Ukuhlaziywa nomlando inkondlo "Winter Ebusuku" (Pasternak)

Boris Leonidovich Pasternak - omunye wabalobi edume kunazo Russian kwekhulu lama-20, ogama temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba kanye izinkondlo ubhekwa omunye the best. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke yemisebenzi yakhe - ". Doctor Zhivago" Lokhu inoveli, okuyinto okokuqala emlandweni izincwadi Russian ehlanganisa izinkondlo namaprozi. Futhi ingxenye noveli wembula umsebenzi enkondlo "Winter Nights".

Pasternak wadala umlingisi, a izinkondlo ebucayi nokubhala. Kodwa ukuze ukuphazamisa umfundi kusuka izenzakalo zokuphila Yuri Zhivago, umbhali ubeka yonke indalo yakhe lyrical ekupheleni noveli.

Umlando sokudalwa

Ngakho le nkondlo Winter Ebusuku "(Pasternak), umlando ukudalwa okuzokwenziwa echazwe ngezansi, kwalotshwa njengengxenye yomsebenzi emikhulu. Kuyinto lokhu ucezu inikeza iqoqo izinkondlo Yuriya Zhivago. Kamuva vesi ngokuphindaphindiwe eshicilelwe ngokuhlukile noveli futhi ngisho ahambisana nomculo wezinsimbi. Kodwa emuva indaba.

Ukuze usungule usuku oluqondile ukubhala izinkondlo manje kwenzeke ngoba phezu Pasternak inoveli kakhulu wasebenza iminyaka engu-10 (ngo-1945 - 1955). Kodwa abagxeki sithambekele bakholelwa ukuthi imbongi idale wobuciko lyrical ngaphambi kokuphela noveli. Lokhu kungenxa ngoba kucatshangwa ukuthi leyo minyaka sebeke inhliziyo yabo Esigamekweni sokuqala Pasternak. "Winter Night" - inkondlo ekhuluma njengoba sibhekene nezinkinga zokuphila nokufa, ngakho-ke, lo magazini kwadingeka ukuba seduze umbhali. Yini isikhathi okunye, uma kungekhona ngokuhamba-kuze kube izikhathi zokugcina zokuphila ongeza ikhanda imicabango somuntu onjalo?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, a baxgeki yobuciko ukholelwa ukuthi le nkondlo yabhalwa ngokunembile eminyakeni 1954-55.

Njengoba for umsebenzi uqobo, "Doctor Zhivago" inoveli ubelokhu eqashelwa phesheya, Pasternak waklonyeliswa ngokuba "uMklomelo KaNobel" yakhe. Ukuze lo msebenzi, futhi umbhali yena ashushiswa kanzima ekhaya. It is ayisekho ishicilelwe, futhi waxoshwa Writers 'Union. Pasternak wake wabhala izincwadi, yokufisa sengathi benze uhulumende yokwethembeka kwabo, kodwa awazange asize. umbhali abaphikisi ukuvusela okuqukethwe kule noveli, ukusibiza emelene ngempela namaSoviet. Inkondlo "Winter Ebusuku" yabekwa ikakhulukazi okubhekiswe, njengoba lwamukelwa ngokomthetho uMkhandlu-inhlamba, ohlehlela emuva, futhi ohlehlela emuva.

indaba ephathwayo

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, isihloko kule nkondlo "Winter Ebusuku" (Pasternak) bewusihloko njengoba sibhekene nezinkinga zokuphila nokufa. Umsebenzi ngokwawo ehilela kakhulu ezwini lakhe njalo nesithombe kufihliwe a nencazelo ekhethekile.

Ngakho, sicabangisisa ngazo zonke umbhalo in umongo ukulwa, singaphetha ngokuthi umoya, uthule iqhwa nesithwathwa - izimpawu zokufa ngokulambisa Teplyaev yikhandlela - ekuphileni. Futhi lokhu kukhanya ethambile kushiya ogulayo Yuri Zhivago njengoba nje ushiya futhi Pasternak.

