Udokotela Inhlupheko imaski yezandla zabo. Kanjani kute wente imaskhi udokotela isifo?

Inhlupheko - nobulwelwe ukuthi kwabulala izigidi zabantu Ephakathi washiya uphawu ukuqhubeka impucuko, ikakhulukazi e-Europe.

Swine kukhona abathwali izilwane ezincane ezifana amagundane kanye woodchucks. Ngisho kwamanje ukuhlangabezana ngezikhathi nokuqubuka, ikakhulukazi emiphakathini empofu, kudlangile nge kahle kwendle kanye nenala amagundane.

Ngenhlanhla, manje uphethwe okusheshayo kanye nokwelashwa isifo kukhethwe kahle ziphathwe nemiphumela esincane noma abangenaso nhlobo batholwa bengenalo ngabanye.

Kuvele uphawu ongenakucimeka wokulingwa emlandweni wesintu

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala isifo izinsuku bhubhane emuva eminyakeni 551-580, futhi ubizwa ngokuthi 'uJustinian isifo'. Egypt lagxila okuvela, ngemva kwalokho isifo sandile cishe umhlaba wonke eziphucuzekile sikhathi. Abantu abashonile abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-100.

Nokho, lapho ukhuluma ngani isifo, avame engqondweni ubhubhane enzima ngekhulu le-14. I-Black Death, kuqoshwe kusuka China, wabhubhisa wesithathu labantu baseYurophu.

Phakathi nale nkathi, futhi kwakukhona umsebenzi onjalo, njengoba udokotela Yisifo. Lokhu udokotela, anomsebenzi kwaba ekwelapheni iziguli ezinegciwane isifo. Ukuze itheleleke, odokotela egqoka isudi ekhethekile zokuzivikela, isithombe MHLAWUMBE ujwayelene kwabaningi.

Okokuqala, suit liyaziwa buso nge 'uqhwaku', okuyinto, by the way, kamuva baba nendima ebalulekile esikweni European. Yaqala ikhophi amahlaya Italian Yenguquko, futhi kwaba sibonelo ka buso Venetian.

Medicine e ngenkathi ephakathi

Yiqiniso, umuthi ngenkathi ephakathi eYurophu kwaba usesimweni esibi kakhulu futhi ngingenaso ukwelashwa ezanele ngisho elula izifo, yingakho abantu abafa ngenxa yesono laliphezulu kakhulu, futhi kuso sonke isikhathi sincane kakhulu. yonke impumelelo okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma, odokotela baye lilitshalwe nezwe zaqala ukucwila futhi kubhubhane futhi ubhadane lwezifo.

Ngenxa nezindlela zokwelapha ezisolekayo nangesimo sengqondo ayizwakali zabantu kudokotela kwaba edidayo. Nokho, njengoba kusondela isifo kwakungasekho okunye ngempela.

Udokotela inhlupho yokuqala

UPapa Clement 6, owokuqala ukwethula sikhundla, njengoba udokotela Yisifo. Odokotela baqala ukufuna ikhambi lalesi sifo, futhi cishe, bathola ezinye izindlela ababuthaka noma ayekwazi ukubonisa inqubekelaphambili ebonakalayo. Ngakho-ke lo msebenzi ngokushesha kwaduma kakhulu futhi ikhokhelwe kakhulu.

Ngakho, ngokusekelwe amarekhodi, udokotela iholo isifo izikhathi 4 iholo udokotela ojwayelekile.

Ukwelashwa main abangu sophe ukufa abamnyama, cauterization noma ukunqunywa okwenziwa kwesifo sezimbilapho okunamathiselwe Toads, amaxoxo kanye ibingakazeki lokho kumasayithi itheleleke. Antiseptics kwakungafanele ngalezo zinsuku.

isudi

udokotela Inhlupheko imvunulo yaba sesimweni ekuso manje, uvele 1619, futhi yasungulwa udokotela wakhe odabuka French kodwa Charles Lom. Izingubo ezenziwe lesikhumba, zifana nezindlu i zempi. Lalihlanganisa:

• imaski '' uqhwaku '';
• eside, emaqakaleni ingubo;
• amabhulukwe tight;
• amagilavu;
• izicathulo;
• isigqoko.

