Prince Mihail Abakwazi Abakwenzayo: iDemo biography, umlando kanye izikhumbuzo

Prince Mihail Abakwazi Abakwenzayo esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe legends esesesiswini yabo. Futhi ukuphila nokufa nendoda okukhulunywe ngayo e zemihla zomlando, futhi ukuphila yabangcwele. Disemba 5 lugujwa ngosuku inkumbulo umfel 'ukholo. Futhi ikhalenda unekhasi ahlukene enesihloko esithi "Prince Mihail Yaroslavich Abakwazi Abakwenzayo."

i-curriculum vitae

Kwandulelwe kokuzalwa nkosana yetinsita ezinhle ezimayelana uhlangana noyise, Prince Yaroslav Yaroslavich, nonina Xenia. Ngokusho yetinsita kanye isikhulu beyifuna eduze Tver, eduze nedolobhana. Edimonovo. Waya esontweni lomfula futhi wabona kwesosha wakhe Gregory ethwele le Xenia enhle. Prince is ngakho bethatheka ubuhle Xenia, kangangokuthi wanquma ukumshada. Bedabukiswe Gregory baba indela, futhi wasungula Isigodlo phezu lomfula. Tvertsa.

Esikhathini esingeside lo mbhangqwana wahlala ngenjabulo unomphela. Ngokwe nesiko langalesosikhathi, Yaroslav Yaroslavich waya Golden zidlamlilo for ilebula ukubusa, kodwa ukugula futhi washona endleleni emuva. Akazange ukubona indodana yakhe, eyazalelwa ekupheleni 1271.

Iminyaka yokuqala yokuphila

I Dowager Duchess waqamba indodana yakhe uMichael. Ngemva kokufa kwamadodana amabili endala Yaroslava Yaroslavicha nguye iba Umqhele umbusi Tver ubukhulu. Ukuqinisekiswa ilungelo lokubusa, efika eminyakeni engu-11, ngemva kokufa umalume wakhe Svyatoslav. Kodwa eqinisweni, kwakuphuma amandla bagxila ezandleni Duchess Xenia futhi boyars. Lapho uMichael eneminyaka engu-15 ubudala ngaleso Tver kuphangwa njalo we naseLithuania. Ngenxa izinqubomgomo wobungane principalities angomakhelwane wakwazi ukuqinisa imizamo ukuphosele abahlaseli kude entshonalanga. Ngemva kwalokho zanikezelwa izimali abalulekile ukuze uqinise izinyo - lamabutho okwedlulele we Tver ubukhulu.

Angikhohlwa Mihail Abakwazi Abakwenzayo kanye nokuqiniswa zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni emazweni azo endabuko. On iseluleko ethempelini Dowager Duchess Xenia Yakhiwa kwisayithi ye isimo yesonto elisencwadini yasendulo Cosmas futhi Damian. I umhlobiso ocebile ibandla kukhokhelwe ngokuphelele engcebweni yenkosana. Ngemva kwesikhathi eside, ngoba ubungcwele sakhe sengqondo enenhlonipho Lobu-Orthodox amagugu isikhulu sasitholakala kuyi ikhalenda, futhi yayibizwa ngokuthi "oNgcwele Prince Mihail Abakwazi Abakwenzayo."

Uhlolo lokuqala

Tver ubukhulu ngalezo zinsuku sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi ngokomthetho ezizimele kusukela eMoscow, kodwa, ngenxa ukuvala zomkhaya, Mikhail Yaroslavich Abakwazi Abakwenzayo ungase ubeke isimangalo okwakufanele abe inkosi. Leli qiniso kwaba amadodana disadvantageous kakhulu Aleksandra Nevskogo - Dmitri futhi lapho u-Andrei ngubani uphikise sobukhosi isikhathi eside. Ngemva kokunqoba iDemo Dmitry Andrey ihlanganise izimisele ibutho ezinsikeni zawo we AmaTatar futhi 1293 ehlasela izwe lakwa-Russian. Prince lakhuphuka wathatha waphucwa emadolobheni 14 zingawuhawukeli futhi uVladimir noma eMoscow, bese uya ukuya Tver umhlaba.

Ngalesi sikhathi, uMichael kwaba Tver ku zidlamlilo, lapho ngomusa omkhulu etholwe Khan. In the ukungabikho Prince tverichi ngafunga ukuthi ubambe Fort kuze isosha zokugcina. ukuqinisa Elikhulu Tver abavela kwamanye principalities, ehlaselwe kuhlasela Andrew. Ngemva kokuzwa we ingozi esondelayo emkhathizwe, Mikhail Yaroslavich Abakwazi Abakwenzayo zasobiralsya ekhaya. On ezazinama- indlela yakhe isitha abaqamekeli, lapho Prince, ngumuntu lucky chance, aphuthelwe. Izakhamuzi Tver, ngemuva kokufunda mayelana nokubuya kaMikayeli, wayakumhlangabeza udwendwe. Kodwa amaTartar, njengoba uMichael wabuyela Tver, wenqaba ukuba ahlasele ke. Idolobhana ngasinda.

