Ukholo - kuyini? Konke ngocingo njengemidlalo

Uthango - umdlalo ezihloniphekayo, enhle kakhulu, nenhle romantic. Nokho, lokhu ubuciko amasosha lasendulo ukuthi lihle futhi abafana bayafa kuzo. Uthango - kungcono impi izinhlamvu, engesiyo izimfanelo eziphindaphindekayo kukhona nongenanembeza kanye izikhulu. Namuhla sizobheka lo mdlalo okuthakazelisayo eduze bheka futhi ukuthola ukuthi yini ezokwenzeka uthango, kanye lapho kuhlala isisu, okuyinto kulo kunemithetho esebenza ngubo njengoba imincintiswano agcinwe khona futhi baphumelela Kulokhu Russia. Uthango elisuka ezikude nabo bese uqalisa.

Mayelana nomlando

Uthango ubhekwa okwazalelwa kuyo Spain. Kwakuthinta lapha wazalwa okuthile okunjengesizwe art ifa wanamuhla nenkemba rapier. ESpain, wenza edumile emhlabeni wonke Toledo izindwani, okuyinto, ngokuba ukukhanya kakhulu, babe kakhulu amandla izici. Kuyinto kuleli zwe, futhi kamuva e-Europe owasungula Duel ku isikhali abandayo. Kukholakala ukuthi eSpain incwadi yokuqala, okwakubekelwa kubhekwe uthango ziye zanyatheliswa. Abesilisa bathandile ukulwa phezu steel ezibandayo, futhi abesifazane aba yingcweti emisebenzini uthango kamuva kakhulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izwe kwadingeka isikole sokuqala uthango. Budebuduze nayo ngemuva Italy, eFrance naseJalimane. Ngo 1470-yalolucwaningo eJalimane kusungulwa corporation wabafundisi beZwi uthango, futhi e-England - inhlangano fencers.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVIII sekube izikole eziningana emhlabeni wonke. Chief phakathi kwabo kwakukhona French futhi esikoleni Italy swordsmanship. Yibo owanika izwe izibambo abadumile izikhali bladed.

Ekhulwini XIX yaqala kumiswa Uthango. Futhi ekupheleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka, umncintiswano wokuqala, e nencazelo yabo yesimanje kuye kwahlelwa indawo yokuzivikela. Ngo-1913, it wadalwa International Uthango Federation, okuyinto ngo-1914 bamukela imithetho mpi. Ngenxa yalezi imithetho ukuncintisana manje. Kuze kube manje, i-International Uthango Federation kuhlanganisa ezingaphezu kwekhulu nemifelandawonye kazwelonke.

Uthango eRussia

Inzalo kuqala ubuciko uthango sekukhona eRussia ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVII. Peter mina ke wenza "rapier isayensi" isihloko ayimpoqo izikhungo amasosha nezakhamuzi. Ngo 1816 Petersburg ivule isikole uthango ngoba ukuqeqeshwa othisha abaqeqeshi. Umqeqeshi Uthango, ukhululeka izindonga zawo, sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi umuntu lomuntu ohlonishwayo. Ngo-1834 e-Russia siye athuthukile imithetho uthango ku ashaya. Kancane kancane, lesi sikole siqala ukuba ohlelekile kweminye imizi.

Kusukela 1899 kuya 1916 i-Petersburg umphakathi yabasubathi zamukele uthango ubuqhawe minyaka yonke, okuyinto ubuhanjelwe zonke eRussia. Russian uthango amakhosi enkundleni ngamazwe ngokokuqala senzeka ngo-1910. Omunye abasubathi Russian iwine endaweni yesithathu ke. ngemva kweminyaka emibili wasingatha Yama-Olympic yokuqala e Russian fencers umsebenzi. Uthango ke waqala ukuthuthukisa ngejubane elikhulu.

