Udilikajele is alinikeziwe kulokho izimo?

Ukuze amacala obugebengu bazojeziswa. Le nqubo, okungukuthi, ubukhulu kanye nohlobo isijeziso, ulawula Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

isigaba zobugebengu

Ngokomthetho lobugebengu, zikhona eziningana izinhlobo zobugebengu, uhlobo ngezigaba, owawuthi futhi kwakhiwa isijeziso isephulamthetho is:

1. A adonsela phansi encane - isenzo lapho elithi babelwe ezingekho ngaphezu kweminyaka emibili umbuso kwezimilo.

2. Maphakathi - yicala okuyinto ukhombe kusaba kunaseminyakeni eyisihlanu ekoloni lokujeziswa.

3. alangazelela - izenzo zobugebengu okuyiwona Criminal Code sihlinzekela izilinganiso njengokuba esikhungweni sokuqondisa izigwegwe isikhathi esingeqile eminyakeni eyishumi.

4. Ikakhulukazi sina - osithathayo isinyathelo ngenxa ukukhiqizwa okuyinto isijeziso kufanele nalokuvalelwa isikhathi iminyaka eyishumi noma ngaphezulu, kuhlanganise ukuboshwa ngoba ekufeni zemvelo umzimba yemvelo noma nokuswela ngempoqo zokuphila.

I amacala abucayi kakhulu

Ngakho, ngesisekelo izigaba ezilandelayo ubugebengu, kungaba kuqashelwe ukuthi udilikajele akuyona esiwabelwe isenzo "ukukhanya". Ngokuvamile, lezo zinyathelo liyakushunyayelwa isicelo elibucayi kakhulu futhi kuyingozi. Lezi zihlanganisa labo ikhomishana okuyinto kakhulu kwephula amalungelo nenkululeko izakhamuzi ngabanye, wonke umphakathi noma ubudlelwane isimo kanye kwemibuso.

Zonke amacala alolu hlobo uzibophezele eziyingozi emphakathini noma ngendlela efanayo. Kulokhu, isenzo esinjalo kungenzeka kokubili ngesikhathi sobugebengu, futhi ngenxa nesenzo bemvelo lobugebengu.

Uhlu lwezihloko nge udilikajele

Isimo lobugebengu, njengoba umthetho, ubunjalo ekhethekile ubugebengu kukhonjisiwe izihloko ngasekugcineni.

Ngokusho CC RF, izenzo ezinjalo akunakubangelwa ngokwengxenye 2-5 izihloko (kuye ngokuthi siyini isikhundla) empambanweni izikhundla ezilandelayo: 105, 111, 126, 127, 131, 132, 134, 135, 161-163, kanye nabanye. Le nombolo uhlu 7 ilungiswe iziqondiso olukhethekile iHhovisi Lomshushisi kusuka 2014.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona futhi uhlu lwezinto okuyiwona ukuqashelwa bobugebengu obukhulu ikakhulukazi incike lapho icala lobugebengu kanti bekungakaboshwa muntu.

Ikakhulukazi, uma ukuqulwa kwecala yayimiswe ngo-2014, babonakala njengoba sina ngokukhethekile ngaphansi: 205,3, Ingxenye 1 of Art .. 208 h. 1 tbsp. 212 we Criminal Code.

izimo

Lapho egweba ijaji elinikelwe ngumthetho lokwenza izinqumo ezinjalo, eqondiswa hhayi kuphela indlela yokwakheka icala, kodwa futhi ukuba khona (noma ukungabi khona) ka ukunqandwa noma isihluku. Kukhona, isibonelo, izimo ezinjalo ukuthi ngokwabo ebiyelwe esimweni ezahlukene. Uma izinto ezinjengalezi ucaciswa, abakwazi okwengeziwe kubhekwe ku isinqumo kwesigwebo.

Ngakho, eziphawuleka izinto ikakhulukazi esindayo udilikajele angeke zisebenze uma eqinisweni kunobufakazi bokuthi nokunciphisa icala ummangalelwa.

Ubani engenakugxekwa ukuphila?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi, ngaphansi kwazo Article enze ubugebengu yesisindo konke okusemandleni, udilikajele angeke isetshenziswa izakhamuzi angakawamukeli neminyaka engu-18 ubudala, futhi abesifazane. Futhi, udilikajele is alinikeziwe zamadoda senibadala umdala ngokwanele. Yini kulonyaka? Uneminyaka engu-65 ubudala.