Kube ubuchwepheshe ekhethekile ukuze afeze ngokugcwele udokotela umsebenzi inhlupho zayo buso. Izandla zakhe ekudaleni imaski kwaba singenakwenzeka kunjalo, lokhu kwenziwe ngabantu abaqeqeshiwe.

nge buso uqhwaku

Ukuzifihla nge umlomo wenyoni, kukholakala, imibono yabo kufanele okwesabisa sifo. Nokho, kwaba ukulayisha obusebenzayo ngaphezulu, okungukuthi ivikela udokotela kusukela ukunuka wanqoba emhlabeni, okuyinto leaked futhi odokotela isimiso. Ngesikhathi ithiphu Uqhwaku ibekwe amakhambi akhethekile ne iphunga oqinile. Uqhwaku kwadingeka nomphumela ophambene, ngoba udokotela njalo baba imilutha ye garlic, imaski ukuvikela abanye kusukela garlic iphunga.

Amakhala nezindlebe zafakwa uboya imphepho. Futhi, imaskhi waba faka ingilazi ukuthi ukuvikela amehlo.

Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo: the imihlola abadumile zikaNostradamus futhi wasebenza udokotela isifo.

udokotela isifo imvunulo esikhathini sethu

udokotela Inhlupheko imvunulo ethandwa liyabonakala kulezizinsuku. Ngakho, ngo-amaqembu amaningi imvunulo noma amaholide afana Halloween isithombe udokotela medieval uyobheka ewusizo kakhulu. Ingasaphathwa imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ezigcawugcawu.

Yingakho imaskhi udokotela isifo, enziwe ngezandla zakhe, kuyoba usizo kakhulu esikhathini esizayo imisebenzi ukuvunwa. Kwenze kungenzeka ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene futhi ngokuvamile, kulula futhi Akudingi amakhono athile. Zikhona izindlela eziningi ngawo nizitholele udokotela imaski isifo umxhwele kakhulu.

izandla zakhe enze iphethini amaphutha, ukukhetha ukuma ofiselekayo Uqhwaku. Zonke imaski kumele kube ngokulingana. Ungenzi Uqhwaku lide kakhulu noma obukhulu.

Isivuvu lephepha

Ngokwesibonelo, isifo udokotela imaski ngezandla zakhe aphume ngephepha aphansi. Vele uthathe A3-usayizi wephepha noma A4 iphepha 2. Ngokulandelayo, usike ezimbili neengcezu of buso nge uqhwaku eside, ingxenye okuqondile ohlangothini. Konke lokhu glue ne Yesigcilikisha tape.

Namatsisela a enjoloba band mncane ukuba imaskhi zingabekwa. Uma wayefisa, ukupenda ke emnyama noma yimuphi omunye umbala.

Ukwenza imaskhi udokotela isifo eyenziwe papier-Mache

udokotela Inhlupheko buso, ezandleni papier-Mache ezenziwe, kuyoba baqaphe kakhulu futhi ubhekane namaqiniso okungaphezu nje ephepheni.

Uzodinga:

• Ummese obukhali;
• polystyrene;
• iphepha imaski samuntu kwangaphambili;
• glue;
• toilet paper;
• iphephandaba.

Ngakho, thatha amabhlogo amabili polystyrene, ububanzi mayelana 7 amasentimitha ngamunye. Okokuqala, kudingeka isakhiwo efanele. Asiphumele emabhuloki ezinye imaski usesimweni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, mane nje ukudweba version iphepha ku polystyrene. Ngemva kwalokho, kusetshenziswa ummese ukusingatha iyunithi ngayinye, ebanikeza ukubonakala neengcezu imaskhi.

Namatsisela halves ezimbili nge glue. Silindele kwamaminithi ambalwa kuze uDries buso. Bese angabekwa ebusweni ukuze lube kuqhathaniswa bushelelezi.

Manje sithatha PVA glue buhlanjululwe ngamanzi endaweni isilinganiso 4: 1. Hlanganisa kahle ibhulashi. Ukugoqa ucwecwe uvalwe sakhiwo. Kulungile uma pomnetsya. Okulandelayo, thatha isiqeshana toilet paper lisetshenzisiwe ucwecwe yaphahlekwa isixazululo yayo ingcina. Ngakho namathisela phezu kwawo wonke buso.

Okulandelayo, sidinga i-iphephandaba elidala ezingadingekile, okungase ukugqekeza izingcezu ezincane. Lezi zingxenye nokunamathisela buso. Senza 5-6 zamatshe iphephandaba. Siyaligodla lo mklamo ngokuthi ukunike olunye usuku ukuze ome.