Kamuva, isikole yaseSoviet yokuthuthela uthango kuyoba ngenye yezinkampani ezingcono kakhulu emhlabeni. Esikhathini 21 amakhosi ekhulwini yesi udwani Russian ephethwe athole izindondo ezimbalwa kweshumi igolide kanye aphule amarekhodi kweSoviet eqenjini lesizwe. Namuhla, kukhona ingxenye uthango cishe yonke imizi.

Ezemidlalo uthango

Lo mdlalo ihlanganisa eyala ezintathu. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo kuba uhlobo izikhali ezisetshenziswa. Fence kungaba inkemba, rapier futhi saber. Injongo eyinhloko yawo sparring - inflict hlaba futhi uzivikele isibhamu sakhe. Owinile nguye uzokwazi ukuchitha inombolo ethile ukuhlaselwa lokuqala noma ukuze athole imiphumela engcono kakhulu isikhathi esithile.

isikhali

Uthango isikhali siqukethe izici:

1. Blade.
2. Garda.
3. Ukubeka.
4. Yiphathe.
5. Nut.

On emaphethelweni ukudla kuyinto ithiphu ekhethekile. Izikhali kungenziwa gesi kanye abavamile. izingalo agesi zixhunywe ezintanjeni zikagesi ezinde ngensimbi yomculo, okuyinto ithumba isibhamu. I wire ligcinwe ngaphansi Ingubo umsubathi. Ichopho isikhali unenkinobho ekhethekile.

Inkemba obuphelele Imininingwane esingeqile 110 cm nesisindo - Blade 770 has a ubude 90 cm ububanzi kuyinto esiphezulu unogada 13.5cm Isikhali libhekisela Ukubhoboza ... A nezimo steel blade has trihedral cross-section.

Rapier iyahluka kwenye izinkemba ngu nemingcele ezifana isisindo - 500 g; unogada ubukhulu - 12 cm - sigaba bese Klenk - Isikwele. Sinikeza uthango kulula.

Saber has a obuphelele ezingekho ngaphezu 105 cm Uma lesi ifinyelela esiphezulu blade obuphelele 88 cm saber Isisindo -.. 0.5 kg. Saber siphathelene ukubhoboza nezingalo ukusika futhi nezimo steel blade nge kwenombolo trapezoid cross kwesigaba. Sine unogada saber shackle, okuyinto uxhuma ngayo isibambo. Ithiphu lwenkemba akuyona.

endaweni ethintekile

Ngo duel nge imijovo izinkemba abalwa okubangelwa ichopho ikhaba kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba abaphikisi sika. Vele angeke ukushaya emhlane, imaski ungazivikele.

Manje ake sixoxe Duel nge rapiers. Ngo ngokwemibandela yemithetho kuyinto uthango ezingcono. Rapier ezandleni athlete kudinga ukunemba kakhudlwana. I jabs rapier sparring kubhekwe kuphela esifubeni abaphikisi, kokubili front futhi bakhulise. Lishayeka ekhanda, izandla nezinyawo zivinjelwe. Uma fencer ucwecwe inflicted angahlaba ngaphandle zone kuvunyelwe, ukulwa wayeka, futhi wonke amagalelo ka lesisiqephu akubalwa.

Ngo duel nge sabres avunyelwe ukwenza isibhamu kanye emagalelweni iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, esemgwaqweni ngaphezu okhalweni, ngaphandle entanyeni. Uma fencer kwaba ngaphandle kule ndawo, engakutholi hit / kwabathinta amaphuzu, kodwa mpi ayibonakali ku.