Ngokusho isihloko 56 we Criminal Code izinyathelo okuphoqelekile okwenziwa ezikhungweni izivimbelo wenkululeko, kuhlanganise kulesi sigaba sama-abantu abangase babe kusuka izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwabaneminyaka engamashumi amabili. Ezimweni ekhethekile: emacaleni amaningi - kuze kube iminyaka engu-30 yesigwebo ezuziwe - akukho engaphezu kuka 35.

nezinye izici

Kuye nezinye izinto, khona lapho kwezinye izimo akuxhomekile ejele lobugebengu ukuphila futhi alinikeziwe:

- ngamacala ngaphansi komkhakha esinzulu uma alikapheli;

- uma amajaji wabuya isinqumo ngoba ukubonelelwa;

- uma pre-trial wenza isivumelwano nokubambisana.

isimiso ukulinganiselwa

Ukuze kwecala elinye lobugebengu, ngaphezu ngezigaba zabo eziyisisekelo, ukusebenzisa isimiso ukulinganiselwa. emacaleni ithuna Ikakhulukazi banikwa nenkathi eyiminyaka engu-15. Umkhawulo nezikhathi kubalwa kusukela ngesikhathi secala, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi, lapho, isibonelo, ukufihla ummangalelwa, le nkathi kufanele imiswe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma inkantolo zilethwe sinqumo yayo, kodwa sasingawohloki kwenziwe, futhi, kukhona nezikhathi komkhawulo - engu-15 isigwebo ngamacala ekhethekile futhi iyingozi, futhi udilikajele is alinikeziwe (kanye nanoma yimaphi amanye uhlobo isijeziso).

Sokuvuselela imigomo kulokhu, kungenzeka ngokuzikhethela inkantolo, njengoba kuqhathaniswa ezindabeni zomphakathi noma ekuqhutshweni ngokuphathelene namacala ngaphansi sina.

Lokhu kuchazwe iqiniso lokuthi, ngenxa isikhathi isenzo kungaba besakwazi ingozi yezenhlalakahle noma siqu, njengoba kwakunjalo ngqo ikhomishana, noma ushintshe umthetho ngokwawo, okuyinto engabondli abakubo sijeziso ezinzima ngenxa yalesi senzo.

izici ezengeziwe

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwathiwa kushiwo ngenhla, zikhona nezinye izizathu ukuthi udilikajele akukashicilelwa ngoba ukwenza isenzo esiyingozi. Lezi zihlanganisa ezidinga ngibonelele njengoba kubekiwe kumtheshwana wenqubo 61 ka Criminal Code:

- izenzo, kwaholela emiphumeleni emibi negative, Kwakuseshwa nomuzwa wozwela;

- ukoniwa obenziwe ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu;

- ukoniwa obenziwe okweqa imingcele ukuzivikela ezidingekayo (lokhu sihloko ayo);

- banikezwe ezidingekayo usizo lokuqala kanye ukulungiswa yokuzithandela.

Ngo khona kwalezi zimo ngaphambi ephetha ukufa yemvelo, okungukuthi ukuphila, akunjalo esimisiwe eRussia.

ukulinganiselwa organic

Lo mbuzo ubuzwa: kungani sivumele isishaya-mthetho babehlukanisa sabantu kuzigaba ezisuselwa ukusetshenziswa ekuphileni ikumodi lokuthola indawo? Phela, ukuba shu, owesilisa noma owesifazane, uma indlela secala noma imiphumela kwakhona ubulili-umthwalo cha. Nokho, ngaphandle nje lezi amaqembu abantu (bomake, bantfwana kanye amadoda engu-65), ezisengozini ezifunwayo kanye edinga ukusekelwa, sivumele isishaya-mthetho isinqume ukuthi isijeziso awuzange kubhekwe kusebenza lezi tigaba.

Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi nezigebengu abakhonza isijeziso njengoba udilikajele, noma abahlukumeza kwenziwe ubugebengu kuyingozi ngokukhethekile, akudingekile ukukhiqiza ngokuvamile, okungukuthi, ukuba kukhawulwe ilungelo labo ekuqaleni ukukhululwa.

Nokho, naphezu ngokunemba okusobala lo mbono, siwukuqaphela yomthethosisekelo kanye izinhlinzeko zoMthetho Isentha Human Rights. Ngokwe iziqondiso umuntu kufanele abe ilungelo lokukhetha futhi nelungelo lokulungisa. Imikhawulo kungenzeka ukukhululwa lapho ukuziphatha okuhle kubhekwa ukwephulwa okukhulu soMthethosisekelo Russia.

Lapho ezigwetshwe ukudilikelwa?

Unikezwe isigwebo sikadilikajele e koloni, okuyinto has a umbuso ekhethekile. isikhungo Public yalolu hlobo kusikisela ukuthi izigebengu yokuqala engu-10 ekhonza isikhathi ku enemibandela yeziboshwa, ngokuhlukile nabanye ababili ekamelweni.

