Ukuhlunga algorithm njengoba benjalo

Ukuhlelwa liyilungiselelo lezinto ngendlela ethile, isibonelo, in inyuka noma kwehle. Ngokuvamile, ukuhleleka izakhi - ezivamile idatha ukuxhaphaza lula search eminye imininingwane edingekayo. Lokhu ngokuyinhloko iphathelene ahlukahlukene ngabaphathi semininingwane izinhlelo. algorithm Ukuhlunga khona izinombolo ezinkulu kuleli qophelo ngesikhathi, ngisho noma kudingeka izici ezifanayo (izigaba): ukuqhathanisa kanye permutation izici ngababili nje ukulandelana ngeke ngaphambilini.

algorithm Ukuhlunga kungenziwa oluthathwa zibe zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka zinezikhathi yokuthi zonke izinto ezohlungwa ezibekwe inkumbulo futhi kungenzeka uthole ukufinyelela okungahleliwe noma yisiphi sazo. Lesi sakamuva bangasebenza idatha afakwe kwimemori bangaphandle (ifayela). Ukufinyelela izici eziningana ezinjengolwazi ezingase zithathwe ngokulandelana.

I encomekayo uhlobo izinto lapho isakhiwo afanayo eyodwa-ntathu. into ngayinye okunjalo nenombolo ye-serial kanye nekheli kungxenye afanayo lwenzeka Inkomba. algorithm uphenya Kulokhu kukhona elula kakhulu neshaya emhloleni ukuyisebenzisa.

Cabanga yangaphakathi ekuhlungeni algorithm ukwehla bubble indlela nenguqulo yayo ethuthukisiwe, ukusetshenziswa isikhathi ezahlukene ekuhlungeni. Hlunga bubble empeleni unamagama amaningi. Ibizwa nangokuthi i komugqa ekuhlungeni indlela noma exchange ukuhlunga inketho. Nokho, Kodwa, akuyona esihlokweni. Kungani ibhamuza? Uma emanzini, ingane iyaqaphela emoyeni ngeke vela, njengoba kulula. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ukuhlunga sinyuka phezulu yayiyoba okungenani izici.

Cabangela samuntu lokuqala ukuhlunga algorithm bubble ngu amalungu afanayo. Verbal algorithm afanayo ukuhlunga, kokuba mas isihlonzi kanye phezu kwala maphuzu N, njengoba kulandela:

1. Gqokani indawo isici sokuqala (mas [1]) element elikhulu array. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sizokwenza qhathanisa uphendulela zonke tincenye letisele (mas [2], mas [3] ... mas [N]). Uma uthola ukuthi noma yiziphi ezinye izici mkhulu kunezinhliziyo mas [1], kuyadingeka ushintshashintsha kubo (nge buf variable ezengeziwe).

2. Ngokuqeda ngemva kokucabangela mas isici [1] bese uphinda isinyathelo sesi- 1 kuya mas isici [2].

3. Lezi zinyathelo okuphindaphindiwe azo zonke izakhi ngaphandle zokugcina.

Ukwenza umsebenzi we-algorithm bubble uhlobo Pascal izinhlelo:

Mayelana ukhetho lwesibili (indlela ethuthukisiwe of the bubble) ungasho ukuthi lokhu algorithm quicksort. Ngakho, uma uzama ukuyisebenzisa ukuhlunga amalungu afanayo isivele ihlelwa, algorithm siqede umsebenzi wayo ngemva pass lokuqala izakhi afanayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke ukuchitha system imithombo kanye ne-computing isikhathi ku lutho ukuqhathanisa izakhi.

Nansi ukuqaliswa ukuhlunga algorithm ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo Pascal:

Ngakho, ama-algorithm ukuhlunga ngosizo nokuhlelwa kwedatha ukulandelana. Uma ukhetha i-algorithm ethile kufanele acabangele izindleko ngokuya isikhathi system imithombo.