Transnistria iyoba yingxenye Russia noma cha?

Izigigaba ezisanda kwenzeka emhlabeni eCrimea, okuyinto, kuye wakho umbono, ubizwa ngokuthi "wadla", lo "kokuhlanganiswa", ephakanyiswe amathemba isixazululo ngokushesha izinkinga lesifunda okuyizinto isimo eqandisiwe amashumi eminyaka. izenzo Kwegazi futhi fast kakhulu yempi Russian enhlonhlweni okubangelwa silindele ngentokozo ngoba ingxenye enkulu labantu republic engaziwa elise phakathi eMoldova nase-Ukraine. Ithemba ukuthi maduze Pridnestrovie iyoba yingxenye Russia, ayebonakala cishe lifezekile.

ukweqisa baseMoldova

Ngo-1992, isipiliyoni sixazulula izingxabano ngamazwe ibingeyinhle. Usanda kuqalile impi e Chechnya, Nagorno-Karabakh kwakubonakala okungokuthile okungaphezu, izenzakalo Sumgait banikezwe umkhiqizo abanye sengqondo ekhethekile Eshiya-exotic, futhi eYugoslavia ingakamiswa ngamabhomu ngu NATO amasosha.

Ngo-ecstasy ozuza sovereignty of abaholi baseMoldova "Popular Front" wangazinaka ukuthambekela ukukwata izakhamizi bakha ingxenye enkulu yabamemezeli insimu yalo. Agasti 1989 kwaphawulwa ekujabuleleni isizwe wendawo owayengesabi ukuba won the Supreme Soviet of the MSSR ngokunqoba ezinkulu: ukuvunyelwa ulimi baseMoldova njengoba isimo (kuphela) nokuqeda izenzo Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact atheleka. Omunye wawuthi kwathatha zamagama Latin, egcizelela seluvele ligcwele "izihambi". Lokho abacindezelwe nezinye izilimi ukuthi baye bajabulela ngempumelelo kuze kube manje labantu, ukunakwa ngandlela-thile phakathi mpikiswano ephalamende abakhokhelwa.

Inhlolovo wokuqala

Ingena Transdniestria eRussia awuzange kuhlelwe ngesikhathi akusiyo ngisho iphupho lalinamandla eqanjiwe zezombusazwe. Ukuze ngilalele hhayi esifundeni, ukudala u-40% womkhiqizo okhandwe yiNingizimu lizwe ngo-1990 Tiraspol ubuholi aphethwe inhlolovo lapho u-79% abavoti ayenganelisekile nomgomo ukukhathazeka kazwelonke ePhalamende. I Pridnestrovian iMoldavian Soviet Socialist Republic waba Eqinisweni, kodwa secede kwesinye esasivela eMoldova awazange kuxoxwa. Cishe 96% Pridnestrovians nje wafuna ukuqiniseka ukuthi amalungelo abo kuyoqinisekiswa, uma kungekhona ukuthi Chisinau olusemthethweni ke, okungenani, uhulumeni PMSSR. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakukhona inkulumo uyaphikelela asize ngokuhlanganisa oluzayo Romania, futhi abantu esifundeni ufuna ukunikeza ngokwakho ilungelo ukhethe ezweni abahlala kulo okwakungaba babefuna ukuphila.

enye inhlolovo

Kusukela umbono we kwezomthetho, kwachitheka iSoviet Union ubephelezelwa ukwephulwa eziningi yomthetho wezizwe ngezizwe kanye Soviet, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi awazange asinakekele zamuntu. Wamemezela ubukhosi, futhi uma ilanga republic ngokuzumayo inyunyana sewenze ifulege lesizwe, futhi zamaphini waqala ukucula ingoma entsha, icala labe impumelelo kubhekwe. Ngakho kwaba eMoldova, hhayi kuphela lapho. Iphalamende Gagauzia wenza okufanayo, kodwa kubangelwa ukukhokhiswa osheshayo separatism futhi izibhelu ngenkathi ngokudlula "negazi elincane." Ukuze ubunye ezweni zaba amavolontiya ku angaphandle ukuziphatha-ngokuthi "amavolontiya" kusuka ngaphakathi eMoldova nase Romania.

June 1990. amasekela baseMoldova ibhange kwesokunxele futhi bavote Bender ukuze kulondolozwe i-USSR. Ngemva 1991 Icebo lika , phezu ezivulekile ayengaphansi kweSoviet Union kukhona ncamashi 15 uthi eNgophezukonke. In autumn PMSSR iba TMR (Transnistrian baseMoldova Republic), ukuthi bahlukene ezweni Moldova. It wavotelwa u-98% 78% sabantu enamandla.

indaba

Izizathu zokuthi kungani abaningi esikhathini esizayo ubona Transnistria njengoba ingxenye yeRussia, lapho naniyingcosana, futhi bobabili zomlando zomthetho ngokwemvelo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu kubo lokuthi Supreme oPhethe MSSR, wanquma ukuba bahoxe USSR, ukhansele idokhumenti esisemthethweni kuphela, owawuthi wangaphambili eyayiyingxenye yoMbuso Russian bekuyingxenye Moldova. Ngokusemthethweni Transnistria ngisho ngesikhathi bevinjezelwe Romanian ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili awuzange kubhekwe insimu zasebukhosini:-ke, kanye Odessa indawo nezinye umhlaba Ukrainian South ngokuthi Transnistria. I okuwukuphela kwesisekelo Tiraspol, Bender futhi Gagauzia baba baseMoldova, ngokuzithandela kukhanselwe ngesikhathi ubukhosi isimemezelo.

Inhlolovo owawuse futhi, imiphumela yabonisa zokungazimiseli ephelele sabantu ukungena Republic of eMoldova futhi isifiso sokuba ngokuzimela ukunquma ikusasa lakhe. Kodwa ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi Transnistria ucela eRussia? Mhlawumbe izakhamuzi zayo futhi kangaka emihle?

impi

I zinqobe ngo-1992 kuyinto frighteningly okusikhumbuza ukusebenza zamanje anti-amaphekula yebutho Ukraine. Nokho, kukhona umehluko. Moldova - iyizwe elincane, mancane kakhulu kunalawo Ukraine, futhi kaningi kangaka kwaba nezigameko lapho imisele ngokuxhamazela ngemba matasa isikhundla omakhelwane wangaphambili, abangane ngisho nezihlobo, wazithola izitha. Inani labantu base-Tiraspol, Bender futhi amadolobhana aseduze, ngenxa yezizathu zomlando, abantu abavela ezizweni ezihlukahlukene, ejwayele ukuhlala ndawonye, kodwa lapho uMongameli M. Snegur anquma "ukuxazulula" izingxabano ngenkani, ukuze aye ahlele masinyane Guards. Isikhali kwakungeyona inkinga, kube eseke kokubili amaqembu alwayo ne wavuma evikelwe esigabeni sokuqala ukungqubuzana kwezinhloso emafektri 14 Russian Army. Konke kwaba njengoba kunjalo manje, futhi ukumangalelwa eMoscow, futhi izisebenzi zokuzithandela nhlangothi zombili front line, futhi adubule phansi indiza, futhi lezakhamuzi ezafa. Kubonakala sengathi umlando, ngisho yamuva, akekho lifundisa lutho ...

Ngo-2006, omunye inhlolovo owawuse. Iningi izakhamuzi Pmr (96.7%) esesho ukuthi wethemba ukuthi Pridnestrovie iyoba yingxenye Russia ...

Uphiko kwezomnotho mayelana nodaba

Ngokuvamile, ngemva eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amabili izinkomba Transnistrian macroeconomic ayibukeki sibi kakhulu kunalokho okuboniswa baseMoldova. Ukuze umphakathi libhekene nokungabi khona kwanoma yiliphi kwaphinde kwaba nokungezwani kwezigodi inter-yobuhlanga, okuyinto Yiqiniso, ukusebenza ngempumelelo jikelele, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu cishe amandla oludlulele, okuyinto Russia uyabanikeza republic engaziwa (onecala, kepha ngaphandle ithemba lokuthi bangaphinde babuye). Kunezinkinga futhi axhunyiwe, njengoba cishe kuwo wonke amazwe post-Soviet, ukulahlekelwa bendabuko yokuthengisa izimakethe. Akungabazeki ukuthi Transnistria njengoba ingxenye yeRussia engamtholi niche - kukhona izitshalo, futhi umkhakha ukukhanya, ukuthunga, nezolimo bachuma iminyaka zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Kodwa kunezithiyo Esimeni esinjalo.

izithiyo

Isici esiyinhloko ukuthi inquma impendulo yombuzo ophathelene nokuthi Transnistria faka ingxenye yeRussia noma cha, itholakala lokuthi ukuthi isimo esikhona de empeleni waba, de jure akuyona kumephu sezwe sezombangazwe. Ngokungafani Abkhazia naseNingizimu-Ossetia, izwe Namanje hhayi obonwa yimiphi amalungu emphakathini international, kuhlanganise WaseRussia. Kukhona isizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi lesi senzo, uma kuthatha indawo, kuzoholela unswinyo entsha futhi emangalelwa ufeza Inqubomgomo nolaka.

Okusemqoka isikhundla insimu ngokuma kwezwe. Njengoba isimo sezombusazwe e-Ukraine uhlala nobutha futhi akuqinisekile, abanye-ke kungenziwa bazitshela ukuthi uma kwenzeka ukuthi Transnistria iyoba yingxenye Russia, isihloko umfelandawonye kuzoba ukuvinjelwa ngokugcwele noma kancane omakhelwane bayo. Ayikwazi ukuthola indlela ukuphendula le kungenzeka into eyaba abanamusa kwesinye esasivela eMoldova nase-Ukraine, i-Kremlin kudzingeka batsatse sinyatselo lesinjalo akavumanga.

Umnotho isiRashiya, naphezu degree kuqhathaniswa okusezingeni eliphezulu yokuzibusa ngaphandle kwamanye amazwe, njenganoma iyiphi enye, kubhekene inhlekelele yembulunga yonke. Umsebenzi uhulumeni nzima: ukugcina nomgomo ozuzwe ezinkulu zokuphila (noma kangcono ngisho - ukwandisa kubo) e ingcindezi enkulu ku-isabelomali, kuhambisana ukwanda kwemali kahulumeni. Ukushayela eCrimea futhi zibiza ezingeni zonke isiRashiya isamba esikhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele acabangele izithakazelo zabanye zomhlaba ezinkulu 'abadlali' geopolitical. Ukwenyuka kwesibalo e-Europe, ngisho ukudalwa ukungezwani pre-impi, futhi ikakhulukazi ezingeni lempi izodlala ezandleni abahlinzeki bezikhali hydrocarbon, futhi indlela ezibizayo, esimweni bendabuko supply ngamaketanga uzovimbelwa. Lezi izimo azisivumeli ukuba nethemba lokuthi Pridnestrovie iyoba yingxenye Russia esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.

Yini okulandelayo?

Phakathi khona kweSoviet Union (nasesikhathini ezikude nezikhathi zomlando) cishe zonke republic ayo ziye zasungula izikhungo ezithile kwamasiko kanye nezomnotho, omkhulu obusa abakhuluma isi-Russian noma zinhlanga Russian. Lokhu eningizimu-mpumalanga Ukraine, ezindaweni yezimboni Kazakhstan nezinye izifunda eziningi, lapho kubusa amaSoviet wathumela Ochwepheshe ukuthi siphakamise yonke imikhakha yezomnotho noma isakhiwo kazwelonke kwakhiwa emakhulwini. Ukuhlakanipha kobuholi uthi ayesanda kuthola inkululeko kungaba liyokwahlulelwa ke unendaba nokuthi abantu, ngezinye izikhathi impilo yabo yonke ukuchitha eqinisa umnotho, ngokwethembeka ukufeza umsebenzi wabo futhi baphumelele eside kuyo. Nokumemeza efanayo mayelana ipotimende ezidumile esiteshini abonisa ukungabikho ukufaneleka hhayi kuphela elula abantu, kodwa futhi pragmatism evamile. Ngeshwa-ke, ohulumeni iphutha eliphuphuthekiswe umqondo oweqisayo wokuba nomthwalo sibe nokuziqhenya ngobuzwe baso, siphindiwe. Ekugcineni, ubuqotho ezweni kusongelwa. Isiphetho izingcezwana lamahlubuka babe "imikhiqizo sesigaba sesibili" izwe elikhulu esikhathini esifushane Kunzima ukuqagela. Abaningi babo empeleni wenza okukhethayo, lonke - kuyindaba isikhathi. Mhlawumbe kuyofika isikhathi lapho intando Transnistria njengoba ingxenye yeRussia. 2014 Unyaka akunakwenzeka ukuba kube yilolu suku.