Uhlaka - Iyini? Uhlaka ukukhweza

Ngesikhathi Uzimele wocingo skeleton esekelwe noma isiphi isakhiwo, noma kungaba luhlobo zezimboni, cottage oyimfihlo noma isandiso elincane endlini. Enye into ukuthi kukhona ubuchwepheshe ezahlukene kokusebenza kwalo ukusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi, tesakhiwo kanye nokusebenza. Ngo isethulo bendabuko kohlaka - iqoqo izindonga lahlela kahle, ophahleni kanye phansi. Nokho, nabaqambi azi kahle ukuthi kukhona izakhi eziningi yesibili kanye nomklamo, umsebenzi okuyinto ethatha isikhathi nomzamo owengeziwe.

Uyini nohlaka?

Isidumbu ingashiwo sebuningini amalungu isakhi isakhiwo noma izakhiwo, letitawuba yincenye yetintfo isakhiwo yenethiwekhi. Lokho kuyinto base amandla lapho ugcine zonke ezinye izinto lobuchwepheshe, ubunjiniyela kanye zokuhlobisa. uhlu Traditional kwakhiwa kusukela lapho Uhlaka, kuhlanganisa odongeni sekushiwo ophahleni futhi phansi, kodwa kuyoba ifomula lula. Iqiniso liwukuthi lezi zingxenye ngamunye njengokuyigugu, ngisho nasezigabeni elula yephrojekthi kuyinto izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi kwesakhiwo ezakha skeleton yendlu.

Singasho, skeleton - database olwakhiwe ukuthi kuhlanganisa amazinga eziningana umthwalo esindayo futhi izakhi zokuzivikela. Ngokwesibonelo, ezingeni lokuqala kuyoba udonga oluze, isisekelo ngaphandle uthayi futhi truss imishayo. Okulandelayo izolandela izindonga kakade ngci, enamathela ukhonkolo obeka isisekelo futhi eyinhloko impahla ukufulela. Manje kubalulekile ngijwayele umqondo ezahlukene indlu Uhlaka, ogxile ukwakhiwa Modular ubuchwepheshe.

Izici indlu Uhlaka

Ngo imiklamo bendabuko isitini futhi izindlu ezakhiwe ngokhuni ngaphansi kwelinye ipulanka kusho uhlelo izingxenye ehlukile, okuyinto, nakuba akha ngenxa kunye, kodwa awukwazi sokukhwelana nomunye ngokuhamba ukwakha isizinda isidumbu. Nokho, kuleli cala, okushiwo izakhiwo Precast yiso wokwehla esiphezulu eziyisisekelo umthwalo esindayo izakhi isakhiwo esisodwa at the stage of ukwakhiwa. Empeleni, yilokho inzuzo enkulu yaleyo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa sibonga ngomumo nokubiyela inqubo iqembu elincane kokuphela ukwakhiwa, ukunikela ikhasimende endlini esiphelele. Prefabricated ifreyimu yesithombe okuyinto abekwe ngezansi, ebonisa isibonelo isakhiwo esinjalo.

Kumayelana domkomplektah equkethe isethi edingekayo materials, ekugcineni obumba skeleton. Kusukela izindlu ezivamile zihlukaniswa ukusetshenziswa ukwakhiwa izinto elula kakhudlwana futhi ezishibhile, okuyinto Nokho, zibelula ngokuya ukufakwa. Ngo izinto kakhulu ukwakhiwa particleboard emelelwa impahla eluhlaza, ngemuva kwalokhu ezidinga ukubulawa aminyene futhi ukushisa kubekwa uphawu, futhi kwezinye izimo ngokomzimba futhi okhulisa.

Foundation njengesisekelo uhlaka

Mhlawumbe isisekelo ingxenye kuphela esihlanganisa skeleton namaphrojekthi domkomplekty izakhiwo bendabuko. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo base isisekelo akufakwanga uzimele hlela njengeringithoni ezinjalo, kodwa ngaphandle kwalo awukwazi ukwakha. Ukuqedela le ngxenye yomsebenzi kuzodinga isixazululo ukhonkolo ugodo formwork noma iqoqo 4 yinqwaba - kukhethwa izinto kunqunywa inqubo ukwakhiwa. Jwayelekile strip izisekelo ehlelwa imisele ukugcwalisa, igudle izithiyo ngokhuni, formwork, azungezwe we site indawo yendlu esizayo.

Inqwaba ubuchwepheshe kancane elula, kodwa futhi ikuvumela ukuba usethe skeleton eqinile. izandla zami siqu ukuqaphela lomsebenzi ingatholakala ukushayela izinsika lemahlanganweni yezindlu indawo yokuhlala, okuyinto esikhathini esizayo libekwe kuma-panel kakhonkolo. Lolu khetho asifanele itshe ephezulu grade noma isakhiwo isitini, kodwa ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa ukwakhiwa Uhlaka izindlu, okuyinto bengayi ngesikhathi yinqwaba efanayo umthwalo ngokweqile.

ukufakwa izindonga

Ngo imiklamo bendabuko odongeni wakhiwa kusetshenziswa nodaka. Bricks, amabhlogo noma amapulangwe kuthiwa amazinga odongeni esekelwe ukulungele anda. Kuleli qophelo kumelwe futhi enikeziwe in the setshe phansi noma ingxenye engezansi noma ipuleti egcwele, okuyinto kamuva iyoba ibhamuza futhi impahla yangaphandle.

