Ukukhubazeka - a ... Ukusungulwa yokukhubazeka, uhlu izifo. nokuvuselelwa kwabantu abakhubazekile

Ngenxa lokuchezuka sína isimo sezempilo, ngesikhathi umuntu Ikhutshaziwe uthola isimo "alivumelekile". Ukukhubazeka - esimweni umuntu abakhubazeke ngokwenqondo, ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo, lapho kunezithiyo umsebenzi wokudala. Lokhu isimo Kumiswa izikhungo olukhethekile ngihlolwa kanye nomphakathi. Ekucubunguleni degree of nokuphazamiseka kwempilo yokukhubazeka kubantu abakhubazekile babelwa ezithile amaqembu ukukhubazeka izinzuzo ngalo abafake umthetho Russian Federation.

Inqubo wokusungula

Ngaziphi izizathu nomuntu okungenamsoco ungahle uthole ukukhubazeka? ERussia, lokhu "ilungelo ubuso ukuqashelwa ukukhubazeka", evunywe RF Uhulumeni ngo-2006. Ziqukethe uhlelo ezivamile ukunquma isimo. isikhungo Medical lapho isiguli siphenywa, noma ukuphepha komphakathi iziphathimandla bayaqondisa Bureau of Medical Ubuchule Social futhi. Imibandela sokunquma ukukhubazeka yilezi:

1. ukungasebenzi unomphela emzimbeni, okuyinto kubangelwa isifo esithile, ukuhlukumezeka.
2. umsebenzi izivimbelo ngokugcwele noma kancane.
3. Isidingo zokuvikeleka komphakathi.

Ngokusho imiphumela ukuhlola isimo sinqumo Ukuklonyeliswa. Kuye ukukhubazeka isifo zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu. Okokuqala eyabelwe engu-2, eyesibili neyesithathu - unyaka owodwa. iqembu "ingane ekhubazekile" imisiwe kuya eminyakeni eyi-18. Ukusungula ukukhubazeka unomphela kungenzeka kungakadluli iminyaka emibili emva kokuqala isimo kunquma amacala izifo, iziyaluyalu kwezitho, izici itholiwe. Futhi nika unaphakade isigaba, awukwazi ngemva umhla kwemine edlulisa luhlolo ezimweni lapho baqinisekisa ukuthi akunakwenzeka zalezo zinkinga zezempilo, naphezu izinyathelo nokuvuselelwa. Isinqumo ubuchwepheshe lezempilo nezenhlalo kungaba ngenyanga ngemuva sinqumo. Isicelo ukubuyekeza leli cala senziwa ihhovisi efanayo lapho kubonakala.

Iqembu lokuqala imikhawulo impilo

Kulesi isigaba ukukhubazeka - kakhulu uzwakalise ukwehluleka nomphakathi, lapho umuntu udinga usizo. Lezi zindlela esiyinhloko bohlanga kuqala yilezi:

1. Gcwalisa ukuncika zabanye abantu Ukuzinakekela ehlanganisa nokuya nomaphi.

2. Disorientation.

3. Ukwehluleka ukuxhumana.

4. ukuziphatha engalawuliwe.

Isigaba uhlukaniswe sub-ngamaqembu A no B. Eyokuqala ihlanganisa abantu ngezinga eliphezulu zempilo ukungakhuli, okuholela isidingo sokuba kube nokuqondisa njalo nokunakekela. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa iziguli nokukhubazeka nemilenze ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sofuba ezinzima ngamathumba abulalayo nabanye.

Iqeqebana B kuhlanganisa nabantu kwencika abalulekile kwabanye, kanye nokungakwazi ngokwengxenye ukwenza ezinye izingxenye self-service. Isigaba isethwe ku izifo ezifana anophthalmos bemave lamabili, iziphunzi kokubili emikhawulweni ephansi, paraplegia, aphasia Imininingwane, kwezinso ukwehluleka grade 4 kanye nabanye.

Iqembu lesibili imikhawulo impilo

Izibonakaliso eyinhloko okuqondene nalesi sigaba yilezi:

1. Ikhono self-service ehlanganisa nokuya nomaphi usebenzisa izindlela asizayo.

2. Ikhono lo msebenzi zabasebenzi ezimweni wadala ngokukhethekile ku sikuhlomele emsebenzini, nokusetshenziswa nezinsiza.

3. Ikhono ukufunda ezikoleni ezikhethekile noma ekhaya.

4. Ngosizo nabanye abantu yoba kwesibuko space kanye nesikhathi.

5. Ikhono lokukhulumisana usebenzisa izindlela asizayo.

6. Amandla kancane noma okulawula ukuziphatha.

Kulokhu, abakhubazekile - yikhono okungenani ubuncane nokwaneliswa ngoba lezi zifo ezilandelayo:

1. Ifomu asebenzayo isifo sofuba.

2. isifo sokusha kwamaphaphu.