I fencers sparring futhi rapiristov ngezinye izikhathi ukubala umjovo / Blow wamshaya uvunyelwe band. Lokhu kwenzeka uma lo msubathi ukuthi ivikelwe ngamabomu ivale iziteleka ingxenye yomzimba ka kungathintekanga. Ngokwesibonelo, unyawo ukuthi ngokuvamile itholakala ngokubheka uthango akufanele ngokomsebenzi engiwenzayo. Regulations futhi iyakwenqabela eziqondene eziphathelene izikhali ezishelelayo conductive, kuhlanganise isudi yakhe siqu, ngoba kubangela okungamanga isimiso sikagesi.

ngubo

Siyaqhubeka ukufunda uthango. Uyini fencer imvunulo? Lokhu isudi ezimhlophe ehlanganisa ibhantshi nebhulukwe afika emadolweni nge suspenders. Ibhantshi okwakuthiwa i-ingubo. Nezingubo fencer senziwa lendwangu zingamelana uthuthumele kuze kufinyelele 800 newtons amandla. Lezi zokubhukuda asetshenziswa imincintiswano international. Ukuze ukusebenzisa elula Indwangu ngokwanele uyakwazi withstanding umthelela force of 350 Newtons.

Phansi le fencer ofaka eside amasokisi amhlophe kanye nezicathulo ekhethekile. Kusuka izicathulo ezilula lokugijima uhluka a yedwa flat kanti uzwane kwagcizelela futhi isithende. Kukhona amamodeli ongaphakeme kanye eliphezulu. Eyesibili isetshenziswa uma kukhona isidingo e lock iqakala.

Isivuvu - kungenye imfanelo ebalulekile, ngaphandle okuyinto akunakwenzeka ukuba zibone ngeso lengqondo uthango. Yini esivikelayo ubuso? Lokhu kuyisici esibalulekile kakhulu umdlalo omuhle kodwa nokhahlo kangaka. imaski Avikelayo akufanele kuphela, basibekele ubuso kusukela amagalelo, kodwa kungaphazamisi ezinhle athlete sika ukubona isitha. Ngakho-ke, imaskhi neso zone has a ngishiswa. A collar ekhethekile metal ivikela entanyeni.

Ukuze fencers ngishiswa isehlane nge plastic ukunqwabelanisa ukushaqeka ukumelana nhlangothi zombili. A collar elenziwe impahla ezingamelana nezinselele umthelela force of 1600 Newtons. Ngoba ukuqeqesha, bangamaphesenti 350 Newton.

Rapiristov ukusebenzisa buso efanayo, kuphela nge-collar kagesi. Konke kuncike onjani amagalelo kuvumela uthango oluthile.

Saber, njengoba sekushiwo, ishaye ubuso, ngakho imaskhi ngoba saber kukhona igridi uninsulated, eqhuba ugesi. Futhi ngempela wonke saber imaski nge collar elenziwe ngesikhumba impahla kagesi conductive.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi ubambe isikhali, gqoka amagilavu. Endabeni saber uthango kuba kagesi cuffs conductive.

Ngaphansi isudi, njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla, ifakwa nabochniki okuyinto nathi simelane ukushaqeka amandla 350 noma 800 Newtons. Ukuze ugweme ukulimaza ngaphansi nabochniki kwalokho elungile Ukuvikelwa plastic.

Njengoba fencers KWAMAGUNDANE surface ethintekile wonke umzimba kuchazwa ukubavikela ngokwanele. Rapiristov okwengeziwe wagqoka ijazi ivesti wenza elinama conductive. Libonisa surface ku ukuze ashaye. Ngo saber, ngaphezu kwalokho, ixhunywe imaskhi ivesti.

Bhalisa isiteleka

Lapho isetshenziswa wokubhoboza noma buhlungu (i saber), ama-apharathasi ukuqoshwa unika ukwazi ngakho ukuvula ukukhanya green. Uma kuhlasela eyenziwa yibo bonke imithetho, khona-ke kubalwa bashaya umsubathi uthola iphuzu. Uma Punch / hlaba kwenziwe ngaphandle zone avunyelwe ikhanyisa ukukhanya okumhlophe. Lapho wokhela ngesikhathi esifanayo ukukhanya green nomhlophe ama-ke iziteleka ezimbili lasetshenziswa, futhi owokuqala babo besingavumelekile. Ngenxa yalokho, kwagadla yesibili awubalwa. Njengoba uthango epee ivumela noma iyiphi punches, akukho amalambu emhlophe. Uma isibani wokhela kanyekanye nhlangothi zombili, amaphuzu etholwe umdlali ngamunye.

