Aphefumula umlilo futhi intabamlilo esiyingozi iKilauea

Le ntaba-mlilo ezimatasa akuyona kuphela Hawaii, kodwa futhi emhlabeni wonke, ukuqhuma iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30, futhi phakathi naleso sikhathi waba ukuthi alibhubhise nomzana uhlala endaweni eyingozi sabantu.

Uphi intabamlilo iKilauea?

He kubhekwa omunye lomncane, ngoba wayengumuntu hhayi iminyaka engaphezu kuka-600 eziyinkulungwane, futhi iyintaba-mlilo eHawaii National Park, livulekele izivakashi kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu elidlule. ezinganekwaneni zasendulo ukuthi kule ndawo somlilo uhlala esinhlanhlathayo unkulunkulukazi wendawo Pele. Nge kuqhuma ngamunye lava amaconsi nqabela, sengathi izinyembezi zakhe, nemifudlana abilayo amatshe abalwela elwandle eliKhulu iPacific, ukwakha izinwele zakhe.

incazelo intabamlilo

Active iKilauea eladabuka ngesikhathi iphutha zomhlaba eHawaii. kuqhuma walo wokuqala wayephezu iziqhingi amanzi, futhi kamuva wavumela ukuba inqubo ehlukile ezweni okuqinile phakathi olwandle, futhi intaba somlilo wayesenze amaphutha wamkhohlisa phezu eqandisiwe basalt lava eminyaka ubudala. izivakashi Bedidekile ukubukela kwaphezulu into yemvelo eyingqayizivele, livela iKilauea intabamlilo nge Isigaxa kancane ayizindunduma ehlanganisa imibala ezingezona ezemvelo eqina magma. Selilonke, imitha-200 sekhefu, esibizwa ngokuthi i-mgodi, wachela ehlanganisa olubilayo lava esikhipha echibini, 4-ikhilomitha ubukhulu zazo kuyabamangaza.

Kodwa into eyodwa kunjalo, ukuphuma mass abilayo eziyimibukwane zemvelo kancane. Ngokumangalisayo amandla giant ngokucindezela ngaphakathi lapho kukhona iKilauea futhi generator endaweni enobungozi amashumi amaningana iqhuma asemigodini. Elaliqhibuka umlilo lava, congealing futhi stratifying amafomu amaphethini eyinkimbinkimbi. Imibono eliphawuleka kunawo wonke avele phezu kolwandle, lapho ukusakaza begijima umsebenzi wokupheka inhlama: Fire eziqhingini ezincane, ukufinyelela emanzini isikhathi esithile ngisho ukuntanta phezu kwamanzi. Umbukwane is eshaya extravaganza.

ukufa usongo

Etholakala eduze kwechibi olubilayo kuyingozi kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi eba yiqhwa bese nokuvuka iKilauea intabamlilo Uxosha omningi lava. Ngakho-ke mayelana umuntu ehamba eduze giant nomlilo-ukuphefumula kanye nezindawo ezizungezile yokukhuluma ingahambi. Through the izimbobo scalding ezisebusweni emhlabeni, umusi uphuma, futhi kulezi zindawo, inhlabathi okuxekethile kuyingozi kakhulu. Nemithambeka le ntaba-mlilo ngokupheleleyo dibikeza imifantu omkhulu lapho ubaleka magma ketshezi.

Amandla ukuqhuma uyosula komnikazi ezincane, okuyinto eyenzeka eminyakeni engaba ngu-30 edlule kuleli qoqo leziqhingi Hawaiian. Khona-ke wabulala lonke leli dolobhana, kodwa izakhamuzi zawo bomdabu beye bazivumelanisa endaweni eyingozi. Baqala ukwakha izindlu inqwaba eliphezulu kakhulu, okuvumela ukuba sithole isikhathi nawo ekhaya endaweni ephephile.

kuqhuma enobungozi

Ngo-2014 kwaba khona omunye kuqhuma of iKilauea, okwakubekelwa wabukela emhlabeni wonke. lava Zomlilo, ukuthuthela emzaneni yokuhlala, ushise konke endleleni yayo. uchungechunge eziningi lokuzamazama komhlaba kuleli qoqo leziqhingi ophoqelelwe ukwenza kucatshangwa ukuthi ukuqhuma inqubo kuyoba eside.

I-US wezempi uye bashiye izakhamuzi zendawo, kodwa hhayi wonke bashiye amakhaya abo, abaningi baqhubeka, owesaba kuphangwa. Kuyaziwa ukuthi lava abilayo wangcwatshwa emathuneni lasendulo futhi izindlu eyaziwa, nasemapulazini babeshiswa umlilo esindayo. Ngo-2015, iKilauea intabamlilo waphinde wabonisa ukuthi umsebenzi sakhe esibi ngemva kokuzamazama komhlaba ezincane eduze kwale ntaba enamandla. Ngibuke kuye eduze, ososayensi baye baphetha ngokuthi ngeke umonakalo omkhulu, kodwa namanje beshayela iziphathimandla ucingo Hawaiian ukugcina isimo ngaphansi kolawulo, njengoba umfula ugeleza khona isihloko somlilo ukubhekisela emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo.

esiqiwini

Ipaki izintaba-mlilo kuleli qoqo leziqhingi, owawenqabela noma yimuphi umsebenzi kwezomnotho, yasungulwa hhayi kuphela ukwandisa ukugeleza izivakashi ubhekisisa indawo kumnandi. Ukuze ososayensi, le ndawo yaba iyingqayizivele ngempela: zonke izinqubo zemvelo, abacwaningi asebenza esiteshini ekhethekile futhi Observatory. Lona izikhungo lokuqala yesayensi, ukutadisha isimo umkhuba ayevakashela iziqhingi kanye intabamlilo iKilauea.

Izivakashi, iziphathimandla ihlelwe nemizila ephephile kuleli paki, futhi abahambi ezethemba, ukuze kuwo kuze kube sekugcineni wangcwatshwa ngaphansi ukugeleza abilayo lava. Nokho, labo abakhetha emidlalweni eyingozi, uyojabula nale elisabisayo ngesikhathi esifanayo kokuvamile emehlweni enhle.