Umlobi yesayensi uWilliam Gibson: Biography, lokusungula

Waba idume DEBUT yakhe inoveli kwaba yimpumelelo kakhulu esigabeni yayo, futhi ngokushesha kwathengwa amakhophi angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-eziyisithupha emhlabeni wonke. Wabizwa uyise isitayela yesayensi (cyberpunk), futhi yilokho umlobi we elithi "zingosi", nakuba kakhulu ophika lesi sihloko futhi akafuni ukuba bagomela igunya umqondo. Yilokho-ke kuyinto - UWilliam Gibson.

Life imidwebo

Wazalelwa Mashi 17, 1948 edolobheni Conway, ukuthi isimo South Carolina, e-umkhaya ovamile American. Akusho ukuthi umfana ngifuna ukulandela ezinyathelweni abazali kanye nomsebenzi nokuphila lonke isimo, okuyinto neze waphawula imizamo yabo kuyadabukisa bahuba abantu. Watadisha kahle futhi kalula wangena University of British Columbia Faculty of kolimi. Kwakungekhona inhliziyo yakhe, le nsizwa engafuni ukusebenza noma empini, futhi uye wanquma ukutadisha futhi zonke izinkinga zakhe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, wayegunde ezazidingeka ukuzalwa okuhle, futhi izinto banikwa kuye kalula futhi akazange kudinga isikhathi esibalulekile kanye umzamo nentuthuko yabo. Kamuva, ngo-1968, wathuthela eCanada yalungisa eToronto. Ukuhamba kwakhe yena uWilliam Gibson uchaza ukuthi wayengafuni ukuba bahlanganyele YaseVietnam. Ngemva kweminyaka emine, umbhali esizayo wagcina enqunywe unendawo yokuhlala. Wakhetha Vancouver - idolobha olunothile ogwini Pacific. Lapha kulapho ugqozi beza kuye, futhi splash emagagasini umsindo umoya phezu kwezihloko izihlahla zikaphayini amabili nane lendoda iqala ukubhala eqanjiwe.

Imisebenzi ekuseni

Imisebenzi yokuqala lapho umlobi zilethwe umphakathi, babe letimfisha eqanjiwe, egcwele imigomo kudida ukuthi ukuchaza Symbiosis of cybernetics nangokuphila kwabantu, etshela kanjani ngokoqobo virtual ishintshile ezimpilweni zabantu. Indaba bokuqala ngokuthi "Izindengezi we Hologram Rose", kuba eyabhalwa ngonyaka 1977.

isiqondiso entsha

Abagxeki ngazwi linye ngazisa ukuthi uWilliam Gibson kuyinto umsunguli we isitayela kwezincwadi cyberpunk, nakuba ungumbhali waleli sebekubeke ophika. Eqinisweni Enelukuluku eyayinakho uWilliam computer ziyazi ezingeni bakudala kakhulu. Isici kule ndawo kucatshangwa ukuthi izindaba eshicilelwe ngo-1981, "Johnny ngekhanda" futhi "Burning-Chrome" ngo-1982.

"Neuromancer"

Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, ukukhanya uyaphuma omunye amanoveli yakhe edume kunazo zonke - "Neuromancer." William Gibson wakwazi ukuhlanganisa konke lokho ayecabanga ukuthi kusungulwe Canon kwesitayela yabo. Incwadi yilona wokuqala ochungechungeni enesihloko esithi "zingosi". Lihlanganisa amanoveli "Bala Zero" futhi "Mona Lisa Overdrive". Ngokwengxenye, base co-ezibhaliwe ne Bruce Sterling.

Ngesisekelo isitayela entsha

William Gibson, ogama amabhuku bagcwala izincazelo zonke izinhlobo amagajethi kanye ubuchwepheshe, wayemthanda ngempela endabeni futhi kunesijeziso izinhlamvu ubuhlobo, ucabangela ukuthi izingxenye - lokhu akuyona into ebaluleke kunazo zonke. Ukuba ekolishi imfundo izincwadi umbhali, wayembheka ubuze.

