Sikhungo yobuciko ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye nomculo. Ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye Art - kungcono ...

Igama elithi lamaNazi ngenxa ubuciko avant-garde - "art ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye". U-Adolf Hitler kuthathwa njengesibikezelo kwamaBolshevik ubuciko, Jewish, engamukelekile, futhi ngenxa yalokho esiyingozi kakhulu Aryans.

Ukulwa lukhumuzeka

Inqubomgomo Cultural kombuso kaHitler uvinjelwe wayibhubhisa yonke imisebenzi yobuciko yesimanje, futhi abaculi ngokwabo bashushiswa futhi babulawelwa becindezela. In ekulweni art esiwohlozayo iqhaza isikhonzi ze imfundo eJalimane, Yozef Gebbels.

Sikhungo yobuciko ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye ngo-1937, owawuse-Berlin, kwakufanele abonise ihlazisa kanjani futhi kungafanele babe umkhiqizo eJalimane asathuthuka. Manje ungabiza le misebenzi avant-garde, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi avant-garde, ukuthi uyanandulela, bazibona ukuthi amaNazi.

Art ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye. imidwebo uvinjelwe

Art ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye amelwe imidwebo ebonisa izithombe womuntu ehlanekezelwe kungazwakali, uma kungekhona lingekho. Lokhu kwakuwumnikelo ka-umbandela labalulekile eluLwimi ukukhethwa zobuciko engadingeki. Isihlamba umbhali evusa ukwehla kwentengo eziqoshiwe yabantu futhi bebahle, ukwenqena kugcugcutela imisebenzi yakhe, obiza imigilingwane, ukukhulisa umoya wabantu.

Umuntu ophelele nezobuciko ukuphila

ukumelwa wamaNazi umuntu ophelele kufana ukubukwa zefilosofi eziningi, echaza abantu abanamandla, enempilo futhi emuhle. Ngisho e Hellas lasendulo adunyiswe ubuhle emzimbeni womuntu, ukuphelela ezingokwenyama nezingokomoya.

umzimba ophelele njengoba esivelele art wahlola Lessing futhi Hoggart, Leonardo futhi Dürer. iphepha wabo uchaza ngisho olinganise ekahle zomzimba womuntu, ukuthi kusibuyisela ukuvumelana endala, okuyinto kugqugquzelwa amaNazi. Ukuze bazokwenza lo msebenzi ngokuvumelana, ubumsulwa uhlanga futhi equliswa ukugxekwa olunzima yobuciko ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye. Babesikisela ukuthi izithombe babhekana ukulahlwa, bona athathele phasi indoda show nokucekelwa phansi ngazinye, ke walahla ke lokhu, futhi akubona bonke ubuciko avant-garde nemibono emisha.

Ngaleso sikhathi, Klee inikeza ukubalekela impucuko emuva izimpande kweqiniso lwesintu, wabikezela ukuwa nesiko laseNtshonalanga. Futhi ngempela, abaculi abaningi ngesikhathi babekujabulela lokusungula yobuhlanga, abanothando nemilingo futhi izizwe bakudala nesihluku. Ngokwazi ukuthi kungase kuzwakale kuyindida, kodwa unxusa abaculi bakudala, kwakuzwakala yonke indawo, isicaba amacala ekudalweni yobuciko ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye.

kokubhubhisa okubi

Ngaphambi Hitler walahla eziningi art uyidelele kwesithunzi sobuntu, isithombe ekahle, kodwa lolu shushiso futhi kuqothulwe kwaze kwaba cha. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, ubuciko ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye ngasinda, sisengabantu ngesithakazelo, nakuba ayengafiki ngaso sonke isikhathi oliqondayo sibheke nemibukiso yakhe. Imisebenzi walahla ngamaNazi, ezibhekwa yobuciko yobuciko. By the way, engadingeki umkhiqizo akekho ubhujiswe, iningi ukuqoqwa art esiwohlozayo ayethathe amaNazi, wadayiswa e-United States, futhi ingxenye kwashiswa umlilo.

Heroes izikhathi ezahlukene

Yileso naleso sikhathi e ukuthuthukiswa isiko igodla isithombe esicacile indoda e okufanela abaculi hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi abalobi, izazi zefilosofi, izazi zezombangazwe, ideologists. Ukushintsha isikhathi naye futhi ushintshe isithombe umuntu ekahle.