3. nemiphumela yokugula ngengqondo ehlala njalo iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi.

4. ukufakelwa kwezitho zangaphakathi (emva kweminyaka emihlanu ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela).

5. Ukulimala emgogodleni ne ikhono kahle ukuthutha, nabanye.

Abantu abakhubazekile kulesi sigaba baye srednevyrazhennoe Ukukhubazeka. Ngokuvamile abangakwenza ukuze azinakekele futhi waphila ukuphila ezimele, kodwa nesidingo sokuvikela amasevisi womphakathi nasekusizeni abanye. Ukukhubazeka (uhlu izifo esicashunwe ngenhla) kunikeza abantu ithuba ukusebenza, kodwa isibopho esiphathelene ne umqashi ukudala izimo ezikhethekile zokusebenza. Ukuze kube lula ukusebenza sihlinzekela amakhefu ezengeziwe sokraschennnaya ushintsho, ukuncishiswa okukhipha quota, ilivu ezengeziwe.

Iqembu lesithathu yokukhubazeka

Lokho libhekisela izinkomba ukusungulwa isigaba? Kulokhu, ngenxa yokukhubazeka, ungeke - kuba isimo somuntu, lapho izimo ezilandelayo zihlangabezwa:

1. Self-service kanye nohambo ngosizo amathuluzi akhethekile.
2. Amandla ukufunda kanye nomsebenzi kuhambisana a ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile lwemithi noma ukwenza izinguquko ezidingekayo imisebenzi yokukhiqiza.
3. Ikhono kwesibuko space kanye nesikhathi usebenzisa izindlela asizayo.
4. Ikhono lokukhuluma, lapho i-sehliselwe kokuthola futhi ukudluliswa kolwazi, kanye nokuncipha ivolumu nokwenziwa.

Iqembu eyabelwe abantu, cishe ngokuphelele ezimele, okungadingi kuphazamise umsebenzi nokufunda abakhubazekile. Uhlu izifo:

- amathambo eqinile yokuphambana skull;

- ngokuhlanganyela bamanga ehlombe noma ibhodi lemisindo;

- ukuntuleka ezinye iminwe yesandla;

- Cult hip, unyawo, umbala;

- dislocation we ngokuhlanganyela hip ukuze ukungakwazi abanye imisebenzi;

- ukugobeka komhlandla degree lwesithathu;

- ukungabi eyodwa wamaphaphu, izinso;

- extirpation isisu kanye nabanye.

Iqembu lesithathu iyasebenza bese alisho emshikashikeni. Ukuncishiswa amahora abasebenza singanikezwanga, isethwe ngesonto amahora angu-40.

izingane ukukhubazeka

Ingane engaphansi kwengu-18 libhekwa njengoba "nezingane ezikhubazekile ', uma ine- thuthuva ebalulekile yokuphila. Luncoma ukusungulwa isimo esibhedlela kungaba ezingeni ehlukene. Lokhu kuncoma kulotshiwe emlandweni kwengane nentuthuko kanye wezokwelapha ambulatory ikhadi. Amadokhumenti wayiswa esibhedlela, lapho ikomidi yezokwelapha-sokweluleka udonsa isiphetho kudingekile ngeduplikhethi.

Ezimweni lapho amaqembu ezepolitiki okwavunyelwana iminyaka engu-18, banikezwe isimo "alivumelekile", futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo esunguliwe ukuthi ukuhlukumeza zempilo zaqala mdala, umuntu uthola esigabeni 'ekhubazekile kusukela ebuntwaneni. " Ngemva kulonyaka isiguli kungokoqobo kabusha luhlolo, okwathi ngemva kwalokho ikhishwa isitifiketi okulotshiwe isimo. Uma isikhalazo ukuze ubuchwepheshe lezempilo nezenhlalo yisikhathi sokuqala, ngesikhathi imibhalo ukuqinisekiswa cwaningo on the isimo ngabanye kusuka ekuzalweni kuya kwengu-18. Kumelwe sikhumbule ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi pathologies lapho umuntu kwanele nginikeze imibhalo mayelana uphethwe, kanye isitifiketi luhlolo yikhomishana uchwepheshe. Izifo ezihlala zihlanganisa izinkinga uvendle, kokunciphisa azalwa naso yezingalo nemilenze, retardation engqondo kanye nabanye. Isimo ingane ekhubazekile unikezwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuntu mdala nokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzi.

