Tales Saltykov-Shchedrin: uhlu kanye nokuhlaziywa

It is bonke umbhali Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin Ngempela kwakuyisikhathi umdali bukhulu. Njengoba esemthethweni, wenza bagxeka abangenalwazi izikhulu futhi walidumisa abantu elula Russian. Tales Saltykov-Shchedrin, uhlu okuhlanganisa angaphezu kweshumi nambili, kukhona ifa kwezincwadi zethu zakudala.

"Umninindlu Wild"

Zonke izindaba Mihaila Evgrafovicha olubhalwe kusetshenziswa ukubhuqa abukhali. Ngosizo heroes (lesilwane noma lomuntu), yena ihlekisa imikhuba emibi abantu ngisho ezinhlwini Okuvinjiwe ephakeme. Tales Saltykov-Shchedrin, ogama uhlu kungaba ephelele ngaphandle izindaba mayelana umninindlu zasendle, usisize ukubona isimo sengqondo yezikhulu kwekhulu le-19 kuya serfs yabo. Umlando ezincane, kodwa kwenza umuntu acabange ngezinto eziningi ezinkulu.

Umnikazi ngagama ongaziwa Urus Kuchum Kildibaev uhlala kutitfokotisa: kubutsela isivuno ocebile, ine izindlu zikanokusho futhi eziningi ezweni. Kodwa uma ekhathele enaleni abalimi ekhaya bakhe futhi banquma ukuba balahle kubo. Ngamncenga umninindlu kuNkulunkulu, kodwa abazange bazilalele isicelo sakhe. Waqala ngazo zonke izindlela ongazicabanga ukweyisa amadoda, ngaqala akuqede izintela zabo. Futhi iNkosi wabanesihe ngazo, futhi wanyamalala.

Ekuqaleni, umninindlu oyisiphukuphuku wajabula: manje akanasabelo ziphazamise. Kodwa kamuva waqala ukuzizwa ukungabikho yabo: ukudla akukho kuphekwe kuye, musa ukuhlanza indlu. Ojenene ngokuvakashela futhi phoyisa wambiza isiwula. Kodwa akazange siqonde ukuthi kungani kunjalo usibize. Ngenxa yalokho, waqala phansi washaywa zasendle kangangokuthi ngisho wabheka kuhle kwesilo: izinwele yene, izihlahla ukugibela, futhi inyamazane waklebhula izandla zakhe wasidla.

Satirical sama imikhuba emibi wohlanga olukhulu masterfully kuvezwa Saltykov-Shchedrin. Tale "umninindlu Wild" kubonisa ukuthi uyisithutha kungaba umuntu akaqondi ukuthi ayephila kahle kuphela ngenxa abalimi yayo.

Ekupheleni yonke serfs emuva umninindlu, futhi ukuphila izimbali zawo ziwukudla futhi inyama emakethe ethengisa endlini ihlanzekile futhi icocekile. Kodwa lokho kuphela Urus Kuchum awabuyelanga ukubukeka zabo zangaphambili. Usalokhu Mumbles, ulahlekile ukuphila zasendle zakhe ezindala.

"Minnow Uhlakaniphile"

Abantu abaningi khumbula kusuka ebuntwaneni inganekwane Saltykov-Shchedrin, engesiyo uhlu encane: "Njengoba indoda fed ojenene ababili", "Bear esifundazweni", "Kisel ',' Konyaga". Nokho, ukuze siqonde incazelo okuyiyonayona lezi izindaba siqala, lapho siba abadala.

Njalo is tale "minnow Hlakaniphile." Waphila impilo yakhe yonke futhi wesaba kakhulu: Umdlavuza, a zigcwele amanzi, abantu, ngisho kumfowabo. Abazali wayeyokwazi ukudlulisela kuye: "Bheka kuye!" Futhi wanquma Piscary lonke ekuphileni lapho ayecashe khona ubani iso engakutholi. Futhi ngakho ayephila eminyakeni engaphezu kwekhulu edlule. Lutho empilweni yami oke wabona noma wezwa.

"Minnow Uhlakaniphile" Tale Saltykov-Shchedrin sika ihlekisa abantu abayiziphukuphuku abakulungele ukuphila ukuphila ngokwesaba iyiphi ingozi. Ngomcabango manje izinhlanzi ezindala, ngoba ayephila kuso. Futhi edabukile ngakho ngoba angizange ubona ukukhanya okumhlophe. Nganquma akhuphukele ngenxa Driftwood. Bese akekho wayibona.

Umlobi uyahleka ukuthi ngisho Pike izinhlanzi onjalo edala ngeke kube khona. Minnow umsebenzi ngokuthi ahlakaniphile, kodwa kuba ngokungangabazeki lokumamukela satirical, ngoba smart ukuyibiza kunzima kakhulu.

isiphetho

Tales Saltykov- Shchedrina (uhlu ohlwini ngenhla) kufanele izincwadi kahle isiRashiya samanje. Njengoba ngokucacile futhi ngokuhlakanipha umbhali uchaza amaphutha womuntu! Lezi zindaba kungukuthi elahlekile ukuhlobana esikhathini sethu. Kulesi ayefana ezinganekwaneni.