Umshado Mihaila Tverskogo

Ngokwe-akhawunti ye-mlando, Mihail Abakwazi Abakwenzayo kube ubude, zihlukaniswa ukuzibamba akabubekezelelanga ukudakwa. Nabakhulu, nabantu abavamile uyamthanda. NeNkosi yazo zonke umhlaba wafuna ukubona ubuso Ganiselanani Tverskaya endaweni, izikhulu eziningi, umngane Prince yamadodakazi nodadewabo. Ngaleso sikhathi, washada ekuseni, futhi Prince Mihail Abakwazi Abakwenzayo ngesikhathi eneminyaka engamashumi amabili nambili ngishade UPrincess Anne. Amantombazane eze ekhaya indodakazi Prince Dimitry of Rostov. Umshado ekuqaleni kuzoba ujabule, kodwa isiphetho okubi njalo ihlolwe injabulo abasanda kushada. Ebusuku ngabona ekuqaleni oqinile 1298 umlilo e-Prince izigceme. Ngokuyisimangaliso ukulondolozwa nonkosikazi futhi yena Mihail Abakwazi Abakwenzayo. Biography of Prince uthi ngemva kwaleso senzakalo, yena wagula kakhulu, futhi yonke impahla yakhe yacekeleka phansi.

wokulwa

1304 kwaba usuku kokufa Grand Prince Andrei Alexandrovich. I Olwa esiyinhloko sobukhosi kwakukhona Mihail Abakwazi Abakwenzayo njengoba kwase kunguye omdala emndenini. Kodwa amalungelo akhe lezinceku kwaba Umzukulu inselele, UGrigory Danilovich. Ngokusho amasiko isikhathi izikhulu bathunyelwa zidlamlilo ukuze uthole khona ukunqamulela ukubusa. Anna Ngamncenga umyeni wakhe ukulahla ithegi kwesikhulu, kodwa wahamba ngendlela yakhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Michael waya okufanayo futhi uGregory. Lapho izikhulu uVladimir badabula, bahlangana ongcwele Metropolitan Maxim. Wancenga Gregory akazange inselele ilungelo uMichael. Maxim ekuqinisekisa ukuthi uGregory etholakele Michael noma iliphi idolobha, uma sibekezelele ubudala bakhe, kodwa iNkosi eMoscow amangalelwe wayezovuma ukuba zidlamlilo for izindaba zabo siqu futhi isimangalo ekubuseni akuhloselwe.

Umhlangano we zidlamlilo

ukhetho ababili bahlangana endlunkulu lwesiTatar khan, nangombango yabo lwavutha kabusha. wohlanga olukhulu Turkish zakala wombango wathembisa ilebuli uzobangenisa izipho ngaphezulu. Futhi George noMichael bephoqeleka ukuba uchithe isikhathi esengeziwe nokuningi, ekufezeni abameleli umusa Khan futhi ukuqasha abasekeli phakathi eseduze Khan abantu. izinqubomgomo okunjalo owakhipha igadle kwezwakala nasezimalini kaMikayeli, wanithwesa umthwalo osindayo kubantu ophoqelelwe. Ekugcineni Wahamba imizi UGregory wathola ilebula athandwayo.

nokuphikiswa okukhulu

Ngo 1305, uMichael babuyela ezweni Russian futhi ngesizotha wathatha isihlalo sobukhosi. Kodwa isivumelwano Gregory engakaze kufinyelelwa: izihlobo ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa zazilwa, futhi le ngxabano baqhubeka.

Ekuqaleni 1313 amandla zidlamlilo washintsha futhi waba abasha Tatar Khan ngokuthi Uzbek. Ngokusho izinkolelo zabo ezingokwenkolo kwaba ngenkuthalo ukugxilisa lolu kholo olusha Muslim Uzbek emazweni Russian.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Prince UGrigory hhayi ukhohlwe incwadi yakhe yokusula emsebenzini. Ilokhu kokuba Khan emhlabeni abasha, kancane kancane waqala ukwenza ukuqiniseka kwakhe ngokugcwele. Gregory ngisho udade oshadile Khan Konchak, ngemva kobhapathizo enganikwa igama Agatha. Ganiselanani Uzbeks, isikhulu eMoscow emnxusa ukuba nohlangothi lwakhe futhi waqiniseka ukuthi ilebula Grand iye sitlolwe kuso. Futhi manje kwaba Gregory kwadingeka ukuba ahlale esihlalweni sobukhosi, eMoscow.

ayehlasela

Bekanye Gregory ukuya eRussia ayehlaselwa amanxusa Khan ephethwe Kavgadyem, elalingelamaFilisti umbuthano ewumngcingo wemikhakha ethenjwayo abantu Izizwe aseMpumalanga. Lapho ngizwa ngalokhu, Mihail Abakwazi Abakwenzayo ngokuthobeka wenqaba wokubusa eMoscow futhi wabuyela bomdabu Tver ubukhulu bakhe.

