Statin - kuyini? Statin (izidakamizwa): igama

Statin - izidakamizwa ukuthi kungenziwa iqondiswa kuphela udokotela futhi kuphela ngemva kokuba kokuxilongwa igazi ukuthi ukunquma amazinga cholesterol. Ezimweni ezinjalo, umgomo wabo oyinhloko - ukuvikela uhlelo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezifweni pathologies kuluthola. Lapho enquma udokotela ubophekile ukuba eluleke isiguli ku izinto ezilandelayo:

• statin - ukuthi iyini;
• eziyinkimbinkimbi side effects kusukela imithi.

Futhi, udokotela uqhuba ingxoxo ngesihloko ukuthi statin kufanele athathwe njalo. Kuphela ngaphansi kwalesi simo, empeleni ukuvikela izitsha inhliziyo negazi futhi ube liphinyiselwe nomphumela oqabulayo.

Umqondo cholesterol

Cholesterol - a lipid kokuba odabuka yemvelo: amaphesenti angu-80 is kuhlelwe umqondo ngu isibindi, futhi 20 is udle ukudla. indima cholesterol ekusebenzeni kahle umzimba kubalulekile ngempela: ingenye zokwakha emangqamuzaneni, isebenze umzimba, ivikela amaseli emiphumeleni ezintweni ezingezinhle ekusungulweni of Bile acid kanye hormone ocansini. Cholesterol kuyinto "okuhle" futhi "okubi". Futhi kusukela umbono wezokwelapha, lokhu ngezigaba simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• HDL - okusezingeni eliphezulu kwabantu lipoproteins. Abantu nge wokuqukethwe lelisetulu we cholesterol egazini bona abanakho ukuthambekela isifo senhliziyo. Okweqile HDL cholesterol is zithutha emuva isibindi, lapho sihamba synthesis, ngakho ngeke cholesterol zingcwecwe futhi akazange ziyingozi empilweni. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa statin ayidingeki, ngoba umzimba egijima kahle futhi ngokuvumelanayo.
• LDL - ongaphakeme-ukuminyana lipoproteins. Ingozi esiyinhloko umzimba ngayo lapho uxhumeke kwi-cholesterol zingcwecwe. Iyini ingozi ka
  mkhuba? ezifakwa Atherosclerotic okuyinto axazulule ngaphakathi isitsha (ezindongeni), clog kubo, ngaleyo ndlela impairing ukugeleza kwegazi. Lokhu kuholela hypoxia, unhlangothi, isifo senhliziyo.

Statin - kuyini?

Ngo amabili isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi ekhulwini wayebhekwa njengoba yezimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa, ngoba imbangela isilethikusebenza nonhlangothi. Kwaphela isikhathi eside kwaba umbono yokuphambuka odokotela ukuthi isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi - awushintsheki futhi yemvelo inqubo ukuguga zomzimba. Ukutholakala statin kwaba revolution emhlabeni wezokwelapha: babenesifiso impahla enamandla holesterinsnizhayuschim. Ngemiphumela yocwaningo eyenziwa ngaphakathi iminyaka 5, babe izinkomba ezilandelayo:

• Ukuncishiswa LDL cholesterol (cholesterol embi) ngu-35%.
• Ukwandisa ezingeni HDL (cholesterol enhle) 8%.
• Ukuncishiswa unhlangothi ngo-30% bese inhliziyo lihlaselwa 42%.

izidakamizwa Statin - izidakamizwa ukuthi ukusheshisa kanye nokulawula zamagama cholesterol emzimbeni, ukunciphisa okuhlushwa alo ngokuzihlanganisa ezivimbela reductase MMC-CoA.

Ukuze linqume statin

Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa, ngemuva kokuthatha imithi Kwaphawulwa Dynamics omuhle in iziguli esingelapheki isifo senhliziyo. Ubufakazi bokuthi imiphumela emihle yokwelapha statin kwezinye pathologies nezifo zikhona, akukho. Kodwa la mathuluzi hhayi kuphela zokwelapha kodwa futhi izifo. Njengoba ama-statin - izidakamizwa ukuthi ukunciphisa cholesterol, abelwe ukuba abantu okuqondene lezi zigaba:

• Abantu ne homozygous hypercholesterolemia ngofuzo, engesiyo amenable ukuba ngemithi hypolipidemic.
• Iziguli ischemic isifo senhliziyo, kungakhathaliseki izinga le-cholesterol.
• Iziguli yisifo senhliziyo futhi pectoris angina.
• Iziguli yenhliziyo syndrome.
• Sikashukela ukulawula amazinga egazi cholesterol.
• Iziguli nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kubalulekile engozini yokuthola izifo eziphathelene nenhliziyo.
• Iziguli izilonda atherosclerotic semithambo. Izifo ezihlala zihlanganisa isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi imithambo cerebral yezingalo nemilenze ephansi, imithambo kwezinso futhi khona zingcwecwe atherosclerotic ku Umthambo carotid.
• Abantu abangabhalisile abaphethwe izifo zenhliziyo, kodwa amazinga aphezulu cholesterol egazini.