Njengoba for izakhiwo prefabricated, kukhona ngisho kulula ukwakha uhlaka udonga - lena umsebenzi ngezigaba ezimbili, eyokuqala banephupho kudalwa battens lokhuni. Ngaphezu kwalokho ukulungele esakhiwe odongeni panel, noma kwakhiwa ngokhuni chip impahla, noma self-ezenziwe ngombala ebhodini, ububanzi okuyinto zingahluka kusuka 10 kuya 20 cm emalungeni esiqokiwe ungenisa emakhoneni steel -. Yasibamba isikulufa noma ngezikulufo wenza imikhiqizo metal.

Crate njengelungu Uhlaka

Lapho abantu bakhuluma ngokuthuthukisa yokuthi ingxenye enkulu imisebenzi umsebenzi uzothatha imisebenzi asizayo, ke wayecabanga, ngokukhethekile, futhi lathing. Akukhona ezimele, futhi akulutho, kodwa kubalulekile isici kwesakhiwo. Crate isetshenziswa njengoba ingxenye Lesisemkhatsini-inguquko phakathi isisekelo kanye sub-phansi, ophahleni, elingenhla truss uhlelo, futhi lapho yokuqedela of the panel Gypsum. Kulo mBhalo, udonga efulemini yensimbi obumba platform iphrofayela ngalo sizokwazi ukusonta plasterboard panel kanye Linings efanayo.

Njengoba for nye embodiments ikesi ke bekungaba izakhiwo okukhulu ngaphezulu ezakhiwe ngemishayo ezinkulu-format amabhodi. Nezobuchwepheshe, lokhu ngehele Lisenza beka okokusebenza nangokuvikela, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa noma umklamo eziyisisekelo noma yangaphandle ulwelwesi impahla.

Ukufaka ophahleni system for uphahla

girder Umkhqizi kungakhathaliseki amasethingi okumisela Kufanele ube isisekelo esinengqondo. Kumila wenziwa usebenzisa ikesi efanayo, kodwa kumele ukufakwa isakhiwo esiqinile asekelayo. Kulo msebenzi, uprights mpo efanelekayo, okuholela ngqo kusukela esisekelweni. ukufakwa Eminye wenziwa Uhlaka phezulu ohlelweni ophahleni. Ngenxa yale njongo, a impahla kumele kusetshenziswe ugodo melkoformatnoy ebhodini. Ukusebenza ukulungisa engenziwa ngomunye izinhlelo ezintathu - ahlabayo, esebenzisa kubakaki noma perforated by kubakaki steel. Uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa version kuhlangene, ezizohlinzeka ophahleni enkulu nakakhulu amandla.

Uhlaka Kwembulunga

Ngaleso esigabeni ngasinye Batten ngeke ngaphezu kokukodwa beka futhi ukwahlukanisa izinto. Ikakhulukazi kumayelana domkomplektov prefabricated ukuthi izimpawu hhayi ukongiwa eziphumelela kakhulu ukushisa. Ezansi egumbini elingaphansi, lapho iyona likhreyithi, ungasebenzisa ubumba okuxekethile ukunwetshwa. Kuyinto enhle ngoba Akudingi ukufakwa akhethekile nje Liyashabalala ngokulinganayo phezu bonke ubuso. Uma uhlela ukuba vimbela endlini Uhlaka ezindaweni mpo, kuzodingeka ukuba zisebenze iphaneli kanye roll izinto. Bahlela nokuba kube khona elinganiselayo phezu bonke ubuso, bese okuyisisekelo esinqunyiwe isibhamu noma ngezinye iziqobosho evamile, bephethe heater.

imisebenzi yokuqedela

Finishing Uhlaka futhi kuncike kulokho Kwasetshenziswani ekwakhiweni yayo. Uma isicelo chipboard panel, qeda ingaphakathi kuyinto efiselekayo ukwenza inhlanganisela Batten zensimbi okwakhiwa ngalo la mabhodi, futhi neliyoba ukunikeza umsebenzi ukwahlukanisa.

Esibucayi kakhulu ingxenye iyona sekugcineni ukufulela impahla ophahla. Futhi kubalulekile ukubhekana umbuzo elandelayo: indlela yokwenza uhlaka uhlelo truss ukuze ukumelana ophahleni isigubungelo? Njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, base okuqinile kakhulu ingatholakala inhlanganisela perforations futhi slot uxhumano, kanye iinthombe metal izingxenye. Lolu khetho ngabe beyomboza ophahleni nge ibitume noma ezisindayo Tile metal. Uma iphrofayli metal ukukhanya isetshenziswa, isidingo nekucinisa semishayweni nje - ngokwanele emakhoneni steel yokuxhuma imishayo.

isiphetho

Technology unikeza izinto ezahlukene ongazikhetha zokweseka kudivayisi isizinda, ngamunye ephethe izimfanelo zayo siqu nalapho bebafushane khona. Kungakhathaliseki ukukhetha, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lolu hlaka lwamathambo - okungukuthi, okokuqala kunakho konke, amandla design amandla isisetshenziswa ekhaya. Kulesi sici, isixazululo esingcono kakhulu kungaba ukusetshenziswa zokwakha lukaKhisimusi izindonga ngezitini, izakhi block sezinga noma kuma-panel kakhonkolo. Kodwa futhi prefabricated Uhlaka telulwimi izinzuzo ezinkulu - ngesimo eziphansi, ukufakwa okusheshayo nezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokusisebenzisa e imigomo yokusetshenziswa.