fencer suit kungenziwa exhunywe nedivaysi ukuqoshwa ezifana ngendlela yezintambo noma engenantambo. Ukuze kagesi uhlelo pass ezikhonjwe, ingcindezi ikhanda lomcibisholo kufanele sifinyelele okungenani 4.9 Newtons noma 0.5 kg for the gripper futhi 7,35 newtons noma 0.75 kg - zokuba kungene inkemba. Ngokuqondene inkemba umthelela, kumele wakuyisa isiphelo sako okunengqondo. touch Simple lapha engalethi amaphuzu.

Kunzima ukukucabanga, kodwa kube khona isikhathi lapho kugadla zalotshwa kuphela ongaboni. Le mission ebalulekile wanikezwa abakwaziyo ezine azungeza yempi bevela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Ngo-1936, i-yokuqala eyabonwa umthetho, owawuthi imijovo fencers waqala kuzolungiswa ngosizo basebenzise izinto zikagesi. Ngo-1957 lesi simiso waqala ukuncintisana uthango abagijimi, ngo-1988 futhi saber fencers.

pistes

Sparring lwenzeka pistes. Ubude bayo 14 amamitha, kuyilapho ububanzi ziyahlukahluka phakathi 1.5-2 amamitha. Njengoba e yimuphi omunye umdlalo, empini has a yomdwebo. Kulokhu, it is emelelwa imigqa 5, perpendicular ithrekhi. Umugqa wokuqala - isikhungo. Ngezinye ibanga 2 amamitha kuwo nhlangothi zombili ohlwini lwempi itholakala. Olayini ababili ngaphezulu ngamamitha ayisikhombisa kude isikhungo kanye imigqa ezingemuva abizwa ngokuthi imingcele.

Ngakho, ekuqaleni kwempi, ngenkathi ohlwini lwempi, athlete has 5 amamitha-9 amamitha kanye ukubaleka kulokhu kuhlasela. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ithrekhi abelwe izikhawu imitha-2, okuvumela abasubathi ukucacisa kahle ukuthi uye washiya indawo ukubaleka, hhayi siguquke.

Kanjani ukulwa

Sesiyazi Imibandela lokho uthango. Kuyini suit uthango futhi lokho yomdwebo kuyilapho impi ilwa, siyazi. Ngakho-ke, kusho ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuba uqhubekela fun okuyingxenye - inqubo mpi.

Ngakho, ngo-ekuqaleni izitha impi kukhona emgqeni kokuqala isikhundla emaceleni ukuze nomunye. Kulokhu, umlenze owodwa kweqa umugqa. Izikhali ithunyelwa isitha, futhi isandla khulula lufakwa ngemuva. I Duel liqala futhi liphethe ngesikhathi unompempe ngokwakhe unika izwi elifanele. Nokho, ekupheleni iziqubu kungaphinde kwenzeke uma isignali basakaza ngokusazisa ukuthi round siphelelwe yisikhathi.

Ngokwesiko, ukwahlulelwa wenziwa French. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwempi, unompempe ngokwakhe unika izwi "Kuvele Guard!", Ikuphi ihumusha ngokuthi "ukulwa!". Ube esebuza abasubathi lo mbuzo: "Ey Vu PRE" ukuze sithole ukuthi bakulungele. Lapho bobabili fencers banesibopho, ijaji ngokwakhe unika izwi "U-Alla!". Uma ufuna ukuyeka ukulwa, uthi igama elithi "I-Viola!", Ikuphi ihumusha ngokuthi "Misa imoto!". Ngo ukunikeza amaphuzu nokuma kwesosha lingasuki ethile, ijaji lathi: "A Droite", "A gauche" noma "Ku kabili." Lokhu kusho ukuthi: "Kulungile," "elivulekile ngomqondo" futhi "kokubili", ngokulandelana. Lapho ukubhaliswa isiteleka esingavumelekile ijaji lithi: "Pa Conti" - "Angazi cabanga." Ngemva beshaya abaphikisi emuva ezikhundleni zabo zokuqala, futhi ukulwa uyaqhubeka. Futhi uma ukulwa samiswa ngaphandle kokuthola umklomelo, waqala endaweni efanayo lapho ehlala khona.