Isakhamuzi, ngubani ezindaweni ezifana ingasebenza futhi ukufunda, kodwa izimo ezikhethekile zidalwe ngoba. Lokho ekhangwa zalezi zinhlobo imisebenzi ngokulandelana kwezikhathi singanikezwanga, kusukela seziphindela zigcinwe zodwa kuthiwa futhi azibamukeli ekukhiqizeni Imininingwane noma ukuqeqeshwa.

Walahlwa nokuba yijele ingavunyelwa ukuhamba esikhaleni esinikeziwe ku engekho nezinye iziboshwa. Inkathi kukhawulwe amahora nesigamu. Uma ukuziphatha icala akwephuli oda futhi ingabe akuhileli ubugebengu obusha, zihamba zingandiswa kufika emahoreni amabili.

Nayikuthi iselelesi engenzi izono noma zobugebengu omusha, ungathatha nokuhumushela olimini izimo ezejwayelekile noma lula. Ngakho, isiboshwa uchitha ejele iminyaka engu-25, ngemva kwalokho kungenzeka ushwele.

izindawo kwezimilo

ERussia kukhona emajele eyaziwa, okuyinto aqukethe wagwetshwa ukuphila enihlala iseli, kokuba imodi ethile noma okuxubile (elawula futhi ekhethekile, jikelele futhi ekhethekile, nokunye. P.).

Lezi zikhungo zihlanganisa:

- "Black Dolphin" (Sol-Iletsk, Orenburg esifundeni);

- "White Swan" (Solikamsk, Perm esifundeni);

- "Black ukhozi" (Ivdelsky wesifunda, Sverdlovsk esifundeni);

- "isikhova seqhwa" (Labytnangi, yaseTyumen);

- "Ognenny Ostrov" (Isiqhingi yoMlilo, Vologda esifundeni).

Bangaki abaphuli ukukhonza ukuphila?

Izibalo zithi ejele impilo yonke agcwaliswa ngonyaka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izwe njalo ngonyaka kuba abantu abaningi abanecala ubugebengu sabantu lwezigaba ekhethekile.

Ngokwe-Russian Federal Penitentiary Izikhungo ngo-January 1, 2015, ikoloni kwezimilo zabantu 1897 idonsa izigwebo zayo, ugwetshelwe ukuphila. Lena abantu 37 ezingaphezu kuka-2014.

Grant lokuthola ushwele

ERussia, udilikajele is hhayi oqokwe ngaphandle ngepharoli, njengoba, ngokwesibonelo, eBulgaria. Ngakho, mina siboshwa unelungelo, uma ungakakwenzi kakade lidlule engamashumi amabili nanhlanu ka udilikajele, ukuba bafake isicelo enkantolo ukukhishwa ngaphambi kokuphela kwesikhathi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-Russian Federation kukhona inqubo kuphoqelekile bokuhlukaniswa ilungelo khona, okuyinto ngokulandelana ukuxolelwa kungashintshwa udilikajele. Ngakho, ngokuba esikhungweni sokuqondisa izigwegwe lapho kufa begazi isiboshwa - kuba isenzo ngaso isihe kumuntu ngokuhambisana wamalungelo.

Nokho kuye kwaba akukho abaphuli likashwele ezigwetshwe ukudilikelwa emajele ukuze ukufa yemvelo. Nokho, kwakukhona imizamo amabili kuya ukugcwalisa izicelo ukukhulula, kodwa inkantolo ushiye umusho zinjalo. Ngakho, ngisho umuntu oyedwa waboshwa wavalelwa ejele kuze kube ukuphila yemvelo engakaze ngoshwele, ngisho nobe loyo muntfu ekoloni ka iminyaka emashumi mathandathu anamihlanu.

Kwamanye amazwe, njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, ukukhululwa zakuqala Alilona usizo labo fela ukuchitha konke ukuphila ejele.

Ukuze izingane, kukhona ezinye izinhlobo zesijeziso, ngoba babekholelwa ukuthi ukuphila kwentombazane fela for ubugebengu ikakhulukazi enobudlova noyingozi okunonya.

izimo Iningi omnene zokudlulisela kwabanye imibandela noma ngoshwele wayekwenza e-Italy. Ngokwesibonelo, isiboshwa engamashumi amabili bangalindela ukuhlangabezana isicelo ukukhululwa okunemibandela. Noma isinqumo senkantolo eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili kungenzeka isakhamuzi anikezwe izimo ezikahle zokukhonza njengomdala iholidi ezinsukwini ezingamashumi amane nanhlanu noma imisebenzi ngaphandle ejele.

ENetherlands, kunalokho, ungavumeli ngoshwele iziboshwa, nakuba unelungelo lokukhalaza ukuba kukhululwe khona. Kusukela ngonyaka ka-1940, e esimweni ababekuso ekhululiwe okwengeziwe ukuhlala ejele abantu ababili kuphela ababe ugulela ukufa.