Sinjani isimo ubugebengu? Criminogenic isimo uhlamvu

Mayelana isimo ubugebengu, zonke sizwa ngezindaba, ufunde amaphephandaba, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube sekupheleni futhi akabonanga ukuthi kuyini. Asizwise lokhu umqondo, cabangela izinhlobo ezikhona, kanye ngazo ukuze bazivikele uma lingena kuwo.

Sinjani isimo ubugebengu?

Kuyaqondakala njengoba umcimbi noma isimo esiholele umuntu ukwenza ukuzimisela isenzo lobugebengu. Ngamanye amazwi, kuba iqoqo izimo lapho umuntu kwandulela bugebengu benzeka. Lezi izimo ezithinta okusengqondweni yakhe, ingabe, imizwa, futhi ngokuhambisana izimfanelo zokuziphatha komuntu, kubangele nesifiso salo nokuzimisela enze lobugebengu (ngabomu noma ngobudedengu) isenzo. Ngakho, isimo lobugebengu usesikhundleni olukhulu izizathu eziyinkimbinkimbi ikhomishana lobugebengu oluthile. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunjengokungathi sesimweni Lesisemkhatsini phakathi Ubunikazi ngomoni, imvelo yakhe futhi isenzo sobugebengu.

Ukwahlukanisa ubugebengu isimo Resources

Kuye umthombo imvelaphi, olwabiwa ezintathu izinhlobo izimo criminogenic:

• lezo ngenhloso kudala uqobo lobugebengu, isibonelo, ukubambezeleka imvume noma yimaphi amadokhumenti, izitifiketi (tape) ukuze impango nokuhuheka! isifumbathiso ngamabomu;
• kriminogennosti isimo esiyingozi kubangelwa, kodwa ufe engahlosile (isib ukusetshenziswa utshwala, okuyinto eye kuhilelani ukudalwa izimo eziphuthumayo endleleni);
• isimo ezivela nezifebe, ukuziphatha okwephula umthetho sabanye abantu, isibonelo, okwedlula izinyathelo zokuzivikela lapho umuntu waphoqeleka ukuvikela izithakazelo zakhe noma izihlobo zakhe;
• isimo adalwe izisulu zobugebengu, zihlanganisa ukuziphatha inkanuko, ukubukeka (kabanzi lezi izici ezihilelekile victimology noma isayensi "izisulu");
• isimo criminogenic ezenzeka ngenxa yimuphi zemvelo, ukuze izinhlobo ezahlukene izinhlekelele (uzamcolo, ukuzamazama komhlaba, njll) ukudala ububanzi okubanzi abaphangi;
• isimo kubangelwa nje ukuqondana kwezinto.

Kungase okwakumelwe zixutshwe bese izimo: isibonelo, umshayeli isebujameni utshwala eqinile noma izidakamizwa has ingozi emgwaqeni inkinga, hhayi isigaba kwalungisa komgwaqo, ngo izimo zezulu ezimbi (imvula, isiphepho, inkungu, njll). Ngaphezu zemvelo, futhi kukhona isici womuntu abalulekile.

Yisisulu izici

Umqondo ubugebengu awunakuhlukaniswa nge sezisulu zalo. Ngaphandle balifundisise ubuntu nokuvimbela isisulu ayikwazi zidlulela ngalé kokulimala izindlela bendabuko. Kuyadingeka ngempela ukukufunda ngokuningiliziwe ungubani izisulu futhi zonke izimo esenziwa ngazo baba kusungulwa. Isikhathi esining impela, isimo lobugebengu adalwe izenzo ngenxa lohlaselwayo. Victimology uzibekele imigomo ethile:

• Ukutadisha ubuntu isisulu nokuziphatha kwakhe;
• imfundo wezomthetho izakhamuzi: noma ngabe akukho lwazi oluyisisekelo, iningi izisulu engavumelani ngokugcwele noma obungeke nhlobo uwakhe kanjani ukuzisebenzisa umkhuba;
• epistemological: ngeshwa, kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa imboni kuphela lapho besanda kuqala, kuyilapho e-US kanye kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu Niphiwe asinakekele ngokwanele futhi ngokujulile.

Okubalulekile Victimological futhi ubugebengu lokuvikela. Eqinisweni, it is a izikhungo ekhethekile kwezenhlalo, okuhloswe ngalo ekuboneni kanye ekhuluma izizathu nezimo ezaba nomthelela ekuziphatheni isisulu. Work kwenziwa emazingeni amathathu: jikelele zomphakathi, akhethekile ngabanye. zokuvimbela Victimological - kuba umqondo ezibanzi. Ubugebengu kumele waphendula ngokugcizelela zonke izinyathelo kungenzeka izifo.

