Ubuntu bukaTsar Peter Omkhulu bwakhiwa kanjani? Ubuntwana bukaPeter the Great kanye nomngane wakhe

Emlandweni wesifunda saseRashiya kwakukhona ababusi abaningi abahlukene: izikhulu eziphezulu, izikhali ezinhle kanye nezikhulu ezihlakaniphile. Kodwa eyodwa kuphela yahlanganisa zonke lezi zimfanelo - uPeter Omkhulu. Wayebizwa ngokuthi i-genius reformer, i-madman, i-hooligan nomphik'ukristu. Ubuntu bukaTartu uPetru bwakhiwa kanjani, yiziphi izici ezithonya?

I-Czar engavamile

UPetr Alekseevich Romanov wayehluke kakhulu kubandu bakhe. Ngokungangabazeki, kwakukhona ukuxhumana okujulile phakathi kwabo. Kodwa bonke ababusi baseRussia babeyizinkosi ezazivikela ngokweqile umnotho wezwe futhi zasebenzisa ezinye izandla zabantu ukuze zisebenze. Futhi indodana ka-Alexei Mikhailovich yayiyinkosi esebenzayo ngendlela engathí sina yegama. Iziprofetho eziyishumi nane, eziphethwe yiTsar Peter Omkhulu - lokhu akuyona inganekwane, kodwa iqiniso.

Uhlamvu lomlawuli wokuqala waseRussia

UPeter the First wayenesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi nesiphikisanayo. Wathola ifa elibi, ukukhathazeka okungaqondakali kanye nemicabango emihle ngokusebenzisa umthamo womama. Lapho esemncane, wayengumfana ohlakaniphile futhi omuhle, ohluke kakhulu nombusi-mbusi wakhe, umfowethu u-Ivan.

Izici eziyinhloko zesimo sikaPetru kwakunomusa, impetuosity, impression and ukungathembeki. Lapho engakwazi ukuchaza okuthile ngokuhlakanipha, wawela kalula ekufutheni. Kuleli zwe, wayevame ukuxubha emgqeni. Ngendlela, inkosi yahamba ngokushesha futhi emaminithini ambalwa yayingathethelela onecala. Kodwa ukulula kwayo kwakukhohlisayo. UPeter the First wamcela ukuthi amkhulume ngaphandle kwesihloko, kodwa uma kungenjalo ukulalela lo musho wawushesha futhi unonya.

Ubuntu bukaTsar Peter Omkhulu bwakhiwa kanjani? Kungani ayehluke kakhulu kubo bonke ababusi baseRussia? Impendulo kumele ifunwe eminyakeni yokuqala kakhulu yesikhulu esincane.

Ubuntwana bukaPetru Omkhulu

Ayaziwa ukuthi i-emperesi yokuqala yaseRussia yazalwa kuphi. Izindawo eziningana zokuthi zizohlala zibizwa, kodwa abacwaningi abanalo idatha eqondile.

Ukuzama ukuqonda ukuthi ubuntu bukaTsar Peter Omkhulu bwakhiwa kanjani, umuntu kufanele aqale kubazali bakhe - labo ababenethonya eliqondile kuye kusukela ekuzalweni kwakhe.

Eminyakeni engama-4 walahlekelwa nguyise, owayemthanda kakhulu. U-Alexei Mikhailovich, enikeza indodana yakhe amasosha okudlala amathoyizi nezibhamu, wakhulelwa umntwana ukuthi unesithakazelo sokuqala kwezikhali kanye nezempi. Ngokusho kobufakazi bezinsuku zakwaTsar, esemncane wayengeke abe nesithakazelo kunoma yiziphi ezinye amathoyizi nokuzijabulisa, ngaphandle kwezempi.

Baba, ufisa ukunikeza indodana encane ukuqeqeshwa okusemthethweni kwezempi, eyabelwa uColonel Menezius njengomqeqeshi wezempi. Ngakho-ke uPetru Omkhulu waqala ukutadisha izindaba ezempi ngaphambi kokufunda nokubhala. Kwakukhona indlalifa encane ngaleso sikhathi engama-4 ubudala. Ukuqaphela le ncwadi kwaqala ngaye lapho eneminyaka emihlanu.

