Shansela - lokhu incazelo yegama elithi .... Shansela German

kokubili eRussia futhi eYurophu Shansela waziwa. Kuzo zonke izilimi zomhlaba izwi kubhalwe futhi wamemezela efanayo. Isikhundla ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi into efanayo, nakuba ngokuvamile ishansela - umholi. Ezweni ngalinye okushiwo izwi has izici zayo siqu. Ngokuvamile ihlobenenamanye eJalimane nase-Austria. Kula mazwe, kusho ihhovisi Shansela ine isikhundla eziphakeme embusweni.

indaba

Kuyinto umqondo kusuka Ephakathi. Nakuba Shansela wathola inhloko workshop abakopishi ababenegunya ekhethekile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikhanda German kwamazwe uhulumeni seyaziwa ngokuthi Federal Shansela. Endaweni efanayo inenani e-Austria.

Ezinsukwini umbuso isikhundla lokuqoka futhi ususe kuwo le nkosi. EJalimane, umbusi kwakungaphumela futhi ngokuqondile nomthelela inqubo yomthetho. Ngemva 1918, i-Weimar Republic Shansela waqala ukuhambisa ePhalamende, nakuba isinqumo aphoyintimenti nokususwa kwakhe wathatha umongameli kwamaNazi. Ngemva 1948, isisindo zombusazwe ikhanda ephalamende iye kakhulu anda.

Ngo Russia tsarist Chancellor - iyona isikhundla civil eliphakeme. Kuye liqoke izikhulu eziphezulu ababehileleke inqubomgomo angaphandle. Ngakho thina okuthiwa uMongameli College kanye noNgqongqoshe Foreign.

E-UK ngale ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi uNgqongqoshe Wezezimali.

okusho

Shansela (leligama livela olimini German) e izichazamazwi kakhulu kusho ephakeme isikhulu noma isikhundla. Lesi sikhundla sebuholi lapho abameleli emazweni ahlukahlukene abizwa ngokuthi ngokuhlukile kancane:

• Germany - Shansela, Federal Shansela;
• England - Lord Shansela.

amandla izikhundla

Njengoba igama elithi German ke isikhundla unokuningi eJalimane. Ngakho-ke, echazwe kuyoba amandla namalungelo kulelizwe. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke zokugcina Shansela Otto von Bismarck.

Federal Shansela - usihlalo leKhabhinethi of Ministers. Nguye kuphela abangakwazi lokwakha uhulumeni. Lokhu kusho ilungelo yedwa ukukhetha izikhonzi, kanye ukubeka phambili iziphakamiso ukumiswa kwabo nokuxoshwa emsebenzini. Ithola kangakanani kuzoba ehhovisi lezikhonzi, kanye Ububanzi bemisebenzi yabo.

Uxhumano German Shansela

I-Federal Shansela yesimanjemanje zaqala ukusetshenziswa ne-1949. Bangabaholi izibalo ezibaluleke kakhulu sezombangazwe Germany.

Uhlu abaholi German ePhalamende:

• Konrad Adenauer ;
• Ludwig Erhard ;
• Kurt Kiesinger;
• Willy Brandt;
• Helmut Schmidt ;
• Helmut Kohl;
• Gerhard Schroeder.

Kusukela ngo-2005, i-Federal Shansela Germany - Angela Merkel. Umisa kwindawo iPhalamende German. Impilo inkonzo iminyaka emine. Ukushintsha esikhundleni sakhe ngaphambi kwesikhathi ingatholakala inqubo ukungabi nethemba.

Shona Modern eJalimane

Angela Merkel owesifazane wokuqala ukubamba okuthunyelwe ka Shansela. Futhi umholi we CDU (iChristian Democratic Union). Abamele le nhlangano ngokuvamile iba likashansela. Idethi kokuqokwa kwakhe - Novemba 22, 2005. Wazamukela ezingaphezu kuka-50% wamavoti ka Bundestag amasekela. Kuleli qophelo, kwaba 51. Komama abaningi, i-FRG kwakuwukunqoba siqu.

Umsebenzi wakhe kuhulumeni, waqala nezinguquko kohlelo sikahulumeni. Lokhu kwakuhlanganisa ekulweni ubushiqela, enifeza ucwaningo lwesayensi e kabusha ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, inqubomgomo energy nokunye okuningi. Ngo-2007, u-Angela Merkel wahlangana uDalai Lama XIV. It yaba newozawoza wangempela ngezinga lomhlaba wonke. Ngawo lowo nyaka wamiswa nommeleli European Union. Uma wamukelwa EU uMthethosisekelo. Lokho kwaba yinto eza kuqala phakathi ukumelwa.

Ngokwalokhu okungenhla kungenziwa baphetha ngokuthi Chancellor - umholi uhulumeni German. Ithola nemigomo Bundestag, nakuba kungaba zisuswe ngevoti iningi akazethembi kunjalo.