Izingane nezinkinga zezempilo

ingane ukukhubazeka ngubani uneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-18 litsi ufanele eziningi izinzuzo:

1. Ukuze kwesikhathi entwasahlobo-ekwindla 50% isaphulelo on wesitimela travel, ibhasi omhlaba kanye yezindiza.
2. Ukuhamba Ngomkhumbi zonke izinhlobo zezokuthutha umphakathi mahhala.
3. zokuthutha Mahhala kusayithi inqubo yokwelapha ngokwamaqiniso amabhasi nezasemalokishini kwamadolobha.
4. Kanye travel ngonyaka endaweni ukwelashwa ngezithukuthuku kwezimali zomphakathi.
5. Ukunikeza izindlu aphume ithuba ngokungabi bikho ngabazali noma abalondolozi.
6. Imindeni ingane ekhubazekile ukuthola isaphulelo okungenani u-50% ku-Umbuso indawo izikweletu.

Ukuze imikhaya yini ingane ekhubazekile, yalungiselela amalungelo. Okungukuthi - yempesheni kumama Early sika, i eyengeziwe yezinsuku ezine ngempelasonto, isinxephezelo ngenyanga zezingane ezikhubazekile. Lapho ingane ifinyelela eminyakeni engu-18, uphila izinzuzo kudilizwa ngaphansi omunye amaqembu amathathu ukukhubazeka.

impesheni accrual ingane ekhubazekile

Ngo-2015, it kulindeleke ukuthi likhuphuke impesheni yokukhubazeka nezinzuzo zezenhlalo. Ngakho, izingane ezikhubazekile kuyoba ruble 1035, okuzoba nomphumela inkokhelo Imininingwane nyangazonke ruble 11,411.86. zikhutshaziwe kusukela ebuntwaneni, ngaphandle isikhathi zanqwabelana inelungelo impesheni zomphakathi. Abazali kahle izingane ezikhubazeke ngokomzimba enikeziwe sokuthatha umhlalaphansi singakashayi isikhathi nge ubudala iminyaka engu-15, unina, noyise - 20. ababheki abakhulisa ingane kuze iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, ukuhlinzeka kukhona ukwehla engu umhlalaphansi ngonyaka owodwa ngoba yonke iminyaka eyisithupha sivikelwe, kodwa hhayi iminyaka engaphezu kuka-5. Umthetho iqukethe nelungiselelo iinthombe izinkathi ukunakekelwa sezingane ezikhubazekile, noma esingalungile leqembu lokuqala umshwalense futhi ubude yesevisi.

ukukhubazeka. izinzuzo

amalungelo Ezezindlu kwezinkambiso ukuhlinzekela inqubo ukunikezelwa kwezindlu, Ubukhulu bayo, kanye izinzuzo ukukhokhela Umbuso izinkokhelo kulesi sigaba. Ukuze izindlu aphume ithuba ongacela izakhamizi, kanye lezi zifo ezilandelayo: isifo sofuba asebenzayo, izimila ebulalayo nge uketshezi obuningi, isithuthwane esibhibhayo wemikhawulo, nokugula ngengqondo nge exacerbations ezinzima, fistulas emathunjini bese urinary nabanye. Abantu okuthiwa bakhubazekile anelungelo ekamelweni elihlukile ukuthi kunakwe uma ubhalisa lokwenza ngcono izimo zokuphila. Futhi, ngoba ngamunye usekhona zindawo ezazihlala ama-nabo emizini isitokwe izindlu, esimweni izakhiwo lesikhungo yokuhlala.

Ukukhubazeka eRussia kusekelwa eziningi izinzuzo. Ngokwesibonelo, amalungelo alandelayo eqembu lokuqala:

1. Labour and impesheni zomphakathi.
2. ilungiselelo Mahhala kwemithi on kadokotela.
3. Ukwelashwa e sanatoriums ngezithukuthuku isimo.
4. Inkokhelo noma isinxephezelo yezindleko indiza noma isitimela amathikithi.
5. Izikhangibavakashi ezweni ezokuthutha ngezithukuthuku isimo.
6. Izaphulelo for ngezidingo, ngocingo, ugesi.
7. Kungenzeka ukuthola isikhala ephilayo ezengeziwe abantu nezimiso ezithile zokwelapha ukuthi liphazamisane ukuhlala nabanye abantu.
8. Uma umuntu okhubazekile idzinga kunika wonkhe zitho futhi izicathulo wamathambo, le sevisi khulula.
9. Umncintiswano yokwemukela izikole sokufundela amakhono omsebenzi.
10. Linikeza usonhlalakahle, kanye nabanye.

