Ukukhiqizwa kabusha vegetative. Kuyini ukuthini? okusho micropropagation

Lokuzaliswa ingenye izici sazo zonke izinto eziphilayo, kuhlanganise ukuphefumula, umsoco, ukunyakaza kanye nabanye. Okusho kunzima overestimate, ngoba kuqinisekisa ngokuqhubeka izizukulwane, futhi kungakho kakhulu ukuphila kule mbulunga enguMhlaba.

Emvelweni inqubo okuthiwa wenziwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Omunye wabo - asexual ukukhiqizwa kabusha vegetative. Litholakala ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni. Inani esiphelweni vegetative futhi ezahlukeneyo zalo kuzoxoxwa ngakho encwadini yethu.

Kuyini ukukhiqizwa kabusha asexual

Wasesikoleni esiphakeme biology inquma esiphelweni vegetative izitshalo (Libanga 6, esigabeni "Botany") njengoba omunye izinhlobo asexual. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokuhamba nokuqaliswa kwalo awahlanganyeli germ cells. Futhi, ngokufanele, recombination kolwazi zofuzo akunakwenzeka.

Kuyinto indlela eminingi yasendulo yokuzala, nobuntu izitshalo, isikhunta, ama-bacterium, nezilwane ezithile. essence yayo itholakala kumiswa ezingaphansi kwalezi zilwane zikhona umzali.

Ngaphezu vegetative, kunezinye izindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha asexual. I bakudala kakhulu sazo division zibe amaseli ezimbili. Ngakho wande izilwane owumphumela nezitshalo kanye amagciwane.

Enye inguqulo ye le ndlela iyona division amaningi. It is kanyekanye kwakhiwa ezingaphansi eziningana umzali cell efanayo. Lokhu kwenzeka, isibonelo, Plasmodium falciparum, okuyinto yisinanakazana kumaseli igazi.

Ifomu ekhethekile ukuveza asexual Ukwakheka kwezitho ezinhlamvu. Horsetails, Izinhlobo, wona kanye wona club nokuzala ngaleyo ndlela.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha Asexual vegetative

Ngokuvamile, lapho ukuveza asexual ephilayo entsha ikhulela lonke iqembu lamaseli umzali. Lolu hlobo ukuveza asexual libizwa vegetative.

Ngokulandelayo, sitshelwa ngo zichaza izinhlobo futhi izibonelo eziphilayo zinezikhathi esiphelweni vegetative. Ithebula ubala kubo, sizothola umbono jikelele yokwanda kwalo uhlobo ukukhiqizwa kabusha.

Lokuzaliswa izingxenye kwezitho vegetative

plant izitho vegetative kukhona ukuphunyuka, ehlanganisa sifanamsindvo namaqabunga, futhi impande - isitho ngomshoshaphansi. Yehlukanise off ingxenye ezinamangqamuzana amaningi abo noma Isiqu umuntu angafeza cloning.

Kuyini isibonelo cuttings? Kuyinto indlela wathi yokufakelwa esiphelweni vegetative. Ngakho, ukwandisa isibalo currant notshani ugqumugqumu, udinga ukuthatha ingxenye yesimiso zabo impande kanye nezinso, zazo ekugcineni abuyiselwe yokuphunyuka.

Kodwa yokuzalanisa amagilebhisi ezifaneleke stem petioles. Kubo isikhathi esithile ukuze alulame uhlelo impande izitshalo. Imfuneko kuyinto ukutholakala kwanoma iyiphi uhlobo izinso empandni.

Kodwa ukuze kwenziwe zezitshalo eziningi zasendlini ngokuvamile zisebenzisa amaqabunga. Ngokuqinisekile, abaningi lwenkomo olufakwe amanzi ngendlela violets.

Lokuzaliswa Ushintshe amahlumela

izitshalo eziningi zakha izitho vegetative ukulungiswa ubavumele ukwenza imisebenzi eyengeziwe. Enye yalezi imisebenzi - vegetative esiphelweni. Uyini ukuguqulwa olukhethekile amahlumela, siyaqonda uma sicabanga eceleni izimpande, ama nokuyizigaxa.

esigaxeni

Le ngxenye isitshalo itholakala komhlaba sifana impande, kodwa, naphezu igama, kuyinto ukuguqulwa beqa. Siqukethe internodes side, okuyinto isuka izimpande adventitious kanye namahlamvu.