umdlalo ngamunye uhlukaniswe emahlandla lamatsatfu ehlala njalo ngomzuzu 1. Isikhawu phakathi imizuliswano futhi ngomzuzu. round winner lo athlete ngubani izikolo kuqala 15 amaphuzu, noma kuzoholela akhawunti okwamanje imikhawulo nxazonke. Uma ekupheleni emahlandla lamatsatfu by amaphuzu draw, yabela round eyengeziwe lesine. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale, aphethwe draw, okwakuthi ophumelele ukhethwa icala ngomzuzu owengeziwe ngeke kusize.

Manje cabanga uthango isiqhema mithetho ukuhluka. Uma mncintiswano ithimba, fencer ngamunye kumelwe balwe, kube yilowo umsubathi isitha ithimba. Kusukela team siqukethe abantu abathathu, ukufana phakathi kwalamaqembu womabili kuhlanganisa 9 izimpi ngabanye. Kule mpi wokuqala kuphela lapho omunye amaqembu ukuthola 5 amaphuzu, kwesibili - amaphuzu 10, nokunye kuya 45.

I fencer owahlasela kuqala, uthola isimo umhlaseli futhi umphikisi wakhe, ngokulandelana, ukuvikela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo isiteleka / imijovo, inzuzo unikezwa i umdlali ehlasela. Alternately kuqala isinyathelo ihamba komunye fencer. Uma uhlelo electronic eqoshiwe hit / shot, kodwa kwakwenziwa ephula amaphuzu kuhlasela igunya azonikezwa. Lapho umphumela unompempe mutual enza isimo. Igalelo / hlaba inflicted ngemva kokukhishwa komyalo "Misa imoto!", Ingabe abalwa kuphela uma ukunyakaza wayala.

Kafushane mayelana namasu kanye amaqhinga ukulwa

Ake sibheke kancane shí kulo mdlalo okuthakazelisayo efana uthango. Yini Kuyimpi? Lokhu kusebenzelana izindwani, okusho isisindo mncane, olukhohlisayo, ukunyakaza liqinisekisiwe futhi amasu. Ukuthi lokhu umehluko oyinhloko kusukela Duels uthango ngezikhali esindayo.

Lapho kuhlasela ngokuqondile kungenzeki, fencer uzama iwukudambisa balwe futhi balwe. Futhi ukuze aqede usongo, akusho ukuthi anqikaze, ungakwazi ulwe ikhaba, bese zisebenza iyashaya esiphikisayo.

Ngo uthango, zidlala indima ukunyakaza ezibalulekile okukhohlisayo. Lokhu kungaba: sifihle, esiza ukufihla izinhloso athlete; feint emelela ezinyakazayo esisongela; inselelo, ukuyithukuthelisa isitha juqu, kodwa hhayi izenzo njalo kahle kubhekwe, nokunye.

uthango yesimanje, kuye ngohlobo izikhali, has ezinye umehluko amasu, amacebo kanye nemithetho Lokudabuka ngenxa izindaba izikhali. Saber wathatha ukudla kwenkemba, esasetshenziswa esikhangisweni se mabutho. Baphenduka balwa e izimpi abakhwele amahhashi, ngakho ukugawulwa iziteleka ngenhla ibhande. Leli qiniso predetermined usayizi KWAMAGUNDANE surface abathintekayo kwezemidlalo saber uthango.

Sword kwasekuqaleni iyisikhali dueling. Umphumela Duel kungaba ichaze shot kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uwubeka kuqala futhi uzivikele ne impendulo kusuka lunge. Isimiso esifanayo wenziwa Welela uthango yesimanje.

