River Western Bug: incazelo, nemingenela, flora amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Uma umfula ukusebenzisa kwencazelo imisebenzi womuntu, eWestern Bug - isosha futhi unogada umngcele. Cishe ubude balo lonke, futhi 772 amakhilomitha, amanzi ehlukanisa umngcele lamazwe amathathu - Ukraine, eBelarus nePoland. Phakathi nomlando wakhe omude, ogwini lasendulo wabona Boleslaw le Brave Warriors, uwela AmaTatar namabutho lweminyaka sikaNapoleon. ezinkulu ezinkulu imali ngasogwini lomfula phakathi nezimpi ezimbili zomhlaba. okusanhlamvu elincane isihlabathi umngcele izingxabano amanzi wageza kude ugu abahlala. Kuphela esibhakabhakeni kubonakala ukugeleza okumsulwa, futhi usuku ngalunye ulubheka iqala azikhohlwe ngokuphelele izono zethu. Ngoba anikwazi angene emfuleni efanayo kabili.

Uhlolojikelele

Podolsk upland naseNtshonalanga ye-Ukraine. Lapha uqala Bug Western. Ukusonta isiteshi nge ububanzi 5-10 ngamamitha emthonjeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba akunike amandla ukuthola, ububanzi kwamanzi ifinyelela 60-70 amamitha, kanti kwezinye izindawo ifinyelela 300 m. Emahhovisi endaweni has ezingaphezu kuka-70 eziyinkulungwane. ^Km2. Misa-up in the Bug West Uthatha ngasekupheleni kuka-December kuya ngasekupheleni kuka-March. Yonke ubude amazinga emfuleni uzamcolo aqoshiwe 3 kuya ku-6 wamamitha ubude. Nemingenela Western Bug - Mukhavets, Poltva, Rath et al -. Have obukhulu ethafeni inethiwekhi siteshi. Ziyakwazi esibalulekile umsebenzi sokufuna futhi.

Yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene

Imvelo flat isimo sezwe lapho umfula ugeleza khona, kuchazwa izici izitshalo wachichima. It ubuswa lezihlahla okuxubile namahlathi coniferous. Western Bug ogwini ekahle kakhulu inhlangano alondoloza zemvelo kanye ezingcwele, okuyinto agcinwayo ubuhle acwebile zalezi zindawo.

Ensimini ka-Ukraine - landscape inqolobane "Bistryaki" futhi etshalwe inqolobane "Ukulungiswa". Indawo ekhethekile kulondolozwe yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene Pribuzhie kuthatha Belarus. Western Bug River futhi owumthelela yayo - Mukhavets - emkhakheni olusentshonalanga ngqo ezincikene Insimu eziyinkimbinkimbi esiyingqayizivele engokwemvelo Belarusian Polesie. Ukubaluleka zemvelo kule ndawo wukuthi kungaba ngokuphawulekayo kuthinte isimo emvelweni e yonke iYurophu.

Imizila kufuduka ka waterbirds osuka eYurophu uye enyakatho yeRussia amakhulu eminyaka Bagijimela kulo kulezi zindawo. Amahansi, Wigeon, Ruff endulo abakhethiwe Pribuzhskoye Polesie ekuphumuleni ngesikhathi izindiza eside. It wadala Biosphere Reserve, ayeba indawo evumayo ukuze kulondolozwe zezinyoni ezingavamile izilwane nezinyoni. Sizovoronok futhi inyoka ukhozi, mink European futhi lynx yase - zonke lezi zinyamalale abahlala engxenyeni ephakathi kwezilwane eYurophu wathola olwenzeka endaweni kwi nasemazweni angomakhelwane kuze Bug Western.

amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-500 umfula ugeleza badabula leyo ndawo kwezintathu yePoland. Sekuvele umngcele wemvelo ehlukanisa Poland base-Ukraine, eBelarus. Kutholwe loMfula edolobheni Zosin (Zosin) - lena ezikude kakhulu edolobheni eningizimu-mpumalanga Polish.

Ngenxa ubude olukhulu emfuleni ePoland emabhange yalo ehleliwe eziningi nemvelo reserves. Ikakhulu abesifazane ukuhlukanisa Nadbuzhansky Landscape Park (Nadbużański Ipaki Krajobrazowy). Indawo 139 amahektha kanye zone kwemvelo -. Ngaphezu 222 ayizinkulungwane ehektheleni .. Kuyinto kwepaki elikhulu landscaped ePoland.

Esiqiwini kukhona izinhlobo kuka 1,300, phakathi lapho kukhona izitshalo ezingavamile ezivikelwe. Ngo kwepaki kuhlale izinyamazane, izinyamazane, izingulube zasendle, imithini futhi beaver. ezikhangayo ngokukhethekile osebeni Bug Western ezinyonini, phakathi okuyinto ngokuvamile zitholakala evikelwe "Red Book" izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Nakuba kuyinto engavamile, kodwa ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana osoeda abavamile, Lesser Spotted Eagle, kestrel noma undlunkulu hawk.

Emahhovisi nokuma kwezwe

Somfula Bug Western - endaweni amanzi cross-border, obhekisela kwakuzothutheleka oLwandle iBaltic futhi yokuhlala cishe u-20% umcengezi amanzi we Vistula. Ayisebenzi elise ezintathu uthi. Ingxenye elikhulu ebusweni ichibi ku ezine ezifundazweni Poland (47%) - Lublin, Mazowieckie, Podlaskie futhi Podkarpackie. Insimu asele ngamasheya bucishe bulingane ihlukaniswe Lviv futhi naseVolyn nesaseTomsk Ukraine (27%) kanye Brest esifundeni waseBelarus (26%).