Izibonelo izitshalo ukuthi ukukhiqiza kabusha ngezindlela rhizomes, kukhona lily esigodini, iris, Mint. Ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi umzimba ingatholakala nokhula. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ukuqeda kusofa utshani kunzima kangakanani. Ukudonsa ke emhlabathini, abantu bavame ukuhamba izingxenye izimpande elikhulu of wheatgrass ngomshoshaphansi. Futhi emva kwesikhathi esithize, bona sihlume. Ngakho-ke, ukuqeda ukhula okuthiwa, kubalulekile ukuba ngokucophelela bambe up.

isibani

Amalikhi, nesweli, Narcissus futhi ezala usebenzisa podezmnyh ukulungiswa amahlumela, okuthiwa ama. Isiqu yabo flat ngokuthi eDonets. Okukuwo amahlamvu namanzi esinamanzi, Thenga umsoco, nezinso. Bona zisenza sibe ezintsha. Bulb ivumela isitshalo ukuze ziqhubeke ziphila ngaphansi phansi nzima zikhwelwe - nesomiso noma abandayo.

Tuber futhi amadevu

Ukuze kuphindaphindeke amazambane akudingeki ukuhlwanyela imbewu, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi akha izimbali nezithelo. Lesi simila izalana by komhlaba amahlumela ukulungiswa - nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ukuze asakaze amazambane, ngisho isiqiniseko sokuthi kwaba wonke tuber. Engingakusho nje isinqamu eliqukethe efihlekile ukuthi iyoqhuma komhlaba, abuyisele wonke isitshalo.

A sitrobheli strawberry emva zom kanye fruiting amafomu isiswebhu phansi (Intshebe), okuyizinto amahlumela. By the way, abakwazi kudidaniswe emilibeni lamagilebhisi, isibonelo. Lesi simila enza umsebenzi ezahlukene - ikhono athole ukusizakala ekusekelweni isikhundla okuntofontofo e nokuma kwelanga.

kwehlukana

Hhayi izitshalo kuphela ongabona nokuzala esebenzisa ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zalo multi-amaselula. Lesi senzakalo saphawula nokuthi ezilwaneni. Ukuhlukana njengoba kabusha vegetative - kuyini? Le nqubo kusekelwe ikhono eziphilayo ekululameni - nokuvulwa elahlekile noma ezilimele zomzimba. Ngokwesibonelo, umzimba inyokane ungalulama yonke ngabanye, kuhlanganise nesembozo futhi izibilini isilwane.

gemmation

Olufufusayo - enye indlela zokukhiqiza kabusha, kodwa vegetative efihlekile kulo asihlobene. essence yayo imi kanje: ku kwakhiwa emzimbeni umzimba umzali protrusion, likhula, kuthatha izici umzimba omdala futhi wajinge wanamatsela kusukela khona ezimele.

inqubo okunjalo luthela kwenzeka emanzini angenawo usawoti Hydra. Kodwa nabanye abameleli coelenterates - kwamakhorali - protrusion Kumiswa hhayi wajinge wanamatsela futhi uhlala emzimbeni kamama. Ngenxa yalokho, izixhobo kwakhiwa bobunjwa fancy.

Ukwandisa inani khekhe, okuyinto ukulungele ngosizo imvubelo, ngasendleleni, futhi ngenxa ukwanda kwabo vegetative by luthela.

okusho micropropagation

Njengoba ubona, ukukhiqizwa kabusha vegetative ngokwemvelo lenzelwa ngokwanele kakhulu. Le ndlela kuholela ukwanda okusheshayo kwenani labantu kohlobo oluthile. Izitshalo salokhu, ngisho nenani lamadivayisi, ngesimo zokuguqulwa impande kanye ihlumela.

Ukusebenzisa yokufakelwa esiphelweni vegetative (ukuthi ngisho nomqondo onjalo kusho ngaphambili kushiwo), omunye esandisa izitshalo, esebenzisa ekusebenzeni kwebhizinisi layo. Akudingi ngabanye wobulili obuhlukile. Ukuze amila izitshalo abasha noma ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo ezintsha imvelo ababewazi lapho umzimba kamama uhlala.

Nokho, zonke izinhlobo ukuveza asexual, kuhlanganise vegetative, kukhona esinye isici. yi Its ukuvela eziphilayo zofuzo ezifanayo ukuthi kukhona ikhophi esiqondile umzali. Ukugcina zilwane futhi izici zofuzo le ndlela yokuzala Luhle. Kodwa nge zonke kokuhlukana luyindida kakhulu.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha Asexual ngokuvamile phuca emzimbeni ukubukeka okungenzeka izinhlamvu ezintsha, futhi ngenxa yalokho indlela lokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezishintshashintshayo kwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, iningi zinhlobo zasendle futhi bayakwazi bahlanganyele inqubo ngokobulili.

Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu ethile, lapho zizalela kutshalwa izitshalo ezibalulekile kakhulu futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi namanje esiphelweni vegetative. Indoda ujabulile le ndlela ngenxa ezihlukahlukene amathuba, ezincane ngokuya ubude, futhi nenombolo eziphilayo zizalana ngendlela echazwe.