isimo Long criminogenic

Ngezansi kubo elivame ukuqondwa ngayo izimo ezinjalo (isimo) ukuthi kwenzeke esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokuba kufike isikhathi sokupheleliswa kwezinto ubugebengu. Ahlala isikhathi isikhathi esithile ezithinta umuntu nasengqondweni, ngokuvamile zingaphezu kwamandla futhi ezicindezelayo. Singasho ukuthi babonakala "Ukulungisa" umuntu enze ubugebengu. Izibonelo isimo ubugebengu walolu hlobo zivamile: izingxabano umndeni eside, uhlale endaweni okungekuhle yezenhlalakahle (ikakhulukazi kuthinta intsha nezingane), njll

isimo iDemo criminological

Igama lazo lesibili - zalutho. Bona kwenzeke ngokushesha futhi ngesikhathi ngokuvamile babonakala uhlangane ne ubugebengu, ezifana ukuxabana endaweni yokudlela, nightclub, ngisho aphansi e emgqeni esitolo. Isikhathi kancane isikhathi ukuthuthukiswa isimo ingxabano, okuyinto uphela ngetindlela letehlukene: mpi, ukushaya, ukuhlukunyezwa, njll

Ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi kukhona inhlanganisela lezi zinhlobo ezimbili, isibonelo ngesikhathi kushayisana isikhathi eside emshadweni phakathi kwendoda nomkayo uma umyeni njalo kudla utshwala noma izidakamizwa, yena washaywa, edelelwa balulazeke besithunzi sobuntu. Kodwa bugebengu benzeka ngenxa yalokho, njengoba besho, "iconsi zokugcina" isenzo esithile, yesikhathi esifushane neyezinto ngesikhathi esithile.

isimo Jikelele criminogenic

Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kusekelwe nendlela ozibonakalisa ngayo, ngokusho kwaso, kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili isimo ubugebengu.

Jikelele, okungukuthi luhlanganise endaweni elikhulu nje, isibonelo, ukuntuleka yiziphi izimpahla noma amasevisi ngaphakathi endaweni ethize noma kuleli zwe kuphakamisa beshushumbisa ubugebengu eRussia.

isimo criminogenic Local

Bona kwenzeke, endaweni ethize elinganiselwe, ezifana nezezindlu noma ukungqubuzana ngesisekelo ubudlelwano professional ithimba enhlanganweni ethile, ukuxabana, balahlekelwa impahla yabo, njll

Ukwahlukanisa okuqukethwe

• Inkinga - bayilalela yokuthi ngamunye uphoqelekile ukuba ufune izindlela kungenzeka aphume wamanje isimo noma ukuphila izimo, ukuze sifinyelele lo mgomo: ngokwesibonelo, lapho udinga ukuthumela izikweletu ngemali (ngaphansi usongo ekuphileni eyabo noma abathandekayo), futhi ushayela abantu ukuba benze ukweba.
• Ukungqubuzana - ukungqubuzana okuthile kwezinzuzo kuphakama uma umqalisi kanye nabanye abantu noma zikahulumeni nezinhlangano zomphakathi: isibonelo, intsha engamahlongandlebe, okuyinto evame umphumela izingxabano phakathi kwakho nabazali, othisha, nabanye abantu abaphezulu ubudala.
• Oludlulele, okungukuthi engavamile, isimo elivelele umuntu ukuthi abe nethonya elikhulu kuye, isibonelo, ubugebengu passion, okungukuthi shock kwengqondo okunamandla.

Ukwahlukaniswa ubunjalo umthelela

Kuye onjani isinyathelo uyindoda, kukhona isimo elandelayo criminogenic:

• ingqondo (okulinga), banezizathu umphumela ashukumisayo wokufinyelela lokho okubonakala kungaphezu futhi umuntu enze ubugebengu: isibonelo, isikhwama zingagadiwe noma imoto ngokhiye ku ukuthungela, ukuziphatha isisulu;
• ezihlobene;
• akhishwe - babangela ukuphumula ukungezwani ngokomqondo, nokwagcina kwabangelwa naziphi ezinye izimo;
• kunzima.

Izimpawu isimo ubugebengu

Noma yimuphi isimo lobugebengu empeleni yayo umgomo, kuhlanganisa izici kwaleso sifundvo lubuye into lokuhlukumeza, isikhathi kanye womhlaba, zezulu nezinye izimo. Njengoba izakhi zalo angasebenza izimo lapho umusa ikhomishini ubugebengu, isibonelo, ekuvikelekeni okungenele kwempahla, izingxenye zomgwaqo eziphuthumayo ebezingathuntubeza ukunyakaza evamile ingqondo isisulu ukuziphatha (esebenzayo noma okungalindelekile) njll

Ngesikhathi esifanayo isimo sigelekeqe uhlamvu subjective, ukuthi ibonwa njengoba umuntu othile ezinjalo. Kulokhu, abantu abaningi bathi umbono uhlamvu incike izimfanelo zalo zokuziphatha nezingokwengqondo ukuthi kuholele ekuziphatheni negative noma positive kulezi zimo. Nokho, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi ngisho isimo ezingezinhle kakhulu akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi kuholele ikhomishini ubugebengu. Esibalulekile kungokwalabo isici womuntu (uhlelo ukubukwa, ukuthambekela nezifiso).