Nokho, kanye elibuhlungu indaba ephathwayo yokufa nokuphila, kukhona isihloko sothando, ezihambisana nenqubo engokwemvelo. Abantu bazizwa sengathi Ngokuqhubeka ngokwemvelo. Ngakho, uthando womuntu kuhambisana isiphepho esikhulu seqhwa, trudging kuya "imibuthano nakwesokudla" amafasitela. Nokho, uma isimo nomphumela "ukushisa esilingweni" kuyazuzisa umlingisi lomcoka?

umqondo

Umqondo we-inkondlo "Winter Ebusuku" (Pasternak) bavumelane isihloko. It is owawusekelwe ukuzabalaza kwesintu hhayi kuphela kanye nokufa njengenkosi, kodwa izinkathazo zokuphila, izilingo womuntu. Ngakho, waba iqhawe lyrical ubhekana isiphepho esikhulu seqhwa zineminyaka ngaphandle kwefasitela, futhi isilingo sokuhlehla ashise umphefumulo wakhe. Ngo umphefumulo uhlamvu ebusa ukudideka, akakwazi ukuqonda lapho ezinhle kusukela okubi. Veza ke enkondlweni kunengqondo ezilandelayo eziningi ingelosi, isilingo "crosswise".

Nokho, simelane amandla engqondo can izinsongo yangaphandle kuphela (isiphepho esikhulu seqhwa) (ifanekiselwa ikhandlela) nothando. Ngaphambi umuzwa sublime emuva ebumnyameni, indlu iba ethokomele, ukufudumala.

Okuphawulekayo uphawu inhlansi. Nanguya, njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, bavumelane yena iqhawe. It isavutha (bukhoma), naphezu kwezingcindezi zomhlaba ngaphandle. Ukubona i-ethambile, kodwa uyaqhubeka ukuxoxa ikhandlela sidlula lonke inkondlo.

Ukwakheka inkondlo "Winter Ebusuku" (Pasternak)

inkondlo Ukwakheka ukuhlaziywa kusikisela ukuthi umkhiqizo esekelwe upholavuthondaba reception (okungafani) izakhi ezimbili: ice nelangabi. Blizzard ezimboze umhlaba wonke, unezinkolelo nxazonke, zehlukaniswe phezu ingilazi, ke abakwazi ukungena ekamelweni, wotha lekhandlela.

Inkondlo has a Ukwakheka isiyingi - emgqeni wokugcina iphindwa ngowokuqala, nakuba ngempela. Futhi-ke, le nkulumo akuyona kuphela kubalulekile, kodwa kunomehluko kunencazelo omkhulu. Ngakho, ekupheleni le nkondlo akuyona okuphindaphindiwe, "Melo Melo" futhi kukhona inkomba isikhathi - Februwari. Ngakho imbongi ufingqa isiphepho, okuyinto sesivele sidlulile, futhi ngaleyo ndlela amandla wokuphila nethemba anqoba.

ubukhulu olusankondlo

usayizi Ivesi ihlinzeka inkondlo ezinamandla ezingokomzwelo "Winter Ebusuku" (Pasternak). I kuphinyiswa kwemisindvo kusikisela ukuthi umkhiqizo kulotshiwe chetyrehstopnym iambics cross-imvumelwano, lapho owesilisa (1 umugqa 3) nensikazi (2, 4 line) imvumelwano enye. A okuthiwa ingazigingqagingqi isigqi, okungukuthi, ukunciphisa 2nd futhi imigqa 4th, unikeza inkondlo dynamism ekhethekile.

isiphetho

Ngakho, yonke elihlanganisiwe futhi indoda, isikhashana kanye iphakade enkondlweni "Winter Night". Pasternak wadala umsebenzi ngokumangalisayo soulful, ngokomzwelo nefilosofi.