E-Ukraine, umthombo Bug Western has a ubude 185 km kanti itholakala endaweni enezintaba. Esikhathini sifinyelela phakathi amanzi phezu 363 km iyona umngcele wemvelo phakathi Republic of Poland ngakolunye uhlangothi nase-Ukraine futhi Belarus ngakolunye. Ingxenye yokugcina (224 km) itholakala e-Poland futhi uphela endaweni Zagzhinskogo amadamu nemifula Narev, okuyinto uthululela phakathi Bug Western.

Ngaphakathi ingxenye emaphakathi kuhambisana kumiswa amachibi amakhulu iqembu. Ohlangothini Polish ke Lenchinsko Włodawskie-echibini uhlelo. On ezindaweni Belarusian futhi Ukraine kuyinto Shatskaya iqembu amachibi. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke kubo - ke Orekhovskoye Oltushskoe namachibi, okuyinto zitholakala eBelarus.

Ayisebenzi, nomcengezi ingeminye insimu enkulu, ehlanganisa ithafa Ukrainian Brest Polesie futhi Pribugskoye plain. Umlomo emfuleni isendaweni Votochno European Plain.

ukuphila ezisogwini

Eceleni Western Bug umhlaba okuhloswe ikakhulu emkhakheni wezolimo. Cishe angu 45% endaweni matasa zezolimo ukukhiqizwa wemboni, amahlathi ukumboza 27%, ngesikhathi izimfunda kanye namadlelo - 18%. yasebhange isiPolish ukuthuthukiswa zokwakha izimboni futhi akhiwe, imikhiqizo yezolimo Belarus ukhiqiza futhi ithuthukisa imboni lehlanganisa tinhlelo. Ukraine - amandla, ukukhanya yamalahle.

Wonke amazwe eseduze Bug River Basin, ekhaya ukuze 3 million abantu. Imizi ngobukhulu: Lviv (Ukraine) - Zingaphezu kuka-700 eziyinkulungwane, Brest (Belarus) - ayizinkulungwane 340, Chelm (Poland) - abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingu-70 ....

nokungcebeleka

Western Bug River, nemingenela yayo, amachibi kanye amadamu yokufakelwa kukhona ekhangayo kwezokuvakasha nokungcebeleka. Sula emoyeni, ngemvelo ephelele nokutholakala lapha ukuheha kokubili abalandeli yokuchitha isizungu ethule yasemakhaya, kanye nabasekeli senzo. Amanzi ukuzilibazisa - izikebhe - ethandwa kakhulu ukuzijabulisa phakathi izivakashi. On insimu yonke Pribuzhie ekuthuthukiseni Equestrian kanye wamabhayisikili. Sekuyisikhathi eside Abathandi ukudoba bathandile kule ndawo. Ubuningi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene izinhlanzi lwenza ngisho imfundamakhwela Angler ukuzizwa sengathi iqhawe ethule ukudoba ukuzingela.

I izindawo avakashelwa zivuliwe-Lenchinsko Włodawskie futhi Shatskikh amachibi. Ngo Belarus, endaweni ethandwa - yiyona kwatheleka Western Bug Mukhavets namaHlathi.

emadolobheni ezithakazelisayo osebeni Bug Western

Busk, Ukraine. "Galician Venice" - igama wabelwa edolobheni, sise umthombo amakhilomitha amaningi ukugeleza Bug Western.

Ngokuphelele libhujiswa ngo 1241 by amaMongol, endaweni ekahle ekuqaleni kufike emfuleni omkhulu, Busk isibe iyisikhungo sokuthuthukisa lemisebenzi yezandla futhi ukuhweba. LaseMagdeburg Law yanikwa kwelinye kuqala Galicia. Western Bug namahlathi kanye ogwini lwayo, baye baba umthombo impahla eluhlaza for the umkhakha iphepha, okuyinto ngokushesha ukuthuthukisa ekhulwini xv-XVI. Ephepheni eyenziwe Bousquet Ivanom Fedorovym, uhlelo lokuqala "Ostroh iBhayibheli" (1581) yanyatheliswa.

Brest, Belarus. Ngesikhathi Ukukhuluma lokhu stasis endaweni inkumbulo odlulela kwamanzi igama elilodwa kuphela - Brest Fortress. Yakhelwe emhlabeni Bug Western nemingenela yayo Mukhavets, wamthatha igalelo lokuqala amabutho kaHitler. NokuVikelwa Brest Fortress - Ikhasi isibindi engenakuqhathaniswa emibhalweni yaminyaka yonke impi. Minyaka yonke eziyinkimbinkimbi yesikhumbuzo Brest Fortress evakashela izinkulungwane zabantu.

Brok (Brok), Poland. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala Brock ngomhla ngonyaka 1203. Lesi sivumelwano, esadaleka kusayithi yedolobha lanamuhla-Early Ephakathi, ithuthukiswe sibonga indawo omuhle lomfula Western Bug. Kwakuyisikhathi emikhulu yokuhweba umzila lapho izimpahla ekhululwa besuka eYurophu beya Kievan Rus. Lo muzi wasendulo namuhla edonsela abathandi lokuphumula ezinhle Arkelawu kuye umoya endulo.

emlanjeni sidilizwa kancane kancane uletha amanzi alo. It igcina izinkathi ezahlukene zokuphila kwabakhileyo ogwini lwayo. Esikhundleni impi, kanye clank izikhali wafika ukuphila okunokuthula iculo omnandi. Izizukulwane yadlula, futhi phezu kwesihlabathi, okulandelayo abantu abasha. Usuku ngalunye iqala kabusha. Ngoba akunakwenzeka ukungena emfuleni efanayo kabili.