Italy Renaissance condottiere kwesokunxele isithombe, lo saint, umthengisi. Germany Ingumfanekiso umshumayeli, isakhamuzi. England - ngesimo umnumzana kweqiniso. Spain - endleleni Izigodlo noma ngesimo umnumzana zasebukhosini. Russia ne isithombe Umakhi, sosha bokusungula. Ngokwesibonelo, emazweni ahlukahlukene, ngenkathi ehlukile izithombe zakhe, amahle ezicacile, sikhumbuleke ngu engokwemvelo yayo.

AmaNazi ababezama ukwakha zonke ilandelana, kwakudingeka kulo lonke inqubo, kuhlanganise kwezobuciko. izinzuzo zokonga kuhambisane ukubukwa zezombusazwe, leli themba edingekayo kanye art ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye ukuthi enganikanga phansi. art okunjalo akuyona naye wayewuthanda kakhulu, ngenxa mass core yeNkampani udonse art Pseudoclassical ngesimo zimakwe. Ngakho, ubuciko idlulele - konke kungahlali bezibona evamile yamaNazi.

Sikhungo yobuciko ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye nomculo

Labetibambile e Munich, embukisweni, ihlelwe ngenhloso ukukhombisa zonke kungamboza ububi ubuciko, ke abangela isiyaluyalu esikhulu phakathi nonyaka ke wavakashelwa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngoba umehluko owawukhona, e-Isigodlo Ubuciko, aphethwe embukisweni "Okukhulu kunakho art German." Lo mbukiso presents engaphezu kwengu-900 ziphephile, akhethiwe mathupha u-Adolf Hitler. On the emidwebweni esibonisa amasosha ohamba amafulegi Germany, izigcawu zokuphila zasemaphandleni nezasemadolobheni, abesifazane abanqunu nge ejwayelekile Nordic ubuhle futhi izinto eziningi ukuthi amaNazi engase abe nesithakazelo nomqondo isakhamuzi ehloniphekayo German. Ngo nje eminyakeni embalwa yokushushiswa Hitler angabangela isithakazelo libonwe avant-garde art.

Ngaphezu abadwebi imidwebo kuchasiselwe esiwohlozayo art ebaziwe, umculo, cinema. Konke, ngokuvumelana amaNazi, zazinamaphutha, bengafaneleki, ongaphakeme, liye labizwa ngokuthi i art ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye.

Ngo-1938, e Dusseldorf, amaNazi wavula embukisweni umculo ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye! umsebenzi wakhe kufanele zikhuthaza inzondo noma cha ezingadingekile zomculo kanye nababhali babo. Sekube caricatures ethulwa, amaphosta, playbills, ngubani bagxeka umculo okunganambitheki kanye Abadali zayo. Sekuke kwaba khona ngisho ifakwe idokodo ekhethekile lapho ungase uzibonele ukuthi lo mculo kuyinto esiwohlozayo, ukuyilalela kwethu. Ngu imisebenzi engaphelele kwenziwe imisebenzi by Stravinsky futhi Hindemith, Mendelssohn futhi Offenbach. Ngaphansi kokuvinjelwa kwaba "I Threepenny Opera", njengoba umqambi wayengumJuda. Kubhekwe inamaphutha futhi omculo we-jazz, njengoba it fanele kuze abamnyama, futhi kwaba okubi amaNazi umbuso uhlanga.

amazinga Ukuvumelana nezimo predetermined

Lo mbukiso lunikezelwe "zomculo Imperial Congress" aphethwe ku Dusseldorf waphinda ukudlala ngomahluko, njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni ka-imidwebo. AmaNazi ayinandaba ithonya elilimazayo wase-United States umculo ku bamazwe German. Nokho ukukhetha candidates for the Third Reich lukhumuzeka isinyathelo ngokuqapha ku inqubomgomo angaphandle. Isibonelo esimangalisayo kwaba umqambi Hungarian antifascist Bartok. Naphezu amazwi akhe ukuze umbuso kaHitler, it is hhayi kuphela sinqatshiwe, kodwa futhi aqhubeka enza imisebenzi yakhe ezweni lonke, njengoba abantu baseHungary ngaleso sikhathi babehlangene eJalimane.

Ngokungafani ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye art embukisweni, embukisweni umculo ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye bangathola lutho, futhi emasontweni amathathu avalwe. Futhi imisebenzi "lukhumuzeka" nabakhulu bayafanana yobuciko izinsuku zethu.