Umfuziselo esizayo lapho izinto zihamba kanjani, indawo akumnandi kakhulu umfanekiso Gibson. Sphere ithonya ihlukaniswe phakathi kwabanikazi mega-corporations, okuyinto kuhlobene ubutha okuqhubekayo. Central phakathi wonke amazwe kuleli zwe elisha kuthatha Japan, nakuba umbhali yena kuwo ngaleso sikhathi akwenzekanga. Yena extrapolated ezingokoqobo American e imihlobiso empumalanga futhi waphenduka Chiba campus, isibonelo. Abaningi ulwazi Japan Uilyam Gibson asifunda kokuxhumana nezivakashi.

edwengula off amalebula

Kusukela ngepeni bakhe beza eziningi eqanjiwe. Lena amanoveli ezifana "Ukukhanya Virtual", "Idoru", "Spook Country", "Umahluko umshini." William Gibson wabhala eyodwa, futhi ngokubambisana, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi banamathela isitayela nekuchazwa. Nakuba kusukela "umsunguli cyberpunk" ilebula yena enqaba ngokuqinile, ngoba ukholelwa ukuthi kuyingozi lokusungula. Lapho umuntu lihlotshaniswa uhlobo oluthile eyodwa kuphela, it is ebezingathuntubeza zisashisa ngokugcwele njengoba umlobi. Futhi umfundi ojwayele ukubona Thixo yabo kuphela ungenza okufanayo, futhi enqaba ukwamukela noma yini enye.

Ngokwesibonelo, play uWilliam Gibson, zazo ezimbalwa Ngizwile. Abazi ngisho ukusho ku-website esemthethweni umbhali, ngoba akekho bangacabanga ukuthi umlobi wesayensi-eqanjiwe uzochitha isikhathi sabo phezu imisebenzi okukhulu, uma ungakwazi ukubhala omunye indaba ethakazelisayo ngokuphila kwabantu.

Futhi lithathelwe ifilimu indondo

William Gibson waklonyeliswa "UHugo" futhi "Nebula", futhi wathola umklomelo yaqanjwa Philip K. Dick ngo-1995. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngisho igebe encane, hamba amafilimu amabili ngokusekelwe izindaba hero indaba yethu, "Johnny ngekhanda" nge Kianu Rivzom e indima isihloko futhi "Ihhotela" okusha Rose "."

Kodwa into eyinhloko namanje inoveli "Neuromancer". William Gibson kwammangaza isithakazelo kule nkathi umsebenzi wakhe, ngoba izindaba ezimbalwa kakade sekunyatheliswe, ngeminako okusheshayo akuzange kumenze. Yiqiniso, abafundi abangu kancane kusimangaze simo esingavamile, kodwa-ke, in the Eighties sekwephuzile - nineties zakuqala, lapho ukholo amathuba okungenamkhawulo umuntu oye athumba elalisafufusa abasakhulayo ku-intanethi, kubalulekile nje endleleni. Intsha dream yokuba kubaduni, kwakubonakala kubo ukuthi ukuqonda butholakala enqubweni eyinkimbinkimbi World Wide Web, ukwambula le mfihlo ikhodi bese ubhala izinhlelo - kuyisimo mnandi futhi engavamile. Khona-ke, eqinisweni, kwaba isikhathi esifanele lolu hlobo izincwadi.

Manje isithakazelo kuyo seyizolile kancane. Izingane savvy xaxa mayelana amathuba kobuchwepheshe besimanje, zinzima ukwedlula ukumangala ngempela. Ngakho-ke i-fantasy kunothile izinhlamvu ezimibalabala, a Ukukhetha enkulu yezinhlanga ukuze ivumelane zonke ukunambitheka nombala, kanye omlingo is kuyanda futhi. Ke isizukulwane esisha esifuna ukuba ubalekele lokhu ngokoqobo ngazo zonke izindlela atholakalayo. Futhi zincwadi azizimbi ngokwedlulele futhi mhlawumbe kangcono kakhulu.

Mhlawumbe, ukuze unamathisele izilaleli mass kuya cyberpunk futhi, sidinga intuthuko sina lobuchwepheshe ezokwenza amehlo umphakathi futhi ngeke zenqane okuqukethwe izincwadi Gibson sika.