Criminogenic isimo uhlamvu kufanele bavezwe ngokushesha bese kulahlwa konke eyayakhiwe ngosizo amagadango akhethekileko - lena osemqoka kule imizamo ukuvimbela ikhomishana ubugebengu.

Ngokuvamile kukhona inyunyana imiqondo "isimo sobugebengu" futhi "isimo." Ngaphansi ethemini yekucala, kusukela iphuzu lomthetho umbono, kumele ifake hlangana ezinye inhlanganisela okuyizici ezinomthelela ukongiwa okusimeme ubugebengu noma ekukhuleni kwayo (ngabanye izizukulwane noma zinhlobo) e zendawo ethile (republic, idolobha noma endaweni ethile ezindawo). Futhi lokhu liwuhlukanise kusukela nomqondo isimo lobugebengu. Uma kuqala iqhubeka noma sibe sibi kakhulu kakade ekhona isimo ongathandeki ubugebengu ke kwethemu yesibili ichaza izimo ezingaholela ekutheni isenzo yisigwebo umthetho lobugebengu, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi.

ERussia, ikakhulukazi kwezinye izifunda, isimo ubugebengu uhlala nzima.

imiqondo of isilinganiso ubugebengu futhi isimo lobugebengu

Lo mbuzo impela esinda uyobhekwa izincwadi zomthetho. Kodwa cishe, isimo lobugebengu kumele aqondwe njengokufaka okuhlukile kungenzeka yobugebengu. Kodwa akubona bonke, kodwa kuphela ukuthi lapho isihloko kwenjongo lobugebengu noma ukufakwa asocial iqala ukusebenza. Abanye ososayensi bathi wokwazi isimo (ubugebengu) lobugebengu eyenziwa izici forensic efana umqondo esiphelele Kulicala womhlobo ezithile (njengokuthi intsha engamahlongandlebe) nemiphumela yabo. Okuthakazelisayo ukuthi inkulu ngezigaba imibuzo, njengoba lokhu kuzodala uphenyo amasu yangasese okusekelwe izimfanelo ezahlukene.

Izigaba isimo lobugebengu

Sekukonke kunezinhlobo ezintathu. Ake sihlole isinyathelo ngasinye kabanzi.

1. Predkriminalnaya isimo - it is a indlela ekhethekile izimo nemibandela, isikhathi kanye nendawo nohlobo lobugebengu ubudlelwano kanye izisulu zawo, abangela operandi munye. Ngokuvamile basuke elakhiwe phakathi ukuqaliswa isenzo wokulungiselela: ukulungiselela ngokungashwampuluzi kwenaba we plan, yizikhali, izindawo. Izenzo ezinjalo kuzokwenza isimo essence predkriminogennoy kuphela uma kungukuthi ezichazwe sengqondo esihlokweni okuhambisanayo.

2. isimo Empeleni lobugebengu. Ingabe uhlelo ezimisiwe izimo, okuyinto ayaqalwa nge injongo emthethweni. It okwamanje livela ngqo lapho isenzo lobugebengu kuqala.

3 post-simo. Kuhlanganisa izenzakalo ezenzeka ngemva ikhomishini yesenzo sobugebengu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa esikhoselweni noma ukubhujiswa iminonjana nezinye izindlela sokugwema necala lobugebengu.

isimo Criminogenic nokuphepha siqu

Kusukela ukuwela kwezimo ezingezinhle, isimo sonke sibhekana. Into ebaluleke kakhulu - kuba ukuzola futhi ukulinganisela kwengqondo. I oyisisekelo zokuphepha uma ungena izimo criminogenic (emgwaqweni, ngo izindawo zomphakathi , njll) ungaboniswa ngisho amagama amathathu: sikulindele, gwema futhi uthathe isinyathelo.

Isimo esiyinhloko zokuphepha - ukuba zigweme ukuthintana ngqo nomuntu okonile. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhumbula amanye amaphuzu avelele kanye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama. isimo Criminogenic Kuvame kakhulu ebusuku, e ezigqagqene izindawo, iminyango, nezinqolobane zommbila. Ngakho zama ukuba emgwaqeni ebusuku kuphela. Hlale uzolile futhi beqiniseka, zimpawu isisulu (ukudana, ukukhathala, ukukhathala, abaxhwale ngokomzimba) bese uyazama hhayi sidonse amehlo izikhwama ezinkulu futhi obubizayo. Nini Ukukhetha indlela, ukhethe lowo kuphephile, kodwa hhayi esifushane.

Ubugebengu eRussia impela high, ngenxa-ke okokuqala ukuthi izinga lokuphila kanye nokusebenza kwezomnotho. Njengoba isisho ezinzile: waxwayisa - is forearmed. Uma endaweni ohlala kulo noma ngokuvamile ukuya emsebenzini, has a udumo lobugebengu, ningakwenqabi imithetho yokuphepha komuntu siqu.