Ngosuku olulandelayo, kubalulekile ukuba unqamule imaskhi sakhiwo. Lokhu kungaba kancane ukuba ngixhumane ngayo zokubhala ummese. Lapho imaskhi inqanyuliwe, susa ucwecwe.

Manje kubalulekile usike imigodi amehlo, khona-ke engase aklonyeliswe nge round lithatha isikhwama sezibuko ozimele. Nobuhle ukupenda imaskhi gouache. Sebenzisa kuphela i-esiphansi amanzi ukuze singathwesi cwilisa ukwakhiwa. gum Glue.

udokotela Inhlupheko buso, adalwe ngezandla zabo, usulungile.

Kanjani kute wente imaskhi zesikhumba?

Ngakho siye nezinto lapho buso yasekuqaleni enziwa odokotela. Lokhu kuyoba imaskhi udokotela isifo, ezandleni eyenziwe lesikhumba. Qhubeka.

1. Udinga iphepha isisekelo. Sika iphepha ku izakhi ngabanye imaskhi.
2. Ukusebenzisa okuholela iphethini, ezifana sika lesikhumba ucezu.
3. Thunga amabili hlangana neengcezu Uqhwaku.
4. Manje unamathisele Uqhwaku nengxenye eyinhloko imaskhi.
5. Okulandelayo udinga ukunamathisela ohlangothini imaskhi.
6. Lapho inhlaka seyomile, thunga ngokucophelela izinto izikhwepha nobuhle.
7. Uma ufuna ukunikeza imaskhi umbala ufuna, ingabe kufanele yenziwe yini kulesi sigaba, usebenzisa udayi lesikhumba.
8. Esigabeni esilandelayo pridelyvanie nge izipikili, ingcina noma ngentambo ibhande.
9. Futhi touch final - ukuhlobisa izimbobo iso. Ngokwesibonelo, nge ohlangothini Ubuso ofeleba amabhodlela.

Zonke udokotela isifo buso, adalwe ngezandla zabo, usulungile. Kalula futhi ngokushesha. Manje akukho lwegciwane isifo awesabi futhi ngokuphepha kungenziwa lokubekezelela ubunzima. It uhlala kuphela ayothatha ingubo, lesikhumba ibhulukwe futhi amabhuzu kanye amagilavu.

Ungesabi ukuba ulinge izindlela ezihlukahlukene ukuze uthole udokotela imaski isifo i ozwakalayo kakhulu. Izandla zakhe indlela yokukwenza isakhiwo, usuwazi.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, ibhulukwe kanye elingenamikhono isifo udokotela ukuba afuthwe ngesibulali-wax noma amafutha. Kukholakala ukuthi zivikela isifo. Kunoma ikuphi, le namazeze ukuba impregnation enjalo akathandanga futhi uhlale kude abalwa isifo. Mhlawumbe yilokhu wasindisa odokotela.

Uhlobo suit u buhambisane induku odokotela abamhlaba buboes, basilahla emuva sezidumbu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi bavikelekile izakhamizi nolaka izindawo enobuthi.

By endleleni, in the original ingilazi buso zamehlo kwakufanele obomvu, cishe, abantu babekholelwa ukuthi elibomvu okwesabisa isifo, kanye umlomo wenyoni senyoni. Akucaci ukuthi ngabe Odokotela babecabanga ukuthi ukutheleleka idluliswe izinyoni noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, yenkukhu isifo uvalo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, futhi imaskhi kwakuyikho impela lolu hlobo ukuthi bunohlamvu ikakhulukazi ethile eyimfihlakalo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvela a elinye iqiniso: isifo ukubekezelela amakati kaningi ukuvimbela abazalwane onoboya ezincane nje ashisiwe, kanye izidumbu kanye nezindlu.

On ibhande odokotela kwadingeka kweqembu garlic. Kusobala ukuthi odokotela bangase babe ngokukhethekile amadoda, ngoba abesifazane e Christian Europe wayengenamalungelo ekhethekile.

Ngakho siqonda indlela kungenziwa ukwenza isihloko ngale ndlela engavamile like imaskhi udokotela isifo, ngezandla zakhe. Zabesilisa isifo imaski kancane kwesama kuncike esifundeni lapho udokotela wasebenza. zindlela Ngakho esiqinile ngoba yokukhiqiza akukho.