Rapier ekuqaleni lakhiwa isikhali ukuqeqeshwa. Ngakho-ke, izimo emzabalazweni ku fencers uyazonga kakhulu. Kuyinto nge uthango UTJHAPHISA uqale. Abesifazane kanye wayenalo ilungelo ukulwa kuphela rapiers. Kusukela isikhali ungukukhanya, ngisho izingane zingakwazi umelana ke. Phela, uthango izingane sizobheka kancane aphansi. into efana "nokufaneleka Tactical" futhi wasuka izidingo uqeqesho combat, okuyinto kwakuwukwenza muntu nempi yangempela.

izinhlawulo

Uma nomsubathi ukumelela ukulwa sideline umlenze okungenani oyedwa, yena yanikezelwa inhlawulo ka 1 imitha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi le mpi ibizwa uqalisiwe at ibanga 1 imitha kusukela ukwephulwa izindawo maqondana okonile. Kanjalo, uba isikhala ukuhoxa imitha engaphansi. Uma fencer ukukhulumela umugqa emuva, abaphikisi kukora iphuzu elilodwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "isijeziso kwabathinta." Ngo abhekene necala engamukeleki:

1. I run kuhlasela.
2. Nezenzakalo komzimba contact.
3. Push isitha.
4. Phendukela emuva esitheni.
5. nishaye izibhamu phansi.
6. Noma yisiphi isenzo ngesandla sakhe khulula.

Shoot ithiphu nge izingalo, bezama ukukulungisa futhi amazwe nokufeza eminye imisebenzi akuvunyelwe ngaphandle kwemvume umahluleli. Ukushiya emkhakheni ukususa imaskhi ngaphandle umyalo ezifanele futhi akunakwenzeka. Ngokwephulwa sangamabomu imithetho abasubathi ukuthola isigwebo amakhadi.

Ikhadi eliphuzi inikezwe uma isixwayiso fencer ikhishwa. Uma nomsubathi lephula imithetho okwesibili, waboniswa ikhadi elibomvu. Akunandaba, wakuphinda icala lakhe noma wenza nezinye. Ikhadi elibomvu, kunokusebenza ophuzi, kuvimbela hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ujezisa ngu isigwebo umjovo. Ikhadi black ezitholakala ephule ngokuphelele imithetho, ukuziphatha unsportsmanlike uma fencer uphinda ukwephulwa okuyiwona yena yanikezelwa ikhadi elibomvu. Black ikhadi kubonisa ukungafaneleki.

Olympic

Sekuyisikhathi eside Uthango kwaba yingxenye ebalulekile iMidlalo Yama-Olympic. Izinto zesimanje-Olympic Imidlalo 18 abasubathi, ababili babo asalayo. Ithimba siqukethe kokubili amadoda nabesifazane. Uhlelo Olympics kuhlanganisa imincintiswano ngamunye kanye nethimba kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezintathu izikhali, okukuvumela uthango yesimanje. Abesifazane kanye namadoda, bangalwa ngezinkemba, rapiers futhi sabres. Lolu hlelo lubandakanya amakamelo 10, 6 okuyizinto ngabanye kanye 4 ithimba. Ngesikhathi zokugcina-Olympic Games in Rio abalandeli Russian ngeqholo wabukela uthango. Kunamadoda izindondo ezimbili, kuyilapho abesifazane - amathathu zegolide, owodwa wesiliva nokukodwa ngethusi. Esikhathini jikelele indondo Ukuma Russian uthango ithimba kwaba endaweni yokuqala.

uthango Junior

Abhekene necala izingane namuhla athuthukile engengaphansi kwengu neminye imidlalo. Isigaba kujwayele ukuthatha izingane ezineminyaka engu-9. Ezikoleni ezinhle zifundiswa hhayi kuphela amasu namacebo ukulwa, kodwa futhi ukubekezelelana ekufezeni isitha. kwesigaba Ufanele uthango ungaphakathi wonke amadolobha amakhulu. Ngaphandle kwale uthango sparring othile wawuyoba amanxiwa nje Battle izindwani.