Ukuze Isigaba sesibili izinzuzo ukukhubazeka hlu lufaka izinguquko eziningi. Ngokwesibonelo, ukusungulwa enciphile zokusebenza ngesonto imali egcwele. Ekunqumeni izinzuzo eqenjini lesithathu siholwa eziningi umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama. Ingxenye yalo mkhakha yezakhamuzi unelungelo ukusebenzisa olunye uhlobo izinzuzo (ezifana khulula ukwelashwa spa), omunye - okunye (travel khulula ezokuthutha zomphakathi). Uhlu ingqikithi izinzuzo iqembu ekhubazekile lwesithathu simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

1. Ikhutshaziwe kusukela ebuntwaneni kukhona sokuthola intela, imali yokubhalisa abantu abaye babonisa isifiso nebhizinisi.
2. Enteleni ku ukuthengwa imoto, okuyinto ngokukhethekile aguqulelwe ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abaphila nokukhubazeka.
3. Isaphulelo on ukuthengwa kwemithi enqunyiwe ngu somuthi nokusetshenziswa kwawo sikadokotela (uma umuntu yaziwa njengenye abangasebenzi).
4. Ukunikeza amathathu ikhefu futhi ikhefu ezengeziwe ngaphandle kwenkokhelo.
5. Izaphulelo ku Umbuso izinkokhelo kanye nabanye.

Abantu abaningi abanokukhubazeka bathembele izinkonzo zomphakathi emakhaya. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuthengwa kwemithi, izimpahla, imikhiqizo, ukuhlanza ezindlini. Uhlu ukukhubazeka kwenza kube nokwenzeka ayichaze izinzuzo kanye namasevisi ancike kubantu.

impesheni

Wonke amaqembu amathathu ukukhubazeka nokubekwa inelungelo impesheni yomhlalaphansi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimbangela zalesi simo, inkathi umshwalense, ukutholakala komsebenzi.

Yiziphi izimo ukuthola impesheni labakhubazekile? Okokuqala, kungokwalabo esigabeni lamasosha, ababuya empini, Cosmonauts, izakhamuzi abathola ukulimala ngenxa izinhlekelele kwezobuchwepheshe kanye radiology. Okwesibili, ukusungulwa ukukhubazeka federal izikhungo isimo ngihlolwa kanye nomphakathi. Okwesithathu, isitembu isikhathi yokulimala noma isifo. Ngokwesibonelo, impesheni lempi bathembele uma ukuhlukumeza impilo iphutha ngenkathi ukukhonza. Ukuze abantu abaye bahlaselwa tehlakalo, imfuneko ukubala imali incazelo yokukhubazeka.

iqembu Pension ukukhubazeka has izinhlobo eziningana. Uhlobo lokuqala - impesheni yomhlalaphansi. It is eyabelwe engavumelekile kunoma yiliphi iqembu uma has a ubude obuncane yesevisi emsebenzini (ngisho usuku olulodwa kungaba). Isimo main liyinhlawufo amaphrimiyamu inkampani. Eyesibili uhlobo - impesheni isimo. It is eyabelwe abahlanganyeli IMpi Enkulu Patriotic, ezempi, abantu, abathintwa ngemisebe noma izinhlekelele ezenziwe umuntu. impesheni Social - kuba uhlobo yesithathu yempesheni, icala njalo kunomuntu okhubazekile, kungakhathaliseki ubudala. Ngokusho umthetho impesheni, uma isakhamuzi unesizathu ukuthola izinhlobo ezimbili impesheni, lowo uyakuthiwa ikhokhwe eyodwa lokhulu. Isabelo ngesikhathi esisodwa izinhlobo eziningana yokukhokha abalungile abamukele ukulimala yeenkhali, futhi kwezinye izigaba.

The kungenzeka usizo eRussia

Ezweni lethu, ihlelwe ukusekelwa ezibanzi zabantu abakhubazekile. Lokhu isimo ikuvumela ukuba zithole izinzuzo, umuthi nguMbuso, izindlela lobuchwepheshe ukubuyisela, izaphulelo zokuhamba nokungayi izindlu, kuyiwe zokungcebeleka. Ukuvuselelwa Ikhutshaziwe kusho iqoqo izinyathelo bemvelo yezenhlalakahle zokungcebeleka.

Kusukela ngo-1999, izwe has a "Russian Union Lwabantu Abakhubazekile", okuyinto uhlela izinhlangano zosizo ezihlukahlukene, imicimbi yomphakathi. Inhlangano "Ethile" izimisele ukusekela ngokugcwele ukuzimela kwabantu abakhubazekile, bathuthukise izimpilo zabo. Ngo lamadolobha amaningi aseRussia kukhona inethiwekhi izinkampani "Independent lokuhlala", okuyinto futhi ukubhekana nezinkinga ezimpilweni zezakhamuzi abanokukhubazeka. Ezinye izinkampani ezizimele basekelwe kubantu abakhubazekile. Ngakho, inkampani "megaphone" kukhona tariff "Imininingwane" ukuze abantu abanokukhubazeka kokuzwa. Yiqiniso, izwe lethu neze kule ndawo, kodwa siyizisebenzi endleleni eya ngokwakha imvelo umgoqo-mahhala edolobheni ngalinye, kanye nokuvuselelwa abantu abakhubazekile, uyobe uzipha esinye wemisebenti lebalulekile isimo.