ukuthuthukiswa qualitative isiko kuhilela ekwenzeni umquba kunesidingo. Kuhle kakhulu ulethisi wathola i-nitrogen potassium kokukhulelwa, bese inezela ukuthi lithobelane imithetho ethile:

• lokuhlushwa Umanyolo isisombululo kuyehla ngesigamu eqhathaniswa Kunconywa imiyalelo ejwayelekile izidakamizwa;

• yokudla anganikela ngqo ngezansi impande, ukuzihlanganisa ne amaqabunga;

• zalisa ngesonto zokutshala ngemva zitshala izithombo noma imbewu.

Abalimi ukuzijayeza ukutshalwa isiko eduze izitshalo, okucasulayo izinambuzane. Labo ababebhekwa isipinashi, uphizi, nightshade. Izintandokazi Umakhelwane izitshalo ezifana ulethisi onion - amalikhi.

Ngakho, ukutshala ulethisi - inqubo elula ukuthi bayazuza nokwaneliseka.