Statin - yizidakamizwa phakathi izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvimbela ekulweni nezifo ze-uhlelo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ngokwezibalo, emazweni lapho okwandayo yokuthengisa le mithi, izinga lokufa yizifo ezihlobene nokungabikho cholesterol aphezulu amazinga egazini ancipha kakhulu.

"Ngoba" futhi "ngokumelene"

Ngakho-statin. Kuyini futhi kungakanani bayadingeka - esixoxe ngazo ngenhla. Kodwa odokotela umbono mayelana lemithi kuyadida. Kukhona ocabangelayo "ngoba" futhi "ngokumelene" maqondana le mithi. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukukhangisa iziqubulo athembisa ukususa labantu isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi naso sonke lesi kusho isifo, statin akuzona njalo futhi hhayi nanoma yimaphi ngokwezinga ewusizo. Ikakhulukazi impikiswano kuyinto umbuzo lapho abantu abadala: okokuqala, statin - izidakamizwa, okuyiwona intengo is amukeleka kuze lonke; Okwesibili, imiphumela emibi kungadala kungalimaza kakhulu kunokuba kusize lapho ukuphuza imithi njengoba prophylaxis. Ngokusekelwe imiphumela zokwelapha olwenziwa ezikhungweni ezahlukene, ochwepheshe bathi lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukusetshenziswa statin njengoba isilinganiso izifo, ukunciphisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo noma unhlangothi, kuphezulu ngempela, kodwa imiphumela emibi kuphoqelela odokotela ukuthi ucabange ngaphambi wona iziguli ongakayisebenzisi sibhekene nesifo senhliziyo.
• Ikakhulukazi linqume ngokucophelela statin abantu umbono abangafuni izimpawu cataract noma ukuhlupheka kakade ngenxa yalesi sifo. Ngokwezibalo, ekuphathweni izidakamizwa kwandisa ingozi ngwengwezi ngu 52%.
• Lokhu kusebenza futhi abantu abadala abaphethwe isifo sikashukela. yokwelapha Statin kuvusa ukuthuthukiswa esweni ngezikhathi 5.6 ngokushesha.

Kodwa, noma kunjalo, entsha statin izidakamizwa esetshenziswa kwezokwelapha kakhudlwana futhi ulethe inzuzo yabo siqu. Kuvele kudokotela onolwazi oluthé kumelwe eluleke isiguli ngaphambi linqume ukwelashwa nge mithi, phezu izinkinga ezilandelayo:

• Statin - kuyini?
• Yini okumele uyilindele ekuthatheni imithi: okuhle ngokwelashwa nokuvimbela.
• Imiphumela engemihle futhi imiphumela zomuthi.
• Njengoba kulokho ngemithamo ukuthatha izidakamizwa.

Statin cholesterol: ohlangothini flip

Imithi ukwehlisa amazinga cholesterol kumiphumela igazi e ushintsho nezinye izinkomba emzimbeni:

• Statin ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa cholesterol hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi esasisandulele - mevalonate. Ungumthombo wako izinto eziningi ezibalulekile imisebenzi yemvelo emzimbeni. Ububi lezi izinto kungaholela kwezinye izifo.
• A amazinga aphansi cholesterol ingaba yingozi ezingaphezu kuka okusezingeni eliphezulu: kuholela kwengozi yomdlavuza, ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni, izinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa futhi isibindi.
• Ngokusho ucwaningo olwenziwa e-US, amazinga cholesterol anda Kwabangela i-magnesium okuqukethwe ongaphakeme emzimbeni. ukuntula kwalo kuholela angina, umfutho ophakeme wegazi, isifo sikashukela kanye nokuthuthukiswa arrhythmias.
• "Kubi" cholesterol is bahileleke izicubu ukukhanda emangqamuzaneni. Statin kungase kuthiye lo msebenzi, okuholela myalgia (ubuthakathaka, edema, imisipha ubuhlungu) ngisho sokuwohloka kwemisipha.

side effects

Umonakalo statin e uzwakalise eside reception uhlangothi izenzakalo zawo ezifana:

• komzimba: ukulunywa, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, urticaria, anaphylaxis, erythema multiforme, Lyell Syndrome.
• wokugaya ukudla: nohudo, ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, isifo sokusha kwesibindi, pancreatitis, jaundice.
• Amachibi hematopoiesis: thrombocytopenia.
• isimiso sezinzwa: isiyezi, paresthesia, ukulahlekelwa amandla okukhumbula, peripheral neuropathy, ukucobeka, ubuthakathaka.
• uhlelo zemisipha: amajaqamba, ubuhlungu emuva, samathambo, myiasis.
• Umzimba: hypoglycaemia (ukwehla kashukela), ingozi yesifo sikashukela.

ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside statin kungaholela ukuqwasha, ikhanda, ubuthakathaka, isisindo somzimba noma ye-anorexia.

Ezinye izimiso statin oluthandwa

Uma, ngemva zonke "kochwepheshe" futhi "omelene" Kwanqunywa ukuba ukwabela statin, kuhle ukucabangela ezinye izici: ukuhambisana nezinye izidakamizwa futhi khona izifo.

• Statin ukwelashwa nge imithi sifo, isifo sikashukela nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kungabangela ingozi myopathy kabili.
• Ngo izifo zesibindi ezingamahlalakhona Ufanele ukuphuza imithi izici zokuphepha ezengeziwe. Lokhu ongaphakeme umthamo rosuvastatin futhi pravastatin ( "Pravaksol"). Bekanye nabo akuvunyelwe nhlobo ukuthatha antibiotic utshwala.
• Ngezinye ngisezinhlungwini bemisipha noma ngesikhathi umsebenzi, engabangela ukulimala kwemisipha izicubu, kungcono ukuthatha pravastatin.
• Ngokucophelela okukhulu linqume izidakamizwa iziguli isifo sezinso. Kasibili Awukwazi ukusebenzisa anobuthi ezinsweni statin: igama imithi fluvastatin - "Lescol Forte", atorvastatin - "Lipitor."

Uma ngabe injongo yokuthola statin - a ane-ukwehlisa ukuminyana ongaphakeme, angasetshenziswa ekuhlanganisweni ne nicotinic acid. ejenti Ideal zihlanganisa rosuvastatin noma atorvastatin.

Ukwahlukaniswa ezivamile statin

Mayelana umsebenzi wabo ukwehlisa cholesterol statin zihlukaniswe amaqembu 6:

Statin (imikhiqizo igama thina uhlu ngezansi) akhethiwe kanye aqokwe udokotela, ngokusekelwe ezingeni cholesterol egazini.

rosuvastatin

Isilinganiso umthamo nsuku zonke 5-10 mg rosuvastatin. Ezigulini nezibi ekwelapheni hypercholesterolemia emkhayeni, umthamo wansuku zonke kuze kube-40 mg. Libuye esiphezulu. izidakamizwa Zokwenziwa.

pravastatin

Pravastatin yangosuku - kuyinto 20-40 mg. esiphezulu umthamo ibekezelelwe (80 mg) ayizange isetshenziswe ngenxa akuphelele kokuhlolisisa senzo. Semi-zokwenziwa izidakamizwa.

atorvastatin

Atorvastatin - izidakamizwa zokwenziwa esizukulwane sesithathu. Phakathi isizukulwane sakhe statin kukhona ephumelela kunazo, isibonelo, idlula nekusebenta isigamu fluvastatin. ukwelashwa kokuqala ne Kunconywa 10-20 mg ngosuku. In the ukungabikho nomphumela ofiselekayo we umthamo luyanda 40 mg ngosuku. Atorvastatin elisetshenziswa umthamo 80 mg ngelanga ngenxa nokwelashwa kweziguli sibi syndrome senhliziyo. izidakamizwa Zokwenziwa.

simvastatin

Simvastatin - lulwimi zokwenziwa kwezidakamizwa idlula ukusebenza kwe lovastatin kabili. kokuqala umthamo nsuku zonke 10-20 mg, e kungase engekho umphumela oyifunayo senyukela 40 mg. Umkhawulo ovumelekile yangosuku - kuyinto 80 mg ngosuku.

fluvastatin

Zokwenziwa ukulungiselela fluvastatin yaphathwa umthamo 20-40 MG ngosuku, kodwa umthamo elikhulu - 80 mg ngosuku. It is ezimisiwe iziguli ezithola ejenti cytotoxic ngemva isitho ukufakelwa.

lovastatin

Lovastatin - the statin zemvelo kuphela. Esusiwe kusukela ukhunta Aspergillus terreus. umthamo Ukuqala - 20 mg ngosuku. Isetshenziswa kanye, ebusuku, ngemva kokudla kwakusihlwa. Kwezinye izimo, izinga nsuku zonke anda ukuze 40 mg ngosuku. Kucishe kangikaze elisetshenziswa umkhuba emtholampilo ngenxa ukubukeka ngaphezulu imikhiqizo eziphambili analog.