Kodwa Gregory awazange azikhohlwe ukuthukwa futhi engafuni ukuxazulula inkinga zomhlaba. Njengoba eqoqwe bayibutho elikhulu, wathuthela Tver. Ekuhambeni kwakhe glared at nemizana wazishisa Amasimu, amadoda abulewe futhi bangabi yizigqila zewayini, futhi abesifazane namantombazane wanikeza isihlamba. ngakhungatheka ngokuphelele Tver umhlaba Kolunye uhlangothi iVolga, wamlondoloza amandla akhe ayehlasela insimu Zavolzhskaya. Izinga inhlekelele sasisikhulu kangangokuba Mihail Abakwazi Abakwenzayo boyars nababhishobhi kubuthwe waphendukela kuye ukuze bathole iseluleko. Umbhishobhi nabakhulu ngazwi linye wafika ekumeleleni ezweni lakubo engiyalela isikhulu ukulwa indodana yomfowabo ekhohlisayo.

Battle of s. Borteneve

Abaphikisi wabhekana ekupheleni kukaDisemba 1317 eduze Tver, isigodi esincane Borteneve. Ngenxa yalokho we olunegazi impi amabutho kwesikhulu eMoscow yanqotshwa babaleka. George wangenela Torzhok, bese wabalekela Novgorod. Umkakhe Agatha-Konchak, umfowabo Boris nezinye izizwe eziningi bathunjwa. Nge ukunqoba futhi bejabule kakhulu, wabuyela lwakhe lwendabuko Tver Mikhail. Udibi lwezikhali zakhe ukuthi excised, kodwa waba abalimalanga. Michael labetibambile isiguqo behlonipha ukunqoba kwakhe, wanikela izipho ezinkulu ku-isonto. Ngemva kokunqotshwa Gregory ababebuthene ibutho elisha Pskov futhi Novgorod, kodwa igazi liye kugwenywe. Izikhulu wenza ukuthula.

Kwaba eyesikhashana ezweni elisha. Agatha ngomfazi eMoscow isikhulu, owayesesimweni isikhundla isiboshwa etusekayo Tver, kungalindelekile wafa. Amahemuhemu ayesakazwa ukuthi wadliswa ushevu. George waya zidlamlilo, futhi wakwazi ukukholisa Khan ukuba ukufa ngesihluku kwezingane udadewabo. Njengoba yisiboniso akanacala Michael ayinikeza njengoba abathunjwa indodana yakhe, Constantine, kodwa awazange asize. Bethukutheliswe Uzbek ngaphambilini Michael ukuth eze zidlamlilo.

Prince ukufa

Ngenhliziyo nzima ngaya Mihail Abakwazi Abakwenzayo Khan Uzbek. Waqaphela ukuthi, okungenzeka kakhulu emuva ngeke babuyele kulo. Fika kuya zidlamlilo, Prince, bavele ngaphambi Khan, uziphikile lezi zinsolo futhi ucele inkantolo. Uzbek banquma ukungayisebenzisi nhlobo i Uzazibulala isikhulu walinika Kavgadyem yakhe ngokurhaba. Novemba 22, 1318, ngemva kokuba isivivinyo engenabulungisa, Mihail Abakwazi Abakwenzayo wabulawa etendeni lakhe, isixuku sabantu izitha, kwaholela Kavgadyya.

unkosikazi kaMichael, u-Anna, George wancenga ukunikeza isidumbu somyeni wakhe ukwenze ngenjongo yokungilungiselela ukungcwatshwa. Tverichi wabingelela lomngcwabo nendikimba Michael loMfula i-iVolga. umzimba Tver yenkosana wangcwatshwa embuthanweni esikhulu sabantu bosuku oNgcwele isimo Monastery.

Ukholo, Prince bavikela izwe labo nasolakeni amaTatar noGeorge. Piety ukuzivikela wamasiko wayethethelela abagcotshwa. Ngokusho uhlu lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli Orthodox of St Mihail Abakwazi Abakwenzayo waba ngumsizi wabaningi ezweni Tver. imifanekiso zakhe zisemhlabeni amasonto amadolobha Russian nasemizaneni, futhi kubhekwa ukuba umvikeli ezweni Russian kanye nomvikeli Orthodox. Izikhumbuzo Mihailu Tverskomu kukhona ekhaya lakhe Turf.

Okwamanje, izinto eziphawuleka kakhulu wabo emzini yaseSoviet yokuthuthela endaweni Tver.