Ukuqeqeshwa ezincwadini zesonto ukuba umntwana aphile futhi aphumule kwakuwukuhlukunyezwa kwangempela, ngakho uNicita Zotov, uthisha wenkosi encane, wamfundisa nasezincwadini ezithandwayo "ezihlekisayo" nezithombe. Umqeqeshi kaPetru wakhathalela kakhulu ukutadisha umlando wezempi waseRussia, ekhuluma ngokuxhaphazwa kuka-Alexander Nevsky, iNkosana Vladimir no- Ivan the Terrible.

Kwaze kwaphela iminyaka eyishumi isikhulu sithulile futhi singakhathazeki sasihlala nonina eduze neMoscow, edolobhaneni lase-Preobrazhensky. Lapha, kuye, kunamandla okwakhiwa ngamanoni, lapho yena, nebutho lakhe "elihlambalaza," eliqashelwa ovela ontanga, lingene ezindabeni zezempi, lidlala ekuthunjweni kwenqabeni.

Ubuntwana bukaPetru Omkhulu bekungenasici. Ukuvukelwa kukaStletsky ngo-1682, okwakubonwa nguPetru osemncane, akuzange kusize ukushiya uphawu emqondweni wengane yengane, okwenza kube khona ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa yombusi wamasasa. Ngenxa yalokhu, ubuso benkosi babuhlanekezela ukuxubana ngesikhathi sokujabula okukhulu.

Emva kokubusa kukadadewabo kaSophia, waphinde wathunyelwa ku-Preobrazhenskoye. UZotova ususwe kuye, kanti indlalifa encane yashiywa yedwa. Enye indlela engafanele yokuphila yayiyoyiphutha, kodwa ukuziphatha kukaPetru okubalulekile futhi okusebenzayo akuzange kumvumele ukuba abulale isifiso nesifiso sokufunda izinto ezintsha. Yena ngokwakhe kamuva wathi akanakho ulwazi, hhayi wathola ebuntwaneni.

UTar Peter Alekseevich wafunda waze wafa. Lapho eneminyaka engu-14 ubudala, wafunda nge-astrolabe futhi wayala ukuba amlethe esuka eFrance. Khona-ke wathola umuntu waseDutch owayekwazi ukuchaza ngokujwayelekile indlela yokusingatha idivayisi. Le nsizwa enethalente yayanele ukuziqonda ngokwengeziwe. Ngakho kwakuhlale njalo. Lapho ebona noma efunda okuthile engaziwa, inkosi yavele yaxosha umqondo wokutadisha icala elisha futhi ayizange ihlale phansi kuze kube yilapho eqala ukukhuluma naye. Ngakho, ebona ibhodlela elishiyekile, wafunda ukugibela kuyo futhi wafaka ngisho nesakhiwo sakhe somkhumbi.

Ezokuzungezile

Ubuntu bukaTsar Peter Alekseevich bwakhiwa kanjani? Lo mbuzo uthakazelisa kakhulu, unikezwe ukuthi uhlukile kangakanani kubangaphambi kwawo. Imvelo yendlalifa eyindlalifa yaba nomthelela omkhulu ekufundiseni lezo zimfanelo ezazivela kuPetru Omkhulu. Wayenenhlanhla - ubaba wakhe wokuqala, futhi emva kokufa kwakhe, umfowabo omdala uFedor waqaphela kakhulu ukukhuliswa nokuqeqeshwa kwendlalifa esihlalweni sobukhosi. Othisha, uMenezius, futhi kamuva uNikita Moiseevich Zotov, onamathele kuPetru, wafaka kuye isifiso sokwazi nolwazi olugcinwe kuyo yonke into entsha.

Abangane nabantu ababeseduze ne-tsar kwakunguFranz Yakovlevich Lefort, u-Alexander Danilovich Menshikov, uPavel Yaguzhinsky, uJacob Bruce.

Umbusi wokuqala waseRussia - uguquguquli ohlakaniphile noma u-tyrant?

Ukuhlula ubuntu bukaPeter Omkhulu kunzima. Kuwo, izici ezihlukile zomlingiswa zazihlangene kakhulu. Ukuphambuka, ukuhlukumezeka, ukuqinisekiswa kwahlanganiswa nokuzikhandla, ukulangazela, ukulangazelela okungenakuqhathaniswa kokuphila, isimo esijabulisayo. Ukungafani nobuntu bukaPeter Alekseevich kwakungenxa yokuthi wayenesifiso esinamandla sokwazi nokusebenza kahle, ngosizo ayezama ngalo ukuguqula iRussia, eyayibuyela emuva kuzo zonke izici, futhi yenza